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From page 209... ... agricultural research, 156, 178-179, 192 (see also Aquatic 32-33 species) environment and housing, 29, 33, 43, Anesthesia and analgesia 44, 137, 176-177 considerations in selection of agents, 75, floor drains, 137, 138 121 information resources, 33, 176-177, equipment/delivery, 34, 122, 145, 147 191-192 euthanasia agent, 124 protocol review, 32-33 field conditions, 32, 117 space requirements, 60, 62-63 monitoring, 119-120, 122, 123 surgery, 117, 144, 145 neuromuscular blocking agents, 122-123 veterinary care, 145, 191-182 oversight, 34, 156 Air pressure, 45, 47, 139, 145-146, 149-150 pain management, 12, 121-122 Air quality and airborne contaminants, preemptive analgesia, 121 45-47 principles governing use, 12, 14, 26 Airflow (see Ventilation and airflow) Read the entire page →
From page 210... ... separation of housing and research/ Aquatic species, 2 (see also Amphibians; surgery areas, 134, 144 Fish; Reptiles) visual, 51, 53, 83 algal growth, 86 Bedding, nesting, and substrates behavior and social management, 84 aquatic species, 85 diseases, 112 autoclaving, 69, 136, 146 emergency, weekend, and holiday care, behavioral aspects, 52 87 changing, 46, 47, 52, 69, 70, 73 enrichment and social housing, 82-83 disposal, 19, 20 environment, 77-82 enrichment aspects, 67 facilities, 150-151 environmental aspects, 43, 44, 46, 47, food and feeding, 84-85 49, 52, 53, 69, 71 housing, 82-83, 150-151 experimental influences, 68, 69 husbandry, 84-87 illumination and, 49 identification, 87 materials, 68-69 illumination, 81 outdoor facilities, 54 life support system, 79-80 storage, 136, 141 macroenvironment, 77-78, 86 terrestrial species, 52, 68-69 Read the entire page →
From page 211... ... Canadian Council on Animal Care, 16 Biologic agents and hazards, 18, 19, 20, 21, Carcass disposal, 20, 73-74, 138, 142 111, 112-113, 148, 170-172 Cardiovascular shock models, 27 Biosecurity, animal, xviii, 105, 107, 108, Cats 109-110, 111, 135, 170-172 behavioral and social management, 58, Birds, 41, 44, 48, 49, 60, 121, 144, 156, 59, 63-64, 180-181 179-180, 193 enrichment, 53 Bites and scratches, 18, 23 environmental requirements, 43, 44, 53, Breeding and reproduction 180-181 aquatic animals, 44, 80, 82, 83, 87, 88 housing and space, 49, 56, 58, 59, caloric restriction and, 67 180-181 cryopreservation of fertilized embryos, procurement, 106 ova, ovaries, or spermatozoa, 76, recommended reading, 180-181, 193 107 recordkeeping, 75-76 enriched environments and, 83 veterinary care, 193 genetic management, 76, 77 Cattle, 62-63, 64, 176-177, 191-192 (see GMAs, 28, 76 also Agricultural animals) lighting and, 48, 137 Cedar shavings, 69, 156 Read the entire page →
From page 212... ... laboratory animals, 2 Clinical care and management life support system, 79 emergency care, 114 macroenvironment, 42 medical management, 114 "may," 8 recordkeeping, 115 microenvironment, 42 Clothing and footwear, 20, 21, 146 "must," 8 Cold storage and refrigeration, 66, 73, 136, performance standard, 6-7 142 policies, 7 Cold stress, 43, 44, 53 practice standard, 7 Collaborations, interinstitutional, 15 principles, 7 Computer modeling procedures, 7 alternative to animal use, 5, 12, 25, 199 "should," 8 facility design, 46, 133 thermoneutral zone, 43 genetic variability, 76 three Rs, 4-5 Conditioned-response protocols, 31 Dehydration, 68 Construction guidelines, 136-143 Desiccation stress, 45, 46 Containment of