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From page 329... ... appendix C Supplementary Information on Composition and Components of Gestational Weight Gain Tables C-1 through C-6 summarize literature and data that are referenced and/or support the discussion in Chapter 3, Composition and Components of Gestational Weight Gain: Physiology and Metabolism. Read the entire page →
From page 330... ... STUDIES ON COMPOSITION AND COMPONENTS OF GESTATIONAL 330 GAIN: PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM TABLE C-1A Maternal Weight Gain in Singleton Pregnancies (by trimester and total weight gain) Weight Gain by Trimester Study Population Description Characteristics Study Criteria 1st 2nd 3rd Total Weight Gain Author, Total Study N: By ethnicity: year: 10,418 Hispanic 0.15 kg/wk 0.54 kg/wk 0.54 kg/wk Abrams White 0.19 kg/wk 0.58 kg/wk 0.52 kg/wk et al., 1995 Black 0.21 kg/wk 0.52 kg/wk 0.49 kg/wk Asian 0.11 kg/wk 0.56 kg/wk 0.52 kg/wk Country: Other 0.14 kg/wk 0.56 kg/wk 0.52 kg/wk USA By BMI: Low BMI 0.15 kg/wk 0.57 kg/wk 0.49 kg/wk Ideal BMI 0.18 kg/wk 0.58 kg/wk 0.53 kg/wk High BMI 0.18 kg/wk 0.51 kg/wk 0.51 kg/wk Obese 0.14 kg/wk 0.41 kg/wk 0.49 kg/wk By fetal size: SGA 0.13 kg/wk 0.48 kg/wk 0.48 kg/wk AGA 0.17 kg/wk 0.56 kg/wk 0.52 kg/wk LGA 0.22 kg/wk 0.62 kg/wk 0.57 kg/wk Author, Total Study N: 2.1 kg 7.7 kg 6.6 kg 16.7 kg year: 2,994 Abrams and Group Selvin, 1995 Description: Country: White non-obese USA women Read the entire page →
From page 331... ... Author, Total Study N: Preterm deliveries 11 kg (0.33 kg/wk) year: 2,163 (n = 118) Read the entire page →
From page 332... ... TABLE C-1A Continued 332 Weight Gain by Trimester Study Population Description Characteristics Study Criteria 1st 2nd 3rd Total Weight Gain Author, Total Study N: Women with GDM 12.6 kg year: 390 (n = 78) Catalano Controls (n = 312) Read the entire page →
From page 333... ... Author, Total Study N: Pregravid BMI: Hispanic: White: Black: Asian: year: 985 Underweight (n = 266) 12.1 kg 12.6 kg 13.5 kg 12.1 kg Gunderson Normal (n = 595) Read the entire page →
From page 334... ... TABLE C-1A Continued 334 Weight Gain by Trimester Study Population Description Characteristics Study Criteria 1st 2nd 3rd Total Weight Gain Author, Total Study N: Adolescents (n = 123) 15.4 kg year: 272 Adults (n = 149) Read the entire page →
From page 335... ... Author, Total Study N: Pregravid weight/height: year: 145 75%-90% ideal weight 16 kg Loris et al., (n = 25) Group 1985 91%-110% ideal weight 18 kg Description: (n = 68) Read the entire page →
From page 336... ... TABLE C-1A Continued 336 Weight Gain by Trimester Study Population Description Characteristics Study Criteria 1st 2nd 3rd Total Weight Gain Author, Total Study N: Birth weight: year: 459 < 3,000 g (n = 88) 0.50 kg/wk 13.8 kg Rees et al., Group 3,000-4,000 g (n = 274) Read the entire page →
From page 337... ... Author, Total Study N: Prepregnant relative weight year: 696 (% ideal) : Scholl et al., Underweight, < 90% 14.5 kg Group 1988 (n = 183) Read the entire page →
From page 338... ... TABLE C-1A Continued 338 Weight Gain by Trimester Study Population Description Characteristics Study Criteria 1st 2nd 3rd Total Weight Gain Author, Total Study N: Preterm deliveries 1.4 kg 0.51 kg/wk 0.50 kg/wk year: 9,651 (n = 517) Siega-Riz Term deliveries (n = 7,072) Read the entire page →
From page 339... ... Author, Total Study N: 9.9 kg year: 46,659 Takimoto, Group 2006* Description: Country: Low risk Japan deliveries Author, Total Study N: BMI < 18 (n = 493) Read the entire page →
From page 340... ... 340 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY TABLE C-1B Maternal Weight Gain in Singleton Pregnancies (by percent of BMI and gain category) Study Population Weight Gain (percent Description Characteristics Weight/BMI Category of n) Read the entire page →
