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The Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops on Farm Sustainability in the United States (2010) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Herbicide Selection
Pages 237-244

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From page 237...
... Appendix A Herbicide Selection 
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From page 238...
... Photosynthesis II inhibitors (C1(5)
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From page 239...
... Critical effects: a specific protein in the photosystem II complex. decreased body weight gain (other effect: cardiac toxicity and moderate-to-severe dilation of the right atrium (EXTOXNET, 2009a; US-EPA, 2009c)
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From page 240...
... Photosynthesis II inhibitors (C1(5)
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From page 241...
... . Target site is generally considered unknown with the exception of amitrole, which inhibits lycopene cyclase and clomazone that is reported to inhibit an early step in the nonmevalonic acid isoprenoid pathway ultimately leading to carotenoid synthesis.
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From page 242...
... aHerbicide listed is one example of the herbicide family. bHerbicide mode of action code according to the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC, 2010)
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From page 243...
... RfD of 1 × 10–2 mg/kg-day. defined, however these herbicides mimic the endogenous auxin indoleacetic acid, a plant hormone that stimulates growth and appears to negatively affect cell wall plasticity and nucleic acid metabolism.
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Key Terms

  • herbicides mimic
  • affect cell
  • acid metabolism
  • endogenous auxin
  • weed science

  • toxic substances
  • human carcinogen
  • science society
  • decreased body
  • slightly toxic

  • specific protein
  • action committee
  • herbicide resistance
  • inhibit photosynthesis
  • nucleic acid

  • stimulates growth
  • plant hormone
  • negatively affect
  • fatty acid
  • cell membranes

  • body weight
  • indoleacetic acid
  • resistance action
  • quality protection
  • action code

  • low acute
  • destroys cell
  • membranes rapidly
  • category iii
  • carotenoid biosynthesis


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