hazardous materials, 21, Diet and dietary control (see also Food and 148-149 feedng) Contaminants abrupt changes in, 67 airborne, 22, 45, 46-47, 139, 140, 143, aquatic animals, 84, 85 145, 146-147, 149 autoclavable, 66 bedding, 69, 141, 146 caloric management, 31, 57, 67 cleaning implements, 72, 85 certified diets, 65 food, 19, 65, 66, 67, 84, 141, 146 chemically defined diets, 65, 66 genetic, 76 natural-ingredient, 65, 66 microbial, 72, 81, 108, 109, 110, 113, nutritionally balanced, 67 118, 144-145 purified diets, 65, 66 recommended readings quality assurance, 65, 66 water, 67-68, 81, 86, 138 treats, 67 Convention on International Trade in Disaster planning, 35, 74-75 Endangered Species of Wild Fauna Disease control, 23, 72, 81, 108, 109, 110, and Flora, 107 112-113, 118, 144-145, 190 Corridors, 86, 134, 136, 137, 141, 142 Disease susceptibility, 19, 42 Cryogens, 147 Read the entire page →
From page 213... ... aquatic species, 77-82 defined, 121 recommended reading, 172-175 neuromuscular blocking agents and, terrestrial species, 42-50 122-123 Eosinopenia, 49 recommended reading, 188-190 Ergonomic injury, 19 Diurnal cycles, 48, 141 Ethical considerations, xiii, xvii, 4-5, 12 Dogs recommended reading, 163-164 behavioral and social management, 29, training in, 17 59, 63-64, 180-181 Euthanasia (see also Humane endpoints) enrichment, 53 AV responsibility, 106, 114, 156 environmental requirements, 43, 44, AVMA Guidelines, 123 180-181 carbon dioxide for rodents, 124 housing and space, 49, 58, 59, 136, criteria for, 123 138, 180-181 defined, 123 infusion pumps, 29 disaster planning, 35 pain and distress, 121 fetuses and larval life forms, 123-124 procurement, 106 field studies, 32 recommended reading, 180-181, 193 methods, 123-124 recordkeeping, 75-76 pest control, 74 veterinary care, 193 preemptive, 28 Doors, 136, 137, 138, 142, 143, 144, 149, psychological effects on personnel, 124 150 training, 17, 124 Drafts, 46, 140 Exercise (see Activity and exercise) Read the entire page →
From page 214... ... Floors, 137-138 aquatic species, 82-83 Food and Drug Administration Good design considerations, 51 Laboratory Practice standards, 65 environmental enrichment, 52-54, 82Food and feeding (see also Diet) 83, 173-175 aquatic species, 84-85 flooring, 51-52, 54 enrichment activities with, 67 life support system, 79-80 feeders, 66-67 naturalistic environments, 55, 83 management of caloric intake, 67 occupational health and safety restricted or scheduled access, 30-31 considerations, 19-20 sanitation of feeders and waterers, 71-72 recommended reading, 172-173 storage, vermin control, and handling, repair or replacement, 51 65-66 sheltered or outdoor, 42, 44, 51, 54-55, terrestrial species, 65-67 68, 74, 81, 83, 118, 134, 135, 139, 140 social, 51, 55, 58-59, 60, 82-83 G terrestrial species, 50-63 Genetically modified animals (GMAs) Read the entire page →
From page 215... ... food and fluid regulation, 30-31 aquatic species, 84-88 investigating and reporting animal medical, 114 welfare concerns, 23 recommended reading, 172-173 membership and function of committee, terrestrial species, 63-77 17, 24-25 Mice (see also Rodents) multiple survival surgical procedures, 30 acclimation, 111 non-pharmaceutical-grade chemicals or aggression in males, 53, 64 substances, 31 anxiety studies, 53 occupational health and safety and, 17 bedding and nesting materials, 52, 53, physical restraint, 29-30 68 program management and, 13, 14-15 breeding animals, 52 protocol