From page 341... ... APPENDIX C 341 TABLE C-1B Continued Study Population Weight Gain (percent Description Characteristics Weight/BMI Category of n) Author, Total Study N: Gain of less than 0.9 kg: year: 120,170 BMI 30-34.9 3% Kiel et al., BMI 35-39.9 8% Group 2007* Read the entire page →
From page 342... ... 342 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY TABLE C-1B Continued Study Population Weight Gain (percent Description Characteristics Weight/BMI Category of n) Author, Total Study N: Low and Normal BMIs Gain of < 0.27 kg/wk: year: 15,101 11% Stotland Gain of 0.27-0.52 kg/wk: et al., 68.2% 2006* Read the entire page →
From page 343... ... TABLE C-2 Maternal Weight Gain in Twin and Triplet Pregnancies (by trimester and total weight gain) Weight Gain by Trimester Total Author (Year) Read the entire page →
From page 344... ... TABLE C-2 Continued 344 Weight Gain by Trimester Total Author (Year) Population Characteristics Study Criteria 1st 2nd 3rd Weight Gain Author, year: Total Study N: BMI Categories: Lantz et al., 1996 163 Overall 14.7 kg < 19.8 17.7 kg Country: Group Description: 19.8-26.0 15.6 kg USA White women (n = 112) Read the entire page →
From page 345... ... Author, year: Total Study N: Ideal outcomea (n = 148) 20.3 kg Luke and Leurgans, 924 Non-ideal outcome 18.6 kg 1996 (n = 776) Read the entire page →
From page 346... ... TABLE C-2 Continued 346 Weight Gain by Trimester Total Author (Year) Population Characteristics Study Criteria 1st 2nd 3rd Weight Gain Triplets Author, year: Total Study N: Prepregnancy BMI: Median: Eddib et al., 2007 56 < 19.8 (n = 5) Read the entire page →
From page 347... ... TABLE C-3A Summary of Adjusted and Unadjusted* Rates of Maternal Weight Gain by Trimesters, by Pregravid BMI Status for Mothers of Twins at Gestational Ages 37-42 Wk, and with Average Twin Birth weight > 2,500 g Rates of Weight Gain 2-13 wks 14-26 wks 27-delivery Pregravid BMI kg/wk lb/wk kg/wk lb/wk kg/wk lb/wk Normal weighta (n = 409) Read the entire page →
From page 348... ... TABLE C-3B Summary of Adjusted and Unadjusted* Cumulative Gain by Trimesters, by Pregravid BMI Status for 348 Mothers of Twins at Gestational Ages 37-42 Wk, and with Average Twin Birth weight > 2,500 g Cumulative Weight Gain To 13 wks To 26 wks To 37-42 wks Pregravid BMI kg/wk lb/wk kg/wk lb/wk kg/wk lb/wk Normal weighta (n = 409) Read the entire page →
From page 349... ... APPENDIX C 349 TABLE C-3C Interquartile Ranges of Rates of Maternal Weight Gain by Trimesters, by Pregravid BMI Status for Mothers of Twins at Gestational Ages 37-42 Weeks, and with Average Twin Birth weight > 2,500 g Rates of Weight Gain 2-13 wks 14-26 wks 27-delivery Pregravid BMI kg/wk lb/wk kg/wk lb/wk kg/wk lb/wk Normal weighta 0.12-0.49 0.27-1.07 0.64-0.94 1.40-2.06 0.50-0.83 1.09-1.83 (n = 409) Overweightb 0.03-0.39 0.06-0.85 0.57-0.87 1.25-1.91 0.42-0.81 0.92-1.79 (n = 154) Read the entire page →
From page 350... ... 350 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY TABLE C-4 Maternal Weight Gain and Body Composition Body Composition Author Population/Study Measurements (FFM, (Year) Characteristics Study Criteria FM, TBW) Read the entire page →
From page 351... ... APPENDIX C 351 Weight Gain/Body Composition by Total Postpartum Trimester Pregravid Weight/ Weight Weight/Body Body Comp 1st 2nd 3rd Gain Composition 75.7 kg 79.9 kg 9 wks 22 wks 36 wks 49.9 kg 51.9 kg 57.7 kg 63.0 kg 15.0 kg 59.3 kg 60.2 kg 65.1 kg 72.2 kg 14.5 kg 77.3 kg 81.8 kg 85.8 kg 93.8 kg 17.9 kg 28.7 kg 28.7 kg 32.2 kg 34.7 kg 32.0 kg 31.6 kg 34.1 kg 38.7 kg 35.6 kg 35.7 kg 37.9 kg 42.8 kg 39.0 kg 39.6 kg 42.6 kg 46.9 kg 43.1 kg 43.0 kg 46.0 kg 51.4 kg 47.8 kg 48.9 kg 51.0 kg 56.9 kg 10.9 kg 12.4 kg 15.1 kg 16.1 kg 16.8 kg 17.2 kg 19.1 kg 21.0 kg 309 kg 33.0 kg 34.8 kg 37.0 kg 11.6 kg 11.0 kg 14.1 kg 0.40 kg/wk 0.37 kg/wk 0.45 kg/wk continued Read the entire page →
