Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

Appendix D: Description of GREET and Mobile6 Models and Their Applications
Pages 432-469

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 432...
... In particular, feedstock production, fuel production, and vehicle manufacturing could have significant emissions contributions in the life-cycle inventory. The vehicle-fuel inventory should include these life-cycle components in addition to vehicle operation.
From page 433...
... EMISSIONS DATA AND MODELING The GREET Model The Argonne GREET model is used to determine emissions from lightduty autos and trucks. The GREET model is a vehicle operation and fuel production life-cycle assessment tool, which captures fuel feedstock production, fuel refining, vehicle operation, and vehicle manufacturing.
From page 434...
... Mobile6.2 heavy-duty vehicle operational emission factors were used in combination with GREET feedstock and fuel production factors to create life-cycle inventories for several different vehicle classes. GREET does not evaluate ammonia emissions, so Mobile6.2 is used to capture this pollutant for both light- and heavy-duty vehicles.
From page 435...
... . GREET allows for the adjustment of many vehicle and fuel parameters; however, certain critical parameters are adjusted some of the vehicle and fuel combinations to estimate life-cycle emissions.
From page 436...
... 436 APPENDIX D TABLE D-1  GREET 2.7a Vehicle-Manufacturing Results for Cars ICEV: HEV: FCV: ICEV: Light- HEV: Light- FCV: Light Conventional Weight Conventional Weight Conventional Weight Material Material Material Material Material Material Lifetime 160,000 160,000 160,000 160,000 160,000 160,000 VMT Total energy 633 619 645 669 792 797 Fossil fuels 592 573 600 618 732 735 Coal 223 164 235 190 264 218 Natural gas 243 226 243 241 308 298 Petroleum 126 183 122 187 160 219 CO2 47 46 50 50 62 60 CH4 0.082 0.077 0.083 0.083 0.102 0.099 N 2O 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 GHGs 50 48 52 52 65 63 VOC 0.206 0.205 0.206 0.205 0.205 0.205 CO 0.250 0.093 0.226 0.098 0.217 0.089 NOx 0.075 0.080 0.077 0.085 0.094 0.099 PM10 0.082 0.066 0.080 0.071 0.092 0.081 PM2.5 0.033 0.028 0.031 0.029 0.036 0.033 SOx 0.137 0.147 0.228 0.213 0.286 0.259 TABLE D-2  GREET 2.7a Vehicle-Manufacturing Results for SUVs ICEV: HEV: FCV: ICEV: Light- HEV: Light- FCV: Light Conventional Weight Conventional Weight Conventional Weight Material Material Material Material Material Material Lifetime 180,000 180,000 180,000 180,000 180,000 180,000 VMT Total energy 730 728 840 833 1030 970 Fossil fuels 683 672 780 766 951 890 Coal 263 194 316 244 350 271 Natural gas 280 266 318 299 399 361 Petroleum 140 212 146 223 203 259 CO2 54 54 65 62 80 73 CH4 0.095 0.090 0.108 0.103 0.132 0.120 N 2O 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 GHGs 57 56 68 65 84 76 VOC 0.308 0.307 0.308 0.307 0.308 0.307 CO 0.298 0.105 0.316 0.116 0.297 0.103 NOx 0.085 0.092 0.096 0.102 0.118 0.117 PM10 0.095 0.078 0.107 0.089 0.121 0.100 PM2.5 0.038 0.033 0.041 0.036 0.047 0.041 SOx 0.151 0.166 0.297 0.267 0.373 0.317
From page 437...
... Vehicle operation combustion factors are also reduced using the same methodology. VOC evaporative losses and PM tire and brake wear factors were left unchanged from GREET default values as well as vehicle manufacturing.
From page 438...
... Fuel 1059 447 68 72 0.13 0.14 0.02 0.10 Operation 5334 5257 410 414 0.23 0.30 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 202 55 5 16 0.02 0.13 0.00 0.05 (Conventional Oil) Fuel 1080 397 62 67 0.12 0.15 0.02 0.10 Operation 4573 4381 351 355 0.23 0.30 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 742 54 44 56 0.02 0.12 0.01 0.05 (Tar Sands)
From page 439...
... Fuel 6277 345 72 82 0.26 0.50 0.05 0.18 Operation 5334 1412 402 406 0.22 0.30 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E85 Feedstock 898 498 –212 –144 –0.14 0.58 0.03 0.29 (Wet Corn) Fuel 6386 201 221 233 0.25 0.41 0.12 0.40 Operation 5334 1412 402 406 0.22 0.30 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E85 Feedstock 570 216 –282 –237 0.06 0.29 0.02 0.06 (Herbaceous)
From page 440...
