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PROSPECTS FOR RUSSIA-U.S. COOPERATION IN THE AREA OF NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PROBLEMS ARISING FROM A NUCLEAR POWER RENAISSANCE
Pages 145-150

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From page 145...
... Avrorin, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics Recent years have demonstrated global changes in attitudes toward nuclear power. Russia and the United States put forward important initiatives concerning global nuclear power development (International Project on Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles, Generation IV International Forum [GIF]
From page 146...
... But we forget that the first atomic bombs were built on either side of the ocean long before nuclear power came into being. Nuclear power seems to be the most expensive and irrational way to nuclear weapons.
From page 147...
... Radioactivity which would accumulate with time due to operation would protect these stations against intrusion and theft, but during the start-up period this barrier would be absent. Why do countries developing nuclear power aim to have a complete nuclear fuel cycle?
From page 148...
... safeguards must produce a generally recognized, all-embracing list of verification and protection measures required for nuclear power development. The costs of these measures must not be a liability of countries developing nuclear power.
From page 149...
... actions by nuclear powers, the first by the United States and Russia. These actions need to be implemented at different levels including: • intergovernmental • lab-to-lab • bilateral expert groups • scientific exchanges • International Science and Technology Center projects • joint participation in IAEA inspections and other verification measures Competition in the market for nuclear technology and equipment must proceed within the framework of unified non-proliferation standards, including criteria to identify hazardous technologies, requirements for exported reactors, an all-embracing list of verification and protection measures for importing countries, nuclear fuel supply conditions, the status of international enrichment and recycle centers, and the status of a nuclear fuel reserve.
From page 150...
... • methods to quantitatively assess proliferation risks for various nuclear power options • improvement of technical means for nuclear materials protection, control, and accounting • long-lived product transmutation methods • radioactive waste immobilization and disposal methods One of the most important tasks in the cooperation is skill formation, including joint development of programs to train nuclear power specialists, development of training aids, and the exchange of students and postgraduates.


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