Tackling Marine Debris in the 21st Century (2009) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E: Management of Waste and Derelict Fishing Gear
Appendix E: Management of Waste and Derelict Fishing Gear
Pages 193-206
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From page 193... ...
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New Hampshire OBJECTIVE Summarize the generally accepted state-of-the-art plastics disposal technologies that may have application to the management of waste fish ing gear. INTRODUCTION The fishing gear waste stream comprises both nonoperational or oth erwise unwanted gear that fishermen wish to dispose of and derelict fishing gear (DFG)
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From page 194... ...
; however, this appendix specifically focuses on manage ment of waste fishing gear. After a brief discussion of the composition of fishing gear and waste management, various management and disposal technologies (other than landfilling)
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From page 195... ...
b Scale: 3 = Excellent, proven technology currently in operation and taking waste fishing gear; 2 = Pilot/demonstration technology only in the United States and claims to be able to take waste fishing gear; 1 = Pilot/demonstration technology and ability to accept waste fishing gear unknown. c Scale: 5 = Extremely feasible (in existence)
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From page 196... ...
. WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCHY The Environmental Protection Agency has developed a waste man agement hierarchy (Figure E.1)
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From page 197... ...
While carpet and car seat fibers did not work successfully in asphalt pavement, fishing nets did. The fibers from the fishing nets could be uniformly and consistently incorporated into the asphalt mixture without segregation or introduction of excessive air voids (Labib and Maher, 1999)
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From page 198... ...
; this included 10 tons of mixed unsorted marine debris, primarily DFG, collected in Dutch Harbor, Alaska, with a tipping fee (cost to customer) of approximately $60 per ton (Bob King, personal com munication)
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From page 199... ...
In the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, the fishing gear collected as a part of the Ghost Net Identification study was combusted with energy recovery at Honolulu Power (HPower) , operated by Covanta.
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For a WTE facility to remain cost effective, it needs a steady stream of waste to operate and create electricity. Because of the investment in air pollution control systems, which can be large and expensive, facilities taking small amounts of waste are not likely to be economically feasible, nor are those located in remote areas without consistent waste material inputs.
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. The gasification process utilizes molten bath technology to pro duce syngas (primarily carbon monoxide and hydrogen)
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Pyrolysis requires an energy input and must produce net energy for economically feasible and sustainable operation. With the price of oil con tinuing to rise, the conversion of plastics to fuel is quickly evolving into an applicable technology.
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Plasma Arc Furnace and Vitrification Plasma arc heaters are electric arc heaters (need electrical energy) that include the presence of an ionized gas (plasma)
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. While commercial tech nology is available for treatment of wastes with energy input, plasma arc is being investigated for waste treatment with energy recovery as well.
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. Just like the evaluations for plasma arc facilities taking place currently (e.g., Florida)
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From page 206... ...
2005. Marine Debris of the Northwestern ������ Hawaiian Islands: Ghost Net Identification.
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