... Fuel 1343 430 66 69 0.13 0.16 0.02 0.11 Operation 5334 4990 409 413 0.23 0.30 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 294 103 2 19 0.01 0.19 0.01 0.07 (Wet Corn) Fuel 1352 417 79 82 0.13 0.15 0.03 0.12 Operation 5334 4990 409 413 0.23 0.30 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 265 78 –4 11 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.05 (Herbaceous)
From page 441...
... Hydrogen Feedstock 180 10 13 27 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.03 (Gaseous) Fuel 1539 29 243 250 0.01 0.14 0.04 0.16 Operation 2319 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 792 160 62 65 0.21 0.09 0.04 0.29 Grid-Independent Feedstock 159 44 11 20 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.04 SI HEV Fuel 680 302 46 48 0.09 0.10 0.01 0.07 Operation 3604 3552 277 281 0.16 0.25 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 645 122 50 52 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.23 Grid-Dependent SI Feedstock 159 48 12 21 0.02 0.09 0.04 0.04 HEV Fuel 1358 229 156 158 0.06 0.24 0.01 0.48 Operation 3002 2408 185 188 0.10 0.17 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 645 122 50 52 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.23 441
From page 442...
... Fuel 1353 572 87 92 0.16 0.18 0.02 0.13 Operation 6818 6719 524 528 0.32 0.52 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 258 71 6 20 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.06 (Conventional Oil) Fuel 1380 508 80 86 0.15 0.19 0.02 0.13 Operation 5845 5599 449 453 0.32 0.52 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 948 69 56 71 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.07 (Tar Sands)
From page 443...
... Fuel 8022 440 92 105 0.33 0.64 0.06 0.24 Operation 6818 1804 514 518 0.30 0.52 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 1148 636 –271 –184 –0.18 0.74 0.04 0.38 (Wet Corn) Fuel 8162 256 282 298 0.32 0.53 0.15 0.51 Operation 6818 1804 514 518 0.30 0.52 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 728 276 –360 –302 0.07 0.37 0.02 0.07 (Herbaceous)
From page 444...
... Fuel 1716 550 84 88 0.17 0.20 0.02 0.13 Operation 6818 6378 523 527 0.32 0.52 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E10 Feedstock 375 131 3 25 0.01 0.24 0.01 0.09 (Wet Corn) Fuel 1728 534 101 105 0.17 0.19 0.03 0.16 Operation 6818 6378 523 527 0.32 0.52 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 339 100 –5 14 0.03 0.20 0.01 0.07 (Herbaceous)
From page 445...
... Hydrogen Feedstock 230 13 16 34 0.02 0.09 0.00 0.04 (Gaseous) Fuel 1967 37 310 320 0.02 0.18 0.06 0.21 Operation 2964 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 1030 203 80 84 0.31 0.12 0.05 0.37 Grid-Independent Feedstock 203 56 15 25 0.02 0.13 0.00 0.05 SI HEV Fuel 870 386 59 62 0.11 0.12 0.02 0.09 Operation 4607 4540 354 358 0.22 0.44 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 840 146 65 68 0.31 0.10 0.04 0.30 Grid-Dependent SI Feedstock 203 61 15 27 0.02 0.12 0.06 0.05 HEV Fuel 1736 293 199 202 0.08 0.31 0.02 0.61 Operation 3836 3077 237 240 0.15 0.29 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 840 146 65 68 0.31 0.10 0.04 0.30 445
From page 446...
... Fuel 1476 623 95 100 0.18 0.20 0.03 0.15 Operation 7433 7326 571 576 0.82 1.03 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 324 89 8 25 0.03 0.20 0.01 0.07 (Conventional Oil) Fuel 1730 637 100 107 0.18 0.24 0.03 0.16 Operation 7329 7021 562 567 0.82 1.03 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 1189 86 70 89 0.03 0.20 0.01 0.08 (Tar Sands)
From page 447...
... Fuel 8747 480 101 114 0.36 0.69 0.07 0.26 Operation 7433 1967 561 565 0.78 1.03 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 1252 693 –295 –200 –0.19 0.81 0.04 0.41 (Wet Corn) Fuel 8899 279 308 324 0.35 0.58 0.16 0.55 Operation 7433 1967 561 565 0.78 1.03 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 794 301 –392 –330 0.08 0.40 0.02 0.08 (Herbaceous)
From page 448...
