Russian Views on Countering Terrorism During Eight Years of Dialogue Extracts from Proceedings of Four U.S.-Russian Workshops (2009) / Chapter Skim
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Organizational Measures and Decision Support Systems for Preventing and Responding to Terrorist Acts at Potentially Hazardous Facilities, on Transportation Systems, and in Locations Where Large Numbers of People Congregate--A. Yu. Kudrin, I. Zaporozhets, and S. A. Kachanov
Organizational Measures and Decision Support Systems for Preventing and Responding to Terrorist Acts at Potentially Hazardous Facilities, on Transportation Systems, and in Locations Where Large Numbers of People Congregate--A. Yu. Kudrin, I. Zaporozhets, and S. A. Kachanov
Pages 289-296
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From page 289... ...
Terrorists attempt to exert political pressure on government leaders, attract world public attention to certain problems, demand the liberation of arrested supporters of extremist groups and the end of persecution of terrorist organizations and their leaders by law enforcement agencies, advance economic demands, and so forth. As a rule, terrorists commit individual acts of an intentionally provocative nature, which may include threats of murder or the assassination of state and political figures; the seizure of hostages or potentially hazardous facilities; bombings; or the release of poisons, radioactive substances, or biologically active agents.
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From page 290... ...
Within the boundaries of specific jurisdictions, administrative agencies specially empowered to handle issues related to protecting the public and area from emergency situations, depending on the circumstances and scope of the predicted or actual situation, establish one of the following operating regimes for the subsystems of the unified state system for emergency management: • Standard daily operating regime: during normal production activities in the absence of any predictions of possible terrorist acts • Increased readiness regime: when possible terrorist acts are predicted at a facility • Emergency regime: when a terrorist act has been committed at a facility Basic measures involved in the standard daily operating regime are as follows:
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From page 291... ...
, radioactive substances, and biologically active agents • Training of personnel from EMERCOM specialized subunits and facility staff on actions to eliminate the consequences of terrorist acts, including victim assistance and use of technical means for containment, special processing techniques using equipment, and sanitary processing of individuals • Other matters aimed at preventing losses and reducing damage from a terrorist act in accordance with the specific characteristics of operations at each particular facility Basic measures involved in the increased readiness regime are as follows: • Assumption by the appropriate emergency commission of direct operational command of the emergency management system subunit functioning at the site of the terrorist act; formation of operations groups at the local level to ascertain the situation at the site of the terrorist act; and provision of effective assistance to facility staff and law enforcement personnel in dealing with the emergency
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From page 292... ...
or biological agents, or contaminated by radioactive substances • Evacuation of the public from the danger zone • Distribution of individual protective gear to victims (if necessary) • Provision of initial medical and paramedical assistance to victims • Execution of measures to eliminate the source of the emergency • Execution of measures to decontaminate the area; specially process individual protective gear, uniforms, and equipment; and provide sanitary processing for personnel involved in containing and eliminating the consequences of terrorist acts in which dangerous chemicals (poisons)
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From page 293... ...
Technical measures are developed with the aim of supporting the normal functioning of a facility under its regular daily operating regime, during threats, and during actual emergencies. These measures are implemented using engineering and technical means: design and structural elements; barriers; blocking devices and mechanisms; security, fire alarm, and warning systems; systems for monitoring and management of facility security and critical operations; loudspeakers and other means of notification; video observation systems; means and systems for facility access control and management; environmental monitoring equipment; and so forth.
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From page 294... ...
The programmatic and technical solutions that have been developed make it possible to • support the operations of all security and critical utility systems according to previously determined algorithms in emergency situations, including those caused by terrorist acts; • facilitate the uninterrupted, remote, real-time, automated processing of information on the status of critical utility and security systems and engineering-technical elements at facilities and automatically transmit the necessary data on the parameters of the emergency in an established format to the necessary response service; and • facilitate long-distance management of critical utility and security systems at facilities from a remote control center in the city in emergency situations, including those caused by terrorist acts. Preliminary calculations indicate that the creation of this system would reduce the number of emergency situations in buildings and structures by at least 20 percent and would cut materials losses by more than 15 percent.
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From page 295... ...
The center's preparation of timely, scientifically grounded recommendations on preventing and responding to various types of emergency situations makes it possible to reduce substantially the likelihood of a disaster at facilities and to save significantly more people and reduce the costs of rescue efforts if such situations do occur, including those caused by terrorist acts.
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