review, 25-26 caloric restriction, 67 recommended reading, 169-170 enrichment, 53, 54 special considerations during review GMAs, 28, 68, 145-146 process, 27-33 housing, 53, 57, 145-146 surgery and, 115-118 identification/nomenclature, 77 surgical procedures, 30 illumination, 49, 137 training and education, 15 infections, 111, 112 unexpected outcomes, 28-29 nude or hairless animals, 68 Institutional official, 13-14, 17, 23, 24, 25, recommended reading, 184-187, 30, 35 194-196 International Air Transport Association, 107 social stress, 53 International Committee on Standardized space requirements, 57, 156 Genetic Nomenclature for Mice, 77 specific pathogen-free mice, 145-146 Invertebrate animals, 2 temperature and humidity, 43, 45 Irradiation facilities, 157-158 toe-clipping, 75 Read the entire page →
From page 216... ... administrative controls, 18 Monoclonal antibody production, 27 animal housing systems, 19-20 Moribund state, 28 collaborative approach, 17, 21 Mouse hepatitis virus, 112, 113 control and prevention strategies, 18 Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, 112 engineering controls, 18, 19 facility and equipment support, 19-20 field studies or wildlife research, 18 N hazard identification and risk National Institutes of Health, 19, 155 assessment, 18-19 National Research Council Committee on hazardous animal experimentation, 18, Animal Nutrition, 65 20-21 Necropsies, 21 hazardous material containment, 149 Nesting (see Bedding, nesting, and hygiene, 18, 19, 20 substrates) medical evaluation and preventive Neuromuscular blocking agents, 122-123 medicine for personnel, 22-23 Nocturnal animals, 48 monitoring, 19-20 Noise and vibration noise exposure, 22, 49 aquatic animals, 81-82 personal protective equipment, 18, 20, control, 142, 143 21, 23, 109, 146, 148, 167-172 hearing protection for personnel, 22, 49 recommended reading, 17, 19, 21, terrestrial animals, 49-50 170-172 Non-pharmaceutical-grade chemicals or regulations, 17, 18, 20, 21 substances, 31-32 reporting requirements, 23-24 Nonhuman primates responsibility, 18 acclimation, 111 safety committee, 17-18, 21, 32 behavioral and social management, xviii, security, 23 29, 53 training, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24 enrichment, 53, 67, 137 Organ or system failure research, 27 environment, 43, 44, 45, 50, 139 Other animals, recommended reading, food and feeding, 67 187-188 housing, xviii, 49, 111-112, 136 Outdoor enclosures/habitats, 42, 44, 51, illumination, 48 54-55, 68, 74, 81, 83, 118, 134, 135, infections, 23, 111-112 139, 140 Oversight (see also Institutional Animal Care infusion pumps, 29 noise and vibration effects, 50 and Use Committee) Read the entire page →
From page 217... ... power and lighting, 141 analgesics and anesthetics, 12, 121-123 recommended reading, 196-197 chronic, 122 security and access control, 151 guidelines and, 12, 199-200 storage areas, 141-142 humane endpoints, 5, 27, 123 vibration control, 142 indicators of, 120-121, 123 walls and ceilings, 138-139 modeling/studies, 28 windows, exterior, 137 monitoring GMAs for, 29 Phytoestrogens, 65 multiple survival surgical procedures, 30 Pigeons, 60, 180, 193 postoperative, 117, 120 Pilot studies, 26, 28 prevention or alleviation, 5, 12, 26, 33, Poikilothermic animals, 41, 44, 55, 80, 82, 35, 105, 114, 120-121, 200 108 recommended reading, 120, 188-190 Policies, defined, 7 restraint devices, 29 Population management studies of, 34 aquatic species, 87-88 "wind-up" phenomenon, 120 breeding, genetics, and nomenclature, Parvoviruses, 113 75-76 Pasteurella multocida, 112 identification, 75, 87 Pedigree management, 55, 76, 87 recordkeeping, 75-76, 87-88 Performance standard, defined, 6-7 terrestrial species, 75-77 Personnel (see also Occupational health Poultry, 44, 48, 60 and safety program; Training and Practice standard, 7, 12 education; specific personnel) Preventive medicine animal welfare concerns and, 23-24 animal biosecurity, xviii, 79, 105, 107, hygiene, 18, 19, 20 108, 109-110, 111, 135 management, 15-24 disease surveillance, diagnosis, and medical evaluation and preventive treatment, 112-113 medicine for, 22-23 quarantine and stabilization, 110-111 occupational health and safety program, separation of animals by health status 17-23 and species, 111-112 protection, 21-22 Primary enclosures, 42, 43, 44-45, 46, 50 security, 23 52, 72, 77, 82 (see also Cages and Pest control, 74, 87, 110 caging; Microenvironment) Read the entire page →
From page 218... ... nomenclature, 77 acclimation, 111 recommended reading, 184-187 aggression in males, 53, 64 sanitation of cages, 71 n.2 albino animals, 48-49, 141 space requirements, xviii, 59 anxiety studies, 53 Rabies, 22 barrier facilities, 145-146 Radiation hazards, 18, 20, 73, 147 bedding and nesting materials, 52, 53, Rainbow trout, 112 68-69 Rat Genome and Nomenclature Committee, breeding, xviii, 49, 52, 57 77 caloric restriction, 67 Rat theilovirus, 112 diseases, 111, 112, 113 Rats (see also Rodents) enrichment, 53, 54 acclimation, 111 euthanasia, 124 albino, 48-49 GMAs, 28, 68, 145-146 bedding and nesting materials, 52 housing, 53, 57, 145-146 breeding animals, 52 identification/nomenclature, 77 caloric restriction, 67 illumination, 48, 49, 137 diseases, 45, 111, 112 implanted systems, 29 GMAs, 145-146 noise and vibration effects, 49, 50 identification/nomenclature, 77 Read the entire page →
From page 219... ... breeding, genetics, and nomenclature, Separation of animals by health status and 75-76 species, 111-112 emergency, weekend, and holiday care, Sheep, 62, 64, 111, 156, 176-177, 191-192 74-75 Simian hemorrhagic fever, 111-112 enrichment, 52-54 Simian immunodeficiency virus, 111-112 environment, 42-50 Social environment, xviii, 51, 53, 64, 82-83, food and feeding, 65-67 121 (see also Behavioral and social housing, 50-63 management; Enrichment; Housing) husbandry, 65-75 Space requirements identification, 75 agricultural animals, 60-63 illumination, 47-49 aquatic species, 83 macroenvironment, 42 general considerations, 55-56 management, 63-77 IACUC review, 56 microenvironment, 42, 50-52 laboratory rodents, xviii, 56-58 noise and vibration, 49-50 "minimum," xviii pest control, 74 nonhuman primates, 58-61 population management, 75-77 other common species (dogs, cats, procedural habituation and training, rabbits; pigeons, quail, chickens) Read the entire page →
From page 220... ... anesthetic gases, 21, 147 disposal options, 73-74 U drainage, 54, 138 Unexpected outcomes, 28-29, 34 flushing, 72 US Department of Agriculture, 19, 30, 107, gases from primary enclosures, 46 148, 157 hazardous materials, 20, 73-74, 148-149 US Fish and Wildlife Service, 106, 107, 157 soiled bedding, 85, 143 U.S. Government Principles for the storage before incineration or removal, Utilization and Care of Vertebrate 136, 142 Animals Used in Testing, Research, training, 20, 74 and Training, 4, 12, 199-200 wastewater, 80, 87 Uses and users of the Guide, 4-5