... Fuel 1871 599 92 96 0.19 0.22 0.03 0.15 Operation 7433 6954 570 575 0.82 1.03 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E10 Feedstock 409 143 3 27 0.01 0.26 0.01 0.10 (Wet Corn) Fuel 1884 582 110 114 0.19 0.21 0.04 0.17 Operation 7433 6954 570 575 0.82 1.03 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 369 109 –5 16 0.03 0.22 0.01 0.07 (Herbaceous)
From page 449...
... Hydrogen Feedstock 269 15 19 40 0.02 0.10 0.00 0.04 (Gaseous) Fuel 2305 43 364 375 0.02 0.21 0.07 0.24 Operation 3474 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 1030 203 80 84 0.31 0.12 0.05 0.37 Grid-Independent Feedstock 234 64 17 29 0.02 0.15 0.01 0.05 SI HEV Fuel 1002 445 68 71 0.13 0.14 0.02 0.10 Operation 5310 5233 408 412 0.75 0.80 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 840 146 65 68 0.31 0.10 0.04 0.30 Grid-Dependent SI Feedstock 230 69 17 31 0.03 0.14 0.06 0.05 HEV Fuel 1929 335 220 223 0.09 0.34 0.02 0.67 Operation 4375 3545 273 276 0.50 0.54 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 840 146 65 68 0.31 0.10 0.04 0.30 449
From page 450...
... Fuel 1177 410 65 70 0.12 0.11 0.01 0.06 Operation 4753 4553 365 369 0.15 0.07 0.01 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 273 50 12 21 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.03 (Conventional Oil) Fuel 979 357 56 60 0.10 0.10 0.01 0.06 Operation 4133 3959 317 321 0.15 0.07 0.01 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 794 48 52 63 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.03 (Tar Sands)
From page 451...
... Fuel 5621 265 61 70 0.22 0.35 0.03 0.09 Operation 4753 1245 358 362 0.14 0.07 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E85 Feedstock 737 399 –198 –146 –0.12 0.34 0.02 0.19 (Wet Corn) Fuel 5770 182 200 211 0.22 0.25 0.09 0.13 Operation 4753 1245 358 362 0.14 0.07 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E85 Feedstock 477 169 –252 –217 0.04 0.16 0.01 0.03 (Herbaceous)
From page 452...
... Fuel 1200 379 58 61 0.12 0.11 0.01 0.06 Operation 4753 4446 365 368 0.15 0.07 0.01 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 351 87 9 24 0.00 0.13 0.01 0.05 (Wet Corn) Fuel 1212 372 70 73 0.12 0.10 0.02 0.06 Operation 4753 4446 365 368 0.15 0.07 0.01 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 328 67 4 17 0.02 0.11 0.00 0.04 (Herbaceous)
From page 453...
... Hydrogen Feedstock 153 8 11 23 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.02 (Gaseous) Fuel 1233 21 201 207 0.01 0.08 0.04 0.08 Operation 1964 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 792 160 62 65 0.21 0.09 0.04 0.29 Hydrogen Feedstock 153 8 11 23 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.02 (Liquid)
From page 454...
... Fuel 1399 488 77 83 0.14 0.13 0.02 0.08 Operation 5652 5414 434 438 0.18 0.10 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 325 59 14 26 0.02 0.11 0.00 0.04 (Conventional Oil) Fuel 1164 424 66 71 0.12 0.12 0.02 0.07 Operation 4915 4708 377 381 0.18 0.10 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 944 57 62 75 0.02 0.12 0.01 0.04 (Tar Sands)
From page 455...
... Fuel 6683 316 72 83 0.26 0.41 0.04 0.11 Operation 5652 1480 426 430 0.17 0.10 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 876 475 –236 –174 –0.14 0.40 0.02 0.22 (Wet Corn) Fuel 6861 217 237 251 0.26 0.30 0.10 0.16 Operation 5652 1480 426 430 0.17 0.10 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 567 201 –300 –258 0.05 0.19 0.01 0.03 (Herbaceous)
From page 456...
... Fuel 1426 451 69 72 0.14 0.13 0.02 0.07 Operation 5652 5287 434 437 0.18 0.10 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E10 Feedstock 417 104 10 28 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.06 (Wet Corn) Fuel 1442 442 84 87 0.14 0.12 0.02 0.07 Operation 5652 5287 434 437 0.18 0.10 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 390 80 5 21 0.02 0.13 0.01 0.04 (Herbaceous)
From page 457...
... Hydrogen Feedstock 181 10 13 27 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.03 (Gaseous) Fuel 1466 26 238 246 0.01 0.10 0.04 0.09 Operation 2335 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 1030 203 80 84 0.31 0.12 0.05 0.37 Hydrogen Feedstock 182 10 13 27 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.03 (Liquid)
From page 458...
... Fuel 1635 570 90 97 0.16 0.16 0.02 0.09 Operation 6605 6327 507 511 0.22 0.14 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 379 69 16 30 0.02 0.13 0.01 0.04 (Conventional Oil) Fuel 1360 496 78 83 0.14 0.14 0.02 0.08 Operation 5743 5502 441 445 0.22 0.14 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 RFG SIDI Autos Feedstock 1103 67 72 88 0.03 0.14 0.01 0.04 (Tar Sands)
From page 459...
... Fuel 7810 369 85 97 0.31 0.48 0.05 0.13 Operation 6605 1730 498 502 0.20 0.14 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 1024 555 –275 –203 –0.17 0.47 0.02 0.26 (Wet Corn) Fuel 8018 253 278 293 0.31 0.35 0.12 0.18 Operation 6605 1730 498 502 0.20 0.14 0.02 0.00 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E85 Feedstock 663 234 –351 –302 0.05 0.22 0.01 0.04 (Herbaceous)
From page 460...
... Fuel 1667 527 81 84 0.17 0.15 0.02 0.08 Operation 6605 6178 507 511 0.22 0.14 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 730 140 54 57 0.31 0.08 0.04 0.15 E10 Feedstock 488 121 12 33 0.01 0.17 0.01 0.07 (Wet Corn) Fuel 1685 517 98 101 0.17 0.14 0.03 0.08 Operation 6605 6178 507 511 0.22 0.14 0.02 0.01 Vehicle 633 126 47 50 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.14 E10 Feedstock 456 93 6 24 0.03 0.15 0.01 0.05 (Herbaceous)
From page 461...
... Hydrogen Feedstock 232 13 16 34 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.03 (Gaseous) Fuel 1875 33 305 314 0.02 0.13 0.05 0.12 Operation 2989 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Vehicle 1030 203 80 84 0.31 0.12 0.05 0.37 Hydrogen Feedstock 233 13 16 34 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.03 (Liquid)
From page 462...
... Mobile6.2 is designed to model emissions from conventional fuel vehicles and low level ethanol blends and provides the ability to adjust many vehicle operation and fuel characteristics in determining emission factors. Table D-11 and Table D-12 compare the GREET default conventional gasoline and diesel vehicle emissions against Mobile6.2.
From page 463...
... for a Light-Duty Diesel Automobile in 2005 VOC PM2.5 PM2.5 Exhaust NOx Exhaust TBW GREET 0.09 0.3 0.07 0.007 Mobile6.2 0.33 1.3 0.15 0.007
From page 464...
... Applying GREET Feedstock and Fuel Production Factors to Heavy-Duty Vehicles Feedstock and fuel production factors from GREET are used to supplement the Mobile6.2 heavy-duty-vehicle operational emissions. Because Mobile6.2 evaluates only the operational phase of heavy-duty vehicles, there is a need to supplement this component with feedstock and fuel production requirements so that results are commensurate with light-duty vehicles evaluated in GREET.
From page 465...
... COUNTY-LEVEL DAMAGE CALCULATIONS The vehicle feedstock, fuel, operation, and manufacturing per VMT emission factors are used in conjunction with APEEP county unit-damage factors to determine county resolution total damages. For each of the lifecycle components, particular assumptions were made in performing the calculations.
From page 466...
... The APEEPFUEL damage factors were assessed to each county in the United States based on its PADD location. The fuel production life-cycle emissions were used in conjunction with the APEEPFUEL factors to determine fuel production damages for each county given a specific vehicle's per VMT emissions.
From page 467...
... census population estimates, state-level VMT is disaggregated to each county by the fraction of population. These county VMT are then multiplied by the GREET and Mobile6.2 vehicle operational emission factors to determine total emissions for each county.
From page 468...
... . For each vehicle and fuel combination, the life-cycle emission factors are joined with the APEEP pollutant damage factors for mortality, morbidity, and other to determine total damages for each county.
From page 469...
... . Energy Information Administration, Office of Integrated Analysis and Forecasting, U.S.


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.