Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops (2009) / Chapter Skim
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Efforts of Russian Ministries in Implementing Measures to Prevent Acts of Terrorism--Sergey G. Vasin
Efforts of Russian Ministries in Implementing Measures to Prevent Acts of Terrorism--Sergey G. Vasin
Pages 257-268
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From page 257... ...
entities for fighting terrorism -- specially empowered agencies of state power, including security and internal affairs agencies, units of the Ministry of Defense, and the Russian Federal Protective Service 2. entities for countering terrorism -- federal agencies of state power, executive branch agencies of Russian Federation members, local self-government bodies, organizations, and public associations involved to the extent of their competency in efforts to counter terrorism 3.
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From page 258... ...
, On State Protection, On the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, On the State Protection of Judges and Officials of Law Enforcement and Control Agencies, On Private Detective and Security Activities in the Russian Federation, On the Federal Security Service, and On the Countering of Extremist Activities; the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation; the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation; the Code on Administrative Violations of the Russian Federation; the Civil Code of the Russian Federation; the Federal Constitutional Law on Military Status; and generally recognized principles and norms of international law and ratified international agreements on the fight against terrorism. These laws determine the legal and organizational foundations for the struggle against terrorism and extremism in the Russian Federation, procedures for the coordination of efforts to combat these phenomena on the part of federal executive-branch agencies, executive-branch agencies of Russian Federation members, public associations, organizations (regardless of their form of ownership)
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From page 259... ...
In addition, internal affairs agencies and the internal troops of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs are currently guided by the provisions of more than 10 international regulatory and legal acts under the auspices of the United Nations (UN) , the Council of Europe, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, which define the basic objectives and procedures for the interaction of competent agencies of the various states with regard to preventing, detecting, and suppressing crimes of a terrorist nature.
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From page 260... ...
Among the forms of interaction and interagency coordination among entities for countering terrorism are the following: • organization of board meetings and coordination conferences on problems involved in combating terrorism • activities under the auspices of joint operational headquarters, working groups, and investigations and operations brigades • exchange of information, including operations information, on the struggle against terrorism and on sources and channels of drug traffic to counter their illegal circulation and thus cut off sources of financing for terrorist organizations and acts • maintenance of a unified database on matters concerning the trade in drugs, psychotropic substances, and their precursors and on efforts to counter their illegal circulation (creation of the database was included in Decree 976 of the president of the Russian Federation, dated July 28, 2004, and entitled Questions of the Russian Federal Service for Control of the Drug Trade) • organization of joint operations to suppress terrorist activities • joint study and exchanges of personnel from specialized units related to the struggle against terrorism • joint planning and monitoring of relevant activities The main goal of this interaction is the formation of a complex and stably functioning interagency system for ensuring the comprehensive protection of all
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From page 261... ...
To improve the level of interaction among federal executive branch agencies, regional internal affairs departments, and other law enforcement organs with an interest in antiterrorist activities, the following actions would be useful: • continuing to exchange information with other law enforcement agencies on planned and committed terrorist acts and other illegal interference in the operations of industrial facilities, transport, elements of the information infrastructure, regional internal affairs agencies, and other law enforcements bodies • establishing the operational exchange of information with the Russian Federal Security Service on persons involved in or suspected of organizing attacks on transportation in the Russian Federation so that such persons may be listed in a timely manner on watch lists for the movement of various types of
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From page 262... ...
262 RUSSIAN VIEWS ON COUNTERING TERRORISM transport, relevant personnel may be notified, and the secret service apparatus alerted to the need for their detection and processing • improving the level of interaction with elements of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and its regional subunits in the exchange of information on lost and stolen blank passports with the aim of detecting persons participating in armed formations and committing terrorist acts and halting their illegal presence within the Russian Federation • regularly holding conferences, seminars, practical exercises, and training courses on the coordination of joint actions by internal affairs agency personnel on transport, at industrial and energy-sector facilities, and in places where large numbers of people gather in order to prevent, detect, and investigate acts of sabotage and terrorism • creating an information system common to the Russian Federal Security Service and other federal executive-branch agencies that would consolidate information on individuals and legal entities on which there is information regarding possible involvement in the financing of terrorist or extremist organizations, as well as those organizations in which the founders, leaders, and personnel are originally from the North Caucasus region or Central Asia • continuing efforts to detect and suppress channels by which large sums of cash are moved on various means of transport, including with the involvement of transport system personnel; conducting operational inspections in cooperation with the Russian Federal Security Service of commercial structures and organizations having financial and contractual relations with firms in regions that are unstable from a crime standpoint, including those organizations involved in shipping cargo to such regions Security agencies interact with • organizations that manage dangerous facilities and systems for the state accounting and control of dangerous substances, in the course of state monitoring of these facilities and systems • the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, in carrying out inspections of the physical protection of dangerous facilities • the Federal Security Service, in detecting and investigating cases of illegal access to dangerous materials The organization of interagency efforts is aimed at ensuring the effectiveness of activities and interagency cooperation among structural subunits of the antiterrorist entities in detecting terrorist and extremist groups, organizations, and societies and preventing them from committing crimes of a terrorist nature or extremist intent, as well as identifying and eliminating the causes and conditions promoting terrorist and extremist activities.
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From page 263... ...
COUNTERING URBAN TERRORISM 263 The organization of interactions among the subunits and regional branches of antiterrorist agencies in their conduct of joint operational-preventive operations and operational-search measures should be determined by departmental regulatory and legal acts, which should include as a top priority the task of uncovering terrorist activities. As part of the struggle against terrorism and within the bounds of their established competencies, subunits of the various entities involved in antiterrorist activities take part in intra-agency collaboration at all levels in the following main ways: • planning and conducting, jointly and independently, comprehensive operational-preventive measures and special operations to detect terrorist and extremist groups, organizations, and societies and prevent them from committing crimes of a terrorist nature or extremist aim, as well as detect and eliminate the causes and conditions that promote terrorist and extremist activities • engaging in a mutual informational exchange of data of interest to the entities involved in antiterrorist activities and directly associated with their performance of tasks and functions assigned to them by legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation • organizing efforts to monitor the activities of entities involved in antiterrorist activities regarding their compliance with Russian Federation legislation and departmental regulatory legal acts concerning the prevention of crimes of a terrorist nature or extremist aim • conducting joint hearings on the results of official operational activities • working in cooperation with interested structural subunits of the entities involved in antiterrorist activities to study, summarize, and disseminate the latest experience of internal affairs agencies and their structural subunits to prevent crimes of a terrorist nature and extremist aim • exchanging experience with the aim of improving the qualifications of personnel, including by holding joint seminars and conferences and working with research subunits to provide organizational-methodological support for the activities of entities involved in antiterrorist efforts to prevent crimes of a terrorist nature or extremist aim • participating in inspections and other checkups • rendering practical assistance to the subunits of entities involved in antiterrorist activities in conducting the most complex operational-search measures to prevent crimes of a terrorist nature or extremist aim • carrying out joint research on problems associated with antiterrorist and antiextremist activities In the interest of improving interagency cooperation, the following should be developed, implemented, and improved:
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From page 264... ...
The commission is also charged with coordinating the activities of federal executive-branch agencies waging the fight against terrorism. In organizing activities at the federal level within the framework of the Federal Antiterrorist Commission, executive-branch agencies do the following: • ensure the timely preparation of decisions by the president of the Russian Federation and the government of the Russian Federation on the most pressing problems in this sphere in cooperation with other interested entities involved in the struggle against terrorism • make proposals and recommendations on development of the foundations for state policy and the improvement of federal legislation on combating terrorism in the Russian Federation aimed at improving the effectiveness of efforts to uncover and eliminate causes and conditions promoting the rise of terrorism and the conduct of terrorist activities • ensure maximal use of the capabilities of federal executive-branch agencies involved within the scope of their competencies in uncovering, preventing, and suppressing terrorist activities • present informational and analytical materials on the status and development trends of terrorism in the Russian Federation and facilitate the formation of a unified approach by federal executive-branch agencies (within the scope of their competencies)
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From page 265... ...
Development of proposals on implementing the strategy of combating terrorism is the systemic and regular work of interagency commissions and the staff of the Security Council of the Russian Federation and involves the best intellectual and scientific forces in the country. If a single agency were to be formed to organize, be responsible for, and coordinate the work of all special services involved in the struggle against terrorism, it could be the primary executive-branch agency ensuring the practical implementation of decisions regarding the fight against terrorist manifestations throughout the Russian Federation.
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From page 266... ...
These efforts include the following federal structures: • the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, which tracks contacts between terrorist groups and bandit formations and representatives of foreign special services and organizations in the Russian Federation and handles overall coordination efforts on these matters • the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, which works to uncover possible support for terrorist groups and bandit formations on the part of official and private structures of foreign states • the Main Intelligence Administration of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, which is involved in uncovering channels of cooperation between terrorist groups and bandit formation and the military agencies of foreign states • the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, which identifies participants in terrorist groups and bandit formations, their places of deployment, and their sympathizers The coordinating role at this level of antiterrorist activity is assigned to the Federal Antiterrorist Commission of the Russian Federation. While implementing the entire range of antiterrorist measures, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation also undertakes comprehensive coordination of plans for antiterrorist measures conducted jointly with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Federal Protective Service, and the Ministry of Civil Defense Affairs and Emergency Situations and is responsible for providing timely information and developing practical recommendations to these agencies if complications arise in the operational situation.
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From page 267... ...
In the course of taking these measures, the agencies actively exchange information on the results they have achieved and present reports to the Russian Federal Security Service on their fulfillment of requirements regarding recommendations assigned to them for implementation. With the aim of working out all aspects of cooperation, joint regional training exercises are held each year under the auspices of the Federal Antiterrorist Commission, with the results being reported to a meeting of the commission involving the heads of all entities involved in antiterrorist activities.
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