From page 352... ... 352 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY TABLE C-4 Continued Body Composition Author Population/Study Measurements (FFM, (Year) Characteristics Study Criteria FM, TBW) Read the entire page →
From page 353... ... APPENDIX C 353 Weight Gain/Body Composition by Total Postpartum Trimester Pregravid Weight/ Weight Weight/Body Body Comp 1st 2nd 3rd Gain Composition 12-14 wks 34-36 wks Weight: Weight: 59.2 kg 60.5 kg 71.6 kg 56.5 kg 59.9 kg 70.0 kg FFM: FFM: 46.4 kg 53.4 kg 46.8 kg 53.6 kg FM: FM: 14.1 kg 18.2 kg 13.2 kg 16.5 kg Sum of Sum of 7 site 7 site skinfolds: skinfold: 93.5 mm 108.9 mm 89.0 mm 109.8mm FM gain 56.2 kg 12.3 kg 4.7 kg 67.6 kg 13.0 kg 4.2 kg 69.7 kg 12.0 kg 3.2 kg 66.3 kg 13.7 kg 4.8 kg 32 wks: 2 wks pp: 67.4 kg 79.3 kg 18.1 kg 73.5 kg 22.6 kg 27.0 kg 3.9 kg 26.7 kg 44.6 kg continued Read the entire page →
From page 354... ... 354 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY TABLE C-4 Continued Body Composition Author Population/Study Measurements (FFM, (Year) Characteristics Study Criteria FM, TBW) Read the entire page →
From page 355... ... APPENDIX C 355 Weight Gain/Body Composition by Total Postpartum Trimester Pregravid Weight/ Weight Weight/Body Body Comp 1st 2nd 3rd Gain Composition 8-10 wks 24-26 wks 34-36 wks 4-6 wks 64.7 kg 64.9 kg 72.1 kg 75.9 kg 68.0 kg 33.5 kg 33.9 kg 36.5 kg 39.1 kg 33.8 kg 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.72 2525 g -- -- -- 2463 g 46.3 kg 46.7 kg 49.7 kg 52.8 kg 46.7 kg 20.2 kg 20.3 kg 24.4 kg 24.3 kg 22.0 kg -- 0.19 kg 7.23 kg 3.76 kg 11.2 kg -- -- 0.10 kg 4.10 kg -0.10 kg 4.20 kg -- -- 53.00 57.00 -3.00 -- -- Fat gain: 63.4 kg 4.8 kg 12.60 kg 0.6 kg 7.90 kg 6.0 kg 12.60 kg 6.9 kg 16.10 kg 3.9 kg 12.2 kg 1.3 kg 8.60 kg 3.8 kg 12.1 kg 6.0 kg 15.2 kg 2.8 kg 11.0 kg 0.3 kg 8.50 kg 2.8 kg 9.10 kg 4.2 kg 13.6 kg 0.2 kg 8.70 kg -5.2kg 3.20 kg -0.6kg 6.9 kg 3.1 kg 12.0 kg Week 14 Week 32 2 wk pp: 66.6 kg 68.4 kg 77.3 kg 16.7 kg 71.5 kg 31.5 kg 32.5 kg 38.1 kg 33.6 kg 43.9 kg 44.9 kg 51.0 kg 45.7 kg 22.7 kg 23.5 kg 26.3 kg 25.8 kg continued Read the entire page →
From page 356... ... 356 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY TABLE C-4 Continued Body Composition Author Population/Study Measurements (FFM, (Year) Characteristics Study Criteria FM, TBW) Read the entire page →
From page 357... ... APPENDIX C 357 Weight Gain/Body Composition by Total Postpartum Trimester Pregravid Weight/ Weight Weight/Body Body Comp 1st 2nd 3rd Gain Composition 12-14 wks 34-36 wks 71.4 kg 73.2 kg 84.1 kg 78.2 kg 79.6 kg 89.5 kg 49.4 kg 50.1 kg 55.2 kg 51.7 kg 52.1 kg 56.8 kg 22.0 kg 23.1 kg 28.9 kg 26.5 kg 27.5 kg 32.7 kg 15-16 wks 34-35 wks 59.7 kg 61.6 kg 68.3 kg 46.6 kg 50.8 kg 15.0 kg 17.50 kg 61.7 kg 63.9 kg 69.6 kg 47.8 kg 51.2 kg 16.1 kg 18.3 kg Read the entire page →
From page 358... ... TABLE C-5 Mean Weights and Percentiles for Placentas (singletons, twins, and triplets) 358 90th Percentile Mean Placental Weight 10th Percentile Cases (n) Read the entire page →
From page 359... ... TABLE C-6 DNA, Glycogen, and Lipid Content in Placentas from Normal and Diabetic Human Pregnancies Placental Lipid Placental DNA Placental Glycogen Triglycerides Placental Weight (g/total (mg/mg (g/total (µmol/mg (mmol/total Pregnancy (g) Read the entire page →
From page 360... ... 360 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY REFERENCES Abrams B Read the entire page →
From page 361... ... APPENDIX C 361 Fenton T Read the entire page →
From page 362... ... 362 WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY Luke B., J Minogue and H Read the entire page →
From page 363... ... APPENDIX C 363 Siega-Riz A Read the entire page →

From page 329...

... appendix C Supplementary Information on Composition and Components of Gestational Weight Gain Tables C-1 through C-6 summarize literature and data that are referenced and/or support the discussion in Chapter 3, Composition and Components of Gestational Weight Gain: Physiology and Metabolism.