Ensuring the Integrity, Accessibility, and Stewardship of Research Data in the Digital Age (2009) / Chapter Skim
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Even as these new capabilities are expanding the power and reach of research, they are raising complex issues for researchers, research institutions, research sponsors, professional societies, and journals. Digital technologies can complicate the process of verifying the accuracy and validity of research data, in part because of the enormous rate at which data can be generated and the intricate processing those data undergo.
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The report then explores the implications of these three central principles for the various components of the research enterprise. Developing the policies, standards, and infrastructure needed to ensure the integrity, accessibility, and stewardship of research data is a critically important task. It will require sustained effort on the part of all stakeholders in the research enterprise.
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Since these individuals and institutions will continue to play a critical role in ensuring the integrity of research data, it is important that they adapt their procedures in order to function effectively in the digital age. The most effective method for ensuring the integrity of research data is to ensure high standards for openness and transparency.
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Consequently, this report affirms the following general principle for ensuring the integrity of research data: Data Integrity Principle: Ensuring the integrity of research data is essential for advancing scientific, engineering, and medical knowledge and for maintaining public trust in the research enterprise. Although other stakeholders in the research enterprise have important roles to play, researchers themselves are ultimately responsible for ensuring the integrity of research data.
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Recommendation 3: The research enterprise and its stakeholders -- research institutions, research sponsors, professional societies, journals, and individual r esearchers -- should develop and disseminate professional standards for ensuring the integrity of research data and for ensuring adherence to these standards. In areas where standards differ between fields, it is important that differences be clearly defined and explained.
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Recommendation 5: All researchers should make research data, methods, and other information integral to their publicly reported results publicly accessible in a timely manner to allow verification of published findings and to enable other researchers to build on published results, except in unusual cases in which there are compelling reasons for not releasing data. In these cases, researchers should explain in a publicly accessible manner why the data are being withheld from release.
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Recommendation 6: In research fields that currently lack standards for sharing research data, such standards should be developed through a process that involves researchers, research institutions, research sponsors, professional societies, journals, representatives of other research fields, and representatives of public interest organizations, as appropriate for each particular field. If researchers are to make data accessible, they need to work in an environment that promotes data sharing and openness.
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Data stewardship must start at the beginning of the project, not partway through or at the end of the project. Recommendation 9: Researchers should establish data management plans at the beginning of each research project that include appropriate provisions for the stewardship of research data.
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federal government, a recent report by the Interagency Working Group on Digital Data explores the needs for preservation and dissemination of publicly funded research data. At the nongovernmental level, the National Research Council recently established a new Board on Research Data and Information that will address emerging issues in the management, policy, and use of research data at the national and international levels.
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