Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops (2009) / Chapter Skim
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On Efforts to Counter International Terrorism in the Russian Federation and Possible Areas of U.S.-Russian Cooperation in this Area--Valentin A. Sobolev
On Efforts to Counter International Terrorism in the Russian Federation and Possible Areas of U.S.-Russian Cooperation in this Area--Valentin A. Sobolev
Pages 247-256
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From page 247... ...
• Material-technical and financial support -- Terrorists' resources have evolved from the dagger and the pistol to colossal explosions and the possible use of weapons of mass destruction; from modest financial resources to funds in the millions, obtained through the laundering of criminal proceeds and through sponsorship support from religious and nationalist organizations. • National and transnational scales of terrorist activities -- Terrorism is moving from crimes in a single location to the seizure of entire cities, countries, or regions.
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From page 248... ...
Absolutely analogous to the training camps in Afghanistan and Pakistan, training bases for fighters, including individuals from many foreign countries, were operating in the Chechen Republic from 1994 through 1999. Meanwhile the spiritual leader of the Chechen bandits, Zelimkhan Yandarbiev, was a frequent guest of the Afghan Taliban leadership, receiving ideological and material support.
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From page 249... ...
It must be recognized that in the three-and-one-half years since the terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington, D.C., the world community has done a great deal to establish effective partnership in countering international terrorism. An international antiterrorist coalition has been formed.
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From page 250... ...
Second, conservatively inclined military officers, representatives of the special services, and the military industry are supposedly secretly supplying other countries with WMD components or technologies that are prohibited for export. Since the moment that the Russian Federation appeared as a state, no instance of the disappearance of even one gram of weapons-grade uranium or plutonium has been recorded.
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From page 251... ...
Russian Federal Security Service Director Nikolai Patrushev and the FBI director signed a memorandum on cooperation between the special services of the two countries in the fight against international terrorism and the spread of weapons of mass destruction, along with a number of other agreements. I would now like to say a few words about the state system for countering terrorism in Russia.
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From page 252... ...
The positive results achieved in stabilizing the situation in Chechnya and disrupting the centralized command structure of the bandit formations made it possible to move in 2003 to the third stage, which involved counterterrorist operations. The focus of actions was shifted to the law enforcement sphere.
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From page 253... ...
Plans call for radically changing the procedures for cooperation among all agencies involved in the struggle against terrorism, expanding their powers, and instituting accountability for failure to take measures to prevent terrorist acts. Also planned are increased criminal penalties for aiding terrorists and financing their activities and heightened controls over the production, sale, and use of explosives and weapons.
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From page 254... ...
• preventing terrorist organizations from gaining access to technologies and materials necessary to create weapons of mass destruction and preparing to eliminate the consequences of terrorist acts that might entail mass casualties among the population • creating a national emergency response system Regarding bilateral cooperation between our countries, I would highlight the following areas in which we should join forces first: • timely detection and prevention of terrorist acts • efforts to counter and operationally respond to emergency situations caused by the possible use of nuclear, biological, and chemical materials (this could also include wide-scale attacks in the information and communications sphere) • the struggle against financing and other assistance for carrying out terrorist acts • exchange of information, experience, and technologies and unification of standards in all spheres -- legal, scientific, technological, and others • study of the roots of terrorism's origins and of the organization of terrorists' motivational and ideological work on citizens and efforts to counter such phenomena I would like to note that international terrorists have neither nationality nor religion.
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From page 255... ...
COUNTERING URBAN TERRORISM 255 Of course, the aspects of antiterrorist activities that I have presented do not fully cover the entire range of problems associated with the study of terrorism, a range that will likely be augmented significantly from discussions at this workshop. In conclusion, I would like to express my confidence that the joining of efforts by scientists from the national academies of the United States and Russia to address these problems will be fruitful and to wish you success in this difficult but extremely important and responsible endeavor.
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