Sustaining Global Surveillance and Response to Emerging Zoonotic Diseases (2009) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 17-26
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 17... ...
. CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE Statement of Task The Committee on Achieving Sustainable Global Capacity for Surveillance and Response to Emerging Diseases of Zoonotic Origin was convened 1 A zoonotic disease or infection is transmissible between animals and humans.
|
From page 18... ...
FIGURE 1-1 Emerging infectious disease events detected from 1940 to 2004. The map is derived for disease events caused by all pathogen types.
|
From page 19... ...
This included a review of the diseases that have emerged in the past several decades and the drivers associated with their emergence and reemergence; a review of the current state of existing global disease surveillance systems for zoonotic disease; and an examination of policy and regulatory options to mitigate or decrease the threat of zoonotic diseases globally. The committee was also asked to recommend ways to strengthen and improve coordination of the human and animal health systems and the mechanisms that govern them to achieve sustainable and timely disease surveillance worldwide that could improve the prevention of and response to these disease threats (see Box 1-1 for the Statement of Task)
|
From page 20... ...
At the data-gathering workshop, invited speakers and experts discussed aspects of building capacity for disease surveillance and response to emerging zoonotic diseases. Speakers and participants included representatives from international organizations, U.S.
|
From page 21... ...
INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT FOR ZOONOTIC DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE An important development in the past decade, driven by the emergence of HPAI H5N1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) , has been a transformation in how governments, international governmental organizations, and nongovernmental actors think about emerging zoonotic disease surveillance and response capacities.
|
From page 22... ...
The formal legal obligations that countries have to report emerging human and animal infectious disease events are only one part of the international institutional frameworks that guide the behavior of actors at the global level; also important are the set of informal norms, rules, and expectations they share. Because the economic, political, military, or even moral power relationships between nations are commonly asymmetric, it is essential to have international governance structures in place to limit the impact of the hierarchy of power among the participating nations, particularly if global public goods3 -- that is shared objectives for the good of all -- are ever to receive support over more narrow national interests.
|
From page 23... ...
INTRODUCTION BOX 1-2 International Institutions and Actors WHO: The World Health Organization (WHO) , created by the United Nations (UN)
|
From page 24... ...
Chapter 7 describes the governance mechanisms, processes, and innovations the committee deems critical to strengthening disease surveillance and response capabilities for human and animal health. Finally, Chapter 8 provides recommendations for sustaining global surveillance and response to zoonotic diseases and also examines some possible challenges that will need to be overcome in effectively implementing and strengthening efforts to protect human and animal health.
|
From page 25... ...
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. WHO (World Health Organization)
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.