Observing Weather and Climate from the Ground Up A Nationwide Network of Networks (2009) / Chapter Skim
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5 Architecture for a Network of Networks
5 Architecture for a Network of Networks
Pages 130-137
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From page 130... ...
with other networks or even within their own network. The current state of surface networks in the United States is an u ncoordinated set of local or regional deployments.
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From page 131... ...
Current surface observation systems in the United States are quite numerous, as discussed in Chapter 2. Many of these networks result from some form of public enterprise, but the private-sector operates numerous networks as well.
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From page 132... ...
networks and the Helsinki testbed is the emphasis on multiple users and urban systems. CONCEPTUAL ARCHITECTURE OF A NATIONAL MESOSCALE OBSERVING SYSTEM The concept of surface and subsurface measurement networks has been developing ad hoc, and the prognosis suggests rapid growth, especially aided by communication technology, customer demand, and the thirst of mesoscale models for data.
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From page 133... ...
Another important feature within the architecture is the link to data assimilation and numerical models that may produce atmospheric structure on scales considerably smaller than the observational density. The various user sectors are accommodated in the architecture by its ability to support multiple sectors such as energy security, health, transportation, and homeland security.
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From page 134... ...
The network architecture will also describe the lower-level attributes for the instruments, including communication and calibration protocols, siting standards, instrument metadata standards, and procedures for adding new instruments. Similarly, observations and customer needs will prescribe the requirements for data bandwidth and storage, whereas the architecture will prescribe the level of redundancy.
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From page 135... ...
of limited size and near-surface location can escape detection or be only poorly resolved by the current low-density network of weather radars. Collaborative and adaptive sensing and related technologies can efficiently enhance the detection and monitoring of adverse weather for hazard mitigation and other applications, particularly for convective scales and in complex terrain and coastal and urban environments.
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From page 136... ...
Increased spatial resolution is afforded by the short distances involved, substantial overlap between radars, reduction of random errors, and redundancy against instrument or communication failure. The above features should lead to improved accuracy of the fast-responding urban watershed by better locating heavy rainfall areas vis-a-vis the urban drainage patterns and infrastructure.
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From page 137... ...
For example, a USGEO Working Group on Architecture and Data Management is developing a "Service Oriented Architecture" (SOA) , an underlying structure that will support communications based upon loosely coupled connections among independent programs to create a scalable, extensible, interoperable, reliable, and secure framework. These attributes are similar to those of the Mesobs architecture for a NoN outlined above, except that we propose a comprehensive closed loop architecture that enables user feedback to the observing system.
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