Science at Sea Meeting Future Oceanographic Goals with a Robust Academic Research Fleet (2009) / Chapter Skim
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4 Oceanographic Research Vessel Design
4 Oceanographic Research Vessel Design
Pages 47-60
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From page 47... ...
In addition, the capital needed to build effective oceanographic ships is finite and scarce. Ships will remain the primary method of conducting oceanographic research, both through direct observation and through deployment and recovery of sensors, moorings, and vehicles.
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From page 48... ...
jointly funded a 2004 workshop to consider future handling systems. Recommendations from that workshop were used in motion compensation systems installed on the Regional/Coastal class Sharp (Figure 4-1B,C) , the Ocean class Kilo Moana, and the system designed for the Alaska Region Research Vessel (ARRV)
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From page 49... ...
Table 4-1 Science-Driven Ship Needs Science Driver Physical Biological Chemical MG&G Atmospheric Atmospheric measurement capability X X X X AUV/glider/UAV stowage and handling X X X X X Capability to service observatories X X X X Clean laboratory space X X X X Controlled temperature laboratory space X X Dynamic positioning X X X X High data rate communication X X X X X Hull mounted and deployable sensorsa X X X X X Low radiated noise X X X Low sonar self noise X X X Manned submersible use X X X Mooring/buoy deployment and recovery X X X X X Multi-channel seismics X X Ocean drilling and coring X Precise navigation X X X X X ROV stowage and handling X X X X Towing nets and/or vehicles X X X X X Underway scientific seawater supply X X X X X Watercatching/water column sampling X X X Xb X aIn this instance, deployable sensors include centerboards, stalks, and towed sensors that can be lowered beneath the level of bubble sweepdown interference. bFor hydrothermal plume studies.
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From page 50... ...
lifting equipment, either portable or permanent, will be necessary to protect equipment and personnel. However, designing handling equipment that is optimized for current OTS equipment could negatively impact vessel utility over the 30-year lifespan of a ship.
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From page 51... ...
Dynamic Positioning Dynamic positioning is critical to handle deployment, recovery, and operation of offboard vehicles safely. Design conditions should strive to maintain position beam-on in at least sea state 6-7, 30-knot winds gusting to 40 knots, and a 0.5-knot surface current all from the same direction (Williams and Hawkins, 2009)
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From page 52... ...
Specifications for noise levels and environmental conditions in both interior laboratory spaces and living quarters should strive to minimize ambient noise levels. Other Design Attributes A number of other scientific and operational trends will drive oceanographic ship design in the future (Daidola, 2004; Williams and Hawkins, 2009)
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From page 53... ...
A corollary impact of higher speed is greater fuel consumption, leading to increased operating cost, and greater fuel tank volume, which can increase ship cost. Efficiency Efficiency is a vital consideration in the design of future oceanographic ships.
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From page 54... ...
SOURCE: Adapted from UNOLS Fleet Improvement Committee, 2003b; Dan Rolland, personal communication, 2009.
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From page 55... ...
academic research vessel RRS James Cook was designed to substantially reduce the time for equipment changeover and breakdown losses. Winches are arranged to allow all wires to be permanently rigged up and quickly connected, while a system of sheaves allows any wire to be led over any of the main OTS handling equipment (Robin Williams, personal communication, 2009)
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From page 56... ...
Based on the evolving science and technology needs identified in Chapters 2 and 3 and the existence of capable specialized vessels, readily adaptable general purpose ship designs are most needed in the future fleet. The UNOLS fleet does not currently have any specialized fisheries vessels, although the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
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From page 57... ...
This regulation has the potential to severely restrict the range of larger ships of the academic fleet, which in turn will affect scientific activities. Although ships built using Navy funds could be exempt from these regulations, the amendment provides a significant driver toward more fuelefficient operations, including lower transit speeds, more streamlined hull forms, and efficient power generation and distribution systems for future Global and Ocean class vessels.
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From page 58... ...
NSF created a design and construction plan for the AARV that was intended to address many of the problems that have impacted earlier oceanographic ship acquisition programs. The ARRV process involves the scientific user community in the design and construction of an oceanographic ship from the preconstruction phase through post delivery of the ship.
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From page 59... ...
Vessel design will have to incorporate technology that is currently available, such as dynamic positioning or
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From page 60... ...
Because technology changes rapidly and ship lifespans are long, future academic vessel designs need to be general purpose and highly adaptable to changing science needs. Specialized ships will also be needed for some disciplines, with designs that are well matched to disciplinary needs while also being available for limited general purpose work.
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