Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles (2010) / Chapter Skim
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7 Alternative Approaches to Reducing Fuel Consumption in Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles
7 Alternative Approaches to Reducing Fuel Consumption in Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles
Pages 159-178
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From page 159... ...
Nor are fuel efficiency standards the only CHANGING FUEL PRICE SIGNALS mechanisms available to policymakers aiming to incentivize more efficient movement of passengers and goods. The Fuel Taxes purpose of this chapter is to present alternative approaches for improving the fuel efficiency of medium- and heavy The rationale for government imposition of fuel-savings duty-vehicle (MHDV)
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From page 160... ...
. In contrast, fuel efficiency standards can often obscure the These actions, in many cases, offer significant fuel savings.
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From page 161... ...
Similar to the permits equal to that cap. Any controlled entity such as elec case with fuel taxes, there may be concern that the increase tric utilities or oil refineries would have to surrender a permit in fuel prices, given political limitations on how tight a cap for each ton of CO2 emitted.
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From page 162... ...
. Financial incentives may be most effective in encourag Existing programs applicable to medium- and heavy- ing early adoption of new technologies when the benefits are vehicle target primarily reductions in criteria pollutants uncertain, the technology is not widely known to users, and rather than GHG emissions or fuel economy, but some of the cost may be high because the technology is in limited these programs are also intended to promote fuel savings and production.
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From page 163... ...
natural gas is only ~75 percent carbon by mass. Therefore, These alternative fuels include biofuels, natural gas, and two vehicles can achieve the same fuel efficiency, yet one electricity, to name a few.
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From page 164... ...
vehicle-miles of truck travel would be inversely proportional Each of the studies noted in Table 7-1 considered induced to the increase in payload. (Percent fuel savings, however, freight traffic and diversion from rail in their estimates.
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From page 165... ...
The characteristics of truck DOT 97,000-lb six-axle semis and –11 –6 (2000) 131,000-lb short doubles travel in the United Kingdom are different from those in the nationwide United States, but this example illustrates that the increase in fuel efficiency from a weight limit increase can be much DOT 148,000-lb turnpike doubles –23 –13 (2000)
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From page 166... ...
Most large changes that allowed widespread use of longer combination truck fleets do use road-speed governing today, with typical vehicles were projected to have a greater effect on rail traffic governed speeds in the 65 to 70 mph range. A few fleets set than changes in weight limits alone.
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From page 167... ...
A fleet that operates long-haul tractors in areas with little • If governed speeds are set significantly below the congestion can gain significant benefits. For example, a fleet typical travel speeds of light vehicle traffic, the result that governs today at 65 mph could see a 3.5 to 5 percent will be a significant increase in traffic congestion and benefit by lowering governed speed to 60 mph, while a fleet an increased risk of accidents because of increased that runs 70 mph could see a 7 to 10 percent fuel savings by speed differentials between trucks and light vehicles.
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From page 168... ...
Second, some way to force implementation by • Travel demand management owners would be required. These older vehicles tend to travel • Public transportation operations few miles per year, so the potential fuel savings is limited.
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From page 169... ...
In addition, Chap- are designed to enhance communication between motor carter 5 (under "Intelligent Vehicle Technologies") discusses riers and regulatory agencies, particularly during interstate applications for reducing fuel consumption using technolo- freight movement.
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From page 170... ...
The additional time percent fuel savings compared to when the ramp metering spent accelerating from a stop to freeway speed increases was shut down. Data were collected over a three-day period, fuel consumption.
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From page 171... ...
In addition, it is expected that congestion should be design is considered as a possibility. This design places the reduced by separating truck traffic from small-vehicle traffic.
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From page 172... ...
Congestion pricing repair the current lanes. This is due to being able to use the could take different forms, such as area-wide network pricing material, equipment, and workers to do both jobs.
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From page 173... ...
Increases speed-fuel efficiency relationships, to evaluate the combined in VMT on alternate routes could offset the fuel savings benefits of travel reductions and operating efficiencies from achieved from reductions in VMT and congestion on the area-wide systems of managed lanes.2 The results from facility itself. Therefore, congestion pricing will be most different scenarios ranged from a 0.1 to 2.5 percent impact effective at reducing fuel consumption if it is implemented on fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG)
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From page 174... ...
. To improving fuel efficiency and lowering operating costs and reduce fuel consumption, certain types of idling can harmful emissions.
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From page 175... ...
drivers' schedules that freight from truck to rail. Nevertheless, there are fuel savings may prevent them from attending training programs; and, to be realized in some transport corridors where economi
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From page 176... ...
terminals, and financial/pricing incentives, could poten- the political difficulty associated with increasing fuel taxes, tially encourage shippers to make greater use of rail in place it strongly recommends that Congress consider fuel taxes of trucks, increasing the efficiency of freight movement on as an alternative to mandating fuel efficiency standards for a ton-mile basis. The government could promote rail diver- medium- and heavy-duty trucks.
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From page 177... ...
Increasing vehicle size and weight limits of Finding 7-11. Congestion pricing offers several potential fers potentially significant fuel savings for the entire tractortrailer combination truck fleet.
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From page 178... ...
Federal Excise Tax Weight Limits: Issues and Options. Washington, D.C.: TRB.
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