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A Scientific Assessment of Alternatives for Reducing Water Management Effects on Threatened and Endangered Fishes in California's Bay-Delta (2010) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:

5 Other Stressors
Pages 42-47

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From page 42...
... Moreover, while individual relationships with these stress factors are generally weakly understood, the cumulative or interactive effects of these factors with each other and with water exports are virtually unknown and unexplored (Sommer et al., 2007)
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From page 43...
... Nevertheless, the effects of the rapid and substantial change in the ratio of inorganic nitrogen to inorganic phosphate in the system have yet to be adequately explored. CHANGES IN FOOD AVAILABILITY AND QUALITY Significant changes in the food web may have affected food abundance and food quality available to delta smelt.
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From page 44...
... have been implicated as predators on juvenile Chinook salmon, especially when they congregate below the Red Bluff Diversion Dam (Tucker et al., 2003) and other structures; at the Suisun Marsh Salinity Control Gates they were the dominant predator on juvenile Chinook salmon (Edwards et al., 1996; Tillman et al., 1996)
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From page 45...
... IMPEDIMENTS TO PASSAGE, CHANGES IN OCEAN CONDITIONS, FISHING, AND HATCHERIES Clark (1929) estimated that 80 percent of the original spawning habitat available to Chinook salmon in California's Central Valley had been made unavailable by blockages, mainly dams, by 1928.
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From page 46...
... First, the recent meteorological trend has runoff from the Sierra Nevada shifting from spring to winter as more precipitation falls as rain rather than snow, and as snowmelt occurs earlier and faster because of warming, increasing the likelihood and frequency of winter floods and altered hydrographs, and thus changes in the salinity of delta water (Knowles and Cayan, 2002, 2004; Roos, 1987, 1991)
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From page 47...
... Other Stressors 47 years as well as threats to the migration of anadromous species like salmon and sturgeon. CONCLUSION Based on the evidence summarized above, the committee agreed that the adverse effects of all the other stressors on the listed fishes are potentially large.
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Key Terms

  • food availability
  • food web
  • ammonium levels
  • chinook salmon
  • striped bass

  • central delta
  • threadfin shad
  • fish species
  • ocean conditions
  • smelt populations

  • intersex delta
  • food quality
  • western delta
  • joaquin delta
  • affected food

  • food abundance
  • delta region
  • delta water
  • delta complicates
  • juvenile chinook

  • phosphate levels
  • flowing water
  • dominant predator
  • nonnative species
  • attributed entirely

  • phosphate loading
  • spawning habitat
  • van niewenhuyse
  • individual relationships
  • marsh salinity


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