Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles (2010) / Chapter Skim
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3 Review of Current Regulatory Approaches for Trucks and Cars
3 Review of Current Regulatory Approaches for Trucks and Cars
Pages 41-50
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From page 41... ...
To aid consideration of what part of vehicle weight, loading capacity, rolling resistance, and the industry should be regulated and how regulations could all other technologies that could be applied to reduce fuel be implemented, this chapter reviews current regulations consumption. and certification protocols as they might apply to medium- The absence of a uniform vehicle size and configuration and heavy-duty truck fuel consumption.
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From page 42... ...
Fuel consumption is evaluated through computer simula Because of the large reductions in fuel consumption tion based on a combination of an urban duty cycle defined a chievable with hybrid electric trucks, a measurement in JE005, used for emissions testing, and an interurban cycle method for this technology was included in the Japanese developed for fuel economy testing. The simulation tool, regulation.
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From page 43... ...
sentation to the committee by Akihiko ° u: Propor tion of urban driving mode Hoshi, Ministry of Land, Infrastruc ° h: Propor tion of interurban driving mode ture, Transport, and Tourism, Japan. Figure 3-3 Japanese simulation method incorporating urban an.eps U.S.
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From page 44... ...
Torque Engine E/ D Fuel Consumption Measurement of Ratio Exhaust Emission Engine speed FIGURE 3-5 Japanese hardware-in-the-loop Japanese hardware-in-loop simulation testing of h.eps Figure 3-5 simulation (HILS) testing of hybrid vehicles.
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From page 45... ...
One of the most significant consequences of the Smart LIGHT-DUTY-VEHICLE FUEL ECONOMY STANDARDS Way certification program is action taken by the California Air Resources Board. With the intention to reduce the state's The development of fuel consumption standards for pasgreenhouse gas emissions to 80 percent of 1990 levels by senger vehicles provides useful lessons for consideration 2020, in 2006 the California legislature approved the Global in trucks and buses.
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From page 46... ...
Fuel consumption is determined by summing all the ly on the adjusted highway fuel economy test (HFET) result, carbon in the exhaust and converting this to gallons using the each estimate will be based on a multiequation "composite" amount of carbon per gallon, although direct measurement calculation of all five tests, weighting each appropriately to of fuel consumed is greatly improved and is now routinely arrive at new city and highway mpg estimates.
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From page 47... ...
. Torque and speed regression criteria are the certification test process to over-the-road vehicle fuel consumption data.3 For line-haul truck duty cycles, CO2 available to determine whether the engine has been properly loaded during the test.
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From page 48... ...
13 mode engine data. For a set of field- on engine families that have similar displacements, number monitored vocational trucks, the FTP transient engine test of cylinders, fuel injection systems, turbocharging systems, data predicted CO2 emissions to within 4.0 percent of the on- and after-treatment systems.
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From page 49... ...
EPA Tier 2 light-duty emissions requirements to carry. By using these axles the final-stage manufacturer were extended to include medium-duty passenger vehicles, can assure compliance with the brake regulations without which are between 8,501 and 10,000 lb gross vehicle weight (GVW)
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From page 50... ...
2007. Fuel Economy Test Procedure for Heavy Duty Vehicles, dium- and heavy-duty vehicle safety and emissions provide Japanese Test Procedures, Presented at the IEA/International Transport examples indicating that the industry's diversity is ad- Forum Workshop on Standards and Other Policy Instruments on Fuel dressed by requiring compliance, or at least conformity, at Efficiency for HDVs, Paris France, June 21-22.
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