Science as a Gateway to Understanding International Workshop Proceedings, Tehran, Iran (2008) / Chapter Skim
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3 The Innovation Ecology--William Wulf
3 The Innovation Ecology--William Wulf
Pages 15-24
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From page 15... ...
and other reports have made recommendations to improve the climate for innovation in the United States, and by inference, internationally. However, many components of an "ecology" of interacting laws, regulations, policies, and institutions are not mentioned in the report -- the intellectual property system, a broad tax policy that encourages investment, and a culture that encourages risk taking, among others.
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From page 16... ...
Laws and regulations must protect the public while simultaneously encouraging experimentation through tax laws that support and reward investment and intellectual property (IP) laws that adequately and appropriately protect intellectual property.
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Clearly, intellectual property protection is important as a component of the innovation system, so let's address copyright. The very idea of a prohibition on "copying" as the mechanism of protecting some intellectual property does not make sense for many twenty-first century technologies.
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At the level of the machine, there is no way to distinguish between the two. The concept of prohibiting copying as a means of protecting intellectual property makes sense when artistic or literary expressions are on physical pieces of paper.
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Isn't it ironic? A procedure created to ensure safety and efficacy is, in fact, preventing access to what my friend claims is effective therapy.
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Take the company Microsoft as an example. Microsoft has a monopoly, but a few years ago the courts supported Microsoft when the government tried to enforce antitrust laws.
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Accordingly, our solution must involve a process by which we are able to periodically stand back and evaluate the intent and methods of implementation for intellectual property protection, import/export control, and antitrust laws. In other words, what we need is not just a set of changes to patents, copyrights, and so on, but an institutionalized process for renewal that is also relevant to the formation of laws and regulations.
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From page 22... ...
Hydari Khajehpour: Most of the activities which you have described are more or less related to the private aspect of innovation, including the property rights of innovators and the legal aspects of those rights. I would mention a point that has been almost overlooked in the United States, in other western countries, and nowadays in developing countries such as India and Iran; namely, public compensation for invention and discovery.
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From page 23... ...
When Louis Pasteur introduced his vaccine against rabies, he gave shots to a child named Joseph Meister without going through the usual preparatory steps before administering shots. In other words, Pasteur did something completely inappropriate that he should never have done -- even in his time it was recognized as an incorrect technique.
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From page 24... ...
REFERENCES National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine.
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