Assessment of the Bureau of Reclamation's Security Program (2008) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 14-28
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From page 14... ...
and the sabotage of Glen Canyon Dam was fictionalized in the novel The Monkey Wrench Gang (Abbey and A malicious act is defined as a willful act of destruction perpetrated by a determined individual or group of individuals, such as international terrorists, domestic extremists, or a disgruntled employee.
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From page 15... ...
Banquiao 1975 China Extreme rainfall 85,000 killed and beyond design Shimantan capability of dam Baldwin 1963 Los Angeles, Subsidence 5 killed, 277 homes Hills California leading to destroyed Reservoir cracking of asphalt impervious seal Vajont 1963 Italy Tectonic failure Est. 2,000 killed; several villages wrecked Malpasset 1959 Côte d'Azur, Geological failure; 421 killed; $68 million in France rupture along damage (1959 dollars)
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From page 16... ...
It is the second largest producer of hydroelectric power in the western United States: 58 power plants annually provide more than 40 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity to heat, cool, light, and power homes, factories, businesses, and government facilities. Approximately 90 million people visit 300 recreation sites, including Lake Havasu, Lake Mead, and Lake Powell, each year.
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From page 17... ...
In some cases, service roads originally built across the tops of dams to provide access for operations and maintenance crews have been incorporated into key transportation corridors serving commuters and trucking. Reclamation's security challenge has multiple aspects, including several that involve balancing security measures with other societal needs
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From page 18... ...
Many dams were built as interconnected components of systems to control major river basins and watersheds, such as the Colorado and Missouri river basins, the Central Valley Project in California, and the Columbia Basin Project in Washington. Although facilities along these watersheds are separated geographically, their operations are interconnected.
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TETON DAM FAILURE AND RECLAMATION'S RESPONSE In its 105-year history, BOR has experienced one major dam failure, that of the Teton Dam in Madison County, Idaho (Figure 1.2)
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The Teton Dam failure, followed by the Kelly Barnes Dam failure in 1977, changed how BOR and the nation managed, inspected, and invested in dams. Since 1976, Reclamation has institutionalized a rigorous review of every major dam under its purview under the congressionally authorized safety of dams program.
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From page 21... ...
assigned to further the risk analysis processes for dam safety. The risk cadre developed a consistent risk analysis methodology, developed toolboxes of methodologies for dam loading probability and consequences, and trained others in risk analysis, with the objective of continually improving the organization's risk analysis procedures.
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, Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization, and Protection, was issued. It established national policy for federal departments and agencies to identify and prioritize United States critical infrastructure and key resources and protect them from terrorist attacks.
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1) Under this directive, Reclamation and other federal agencies are required to • Identify, prioritize, and coordinate the protection of critical infra structure and key resources in order to prevent, deter, and mitigate the effects of deliberate efforts to destroy, incapacitate, or exploit them; • Work with state and local governments and the private sector to accomplish this objective; • Ensure that homeland security programs do not diminish the overall economic security of the United States; • Appropriately protect information associated with carrying out this directive, including handling voluntarily provided information and information that would facilitate terrorist targeting of critical infrastructure and key resources; • Conduct or facilitate vulnerability assessments of their infra structure; and • Encourage risk management strategies to protect against and mitigate the effects of attacks against critical infrastructure and key resources.
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From page 24... ...
The Interagency Forum on Infrastructure Protection included the Army Corps of E ngineers, Tennessee Valley Authority, Bonneville Power Administration, Western Area Power Administrations, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Sandia National Laboratories, Association of State Dam Safety Officials, and others.
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From page 25... ...
Two years later, in 2005, Reclamation's security program was reviewed by the Program Integrity Division of DOI's Office of the Inspector General. The review focused on whether Reclamation had implemented an adequate security program for its dams, particularly at the five NCI sites and other major dams, and whether funds appropriated for dam security had been properly expended.10 The performance of one element of Reclamation's security program, site security, was reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
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The members of this multidisciplinary committee have broad and substantial experience and expertise in physical security, law enforcement, threat assessment and mitigation, risk analysis, dam safety, civil engineering, and emergency response. They have worked in government, academia, and the private sector.
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The committee also notes that this report covers only the Bureau of Reclamation, although there are many other owners and operators of large dams in the United States, including USACE, the Tennessee Valley Authority, other federal agencies, states and localities, water and power authorities, and private sector corporations that must grapple with similar security challenges and find ways to overcome them. The committee could not extend its investigations beyond the security issues faced by the Bureau of Reclamation.
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From page 28... ...
2003b. Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7, Critical Infrastructure Identification, Priori tization and Protection.
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