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Biographical Memoirs Volume 91 (2009) / Chapter Skim
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CLYDE ALLEN HUTCHISON JR.
Pages 152-175

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From page 152...
... Photograph courtesy University of Chicago.
From page 153...
... , a type of spectroscopy that had just been invented and was undergoing explosive development. He was the first person to measure the electron spin resonance in the triplet states of organic molecules, thus finally confirming the triplet nature of the phosphorescent state of these molecules.
From page 154...
... He had had a year of general chemistry and a year of analytical chemistry and no other courses in science by the end of his third year at Cedarville. He supplemented his education through a course in organic chemistry at Cedarville at the end of his third year and by lecture and laboratory courses in physical chemistry at Ohio State University during the 1933-1934 academic year.
From page 155...
... The study Johnston had assigned to Clyde was the electrolytic separation of lithium isotopes at a mercury cathode. Since there were no mass spectrometers available to Johnston and Hutchison, they determined the isotopic ratios by gravimetric methods of a quality practiced for the accurate chemical determination of atomic weights.
From page 156...
... . Fifteen years later workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory published definitive equilibrium separation factors in agreement with the Johnston-Hutchison value.
From page 157...
... SAM was the code word for the Manhattan Project at Columbia University. The principal mission of that laboratory was to carry out the research and development of the gaseous diffusion method for the separation of the fissionable isotope, 235U, from the abundant isotope, 238U.
From page 158...
... After he carried out thermodynamic calculations on the feasibility of reducing boron halides with various reducing agents, Clyde chose the reduction of BCl3 with H2. Early in 1944 Urey decided to revisit the possibility of chemical separation of the uranium isotopes.
From page 159...
... Clyde continued these meetings for many decades, and the attendees were not only from Clyde's research group but also from various others. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO In the summer of 1945 Clyde accepted a faculty appointment at a new institute at the University of Chicago, the Institute for Nuclear Studies (now the Enrico Fermi Institute)
From page 160...
... Another first was the observation of the electron resonance of organic molecules in their triplet states. To sum up, this was a period in which he successfully explored the possible uses of electron spin resonance in chemistry.
From page 161...
... Clyde wrote the review of progress in magnetic reso nance for the 1956 Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. The 1944 paper by Lewis and Kasha, which explained the phosphorescent states of organic molecules as the triplet states, had great impact on the community of physical chemists.
From page 162...
... Here Clyde introduced the new technique of electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR spectroscopy) in order to find the electron spin density distribution in the aromatic system.
From page 163...
... If a reference atom having a net electron spin were present in the molecule it could serve as the basis for ENDOR spectroscopy of the hydrogens. The test molecule chosen for many of these studies was lanthanum nicotinate dihydrate with a small proportion of the La atoms replaced
From page 164...
... The experiments were complex and the data analysis difficult, but hydrogen positions were found. Much of this work was done with Bleaney and his group at Oxford, where on his third visit, 1981-1982, he was appointed to the George Eastman Professorship.
From page 165...
... He religiously attended seminars in many physical science disciplines. Although Clyde was an outstanding lecturer in formal courses, in keeping with his own way of learning science, he considered formal courses at best a necessary evil.
From page 166...
... Clyde served a stint as editor of the Journal of Chemical Physics, following which he served on the Editorial Board of Annual Reviews of Physical Chemistry. He served on the visiting
From page 167...
... His former students John Weil, Arthur Heiss, and Ralph Weber provided technical information and anecdotes about life in the Hutchison lab. We are also grateful to Cedarville University (formerly Cedarville College)
From page 168...
... S Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship, Oxford University 1981-1982 George Eastman Professor, University of Oxford PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS 1938-1939 Research associate, Columbia University 1942-1943 Manhattan District Project, University of Virginia 1943-1945 SAM Laboratories, Columbia University 1945-1946 Metallurgical Laboratory, University of Chicago ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS 1939-1945 Assistant professor, University of Buffalo 1945-2005 University of Chicago 1945-1948 Assistant professor, Enrico Fermi Institute 1948-1950 Assistant professor, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry 1950-1954 Associate professor, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry 1954-1963 Professor, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry 1963-1969 Carl William Eisendrath Professor, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry
From page 169...
... clyde allen hutchison jr . 169 1969-1983 Carl William Eisendrath Distinguished Service Professor, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry 1983-2005 Carl William Eisendrath Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Chemistry
From page 170...
... Paramagnetic resonance absorption in potassium in liquid ammonia.
From page 171...
... Electron magnetic resonance of triplet states and the detection of energy transfer in crystals.
From page 172...
... Electron nuclear double resonance in an organic molecule in a triplet ground state. Spin densities and shape of diphenymethylene molecules in diphenylethylene single crystals.
From page 173...
... Electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy of a hen egg-white lysozyme-Cu+2 complex in tetragonal single crystals.
From page 174...
... The determination of hydrogen coordinates in lanthanum nicotinate di-hydrate crystals by Gd+3 proton double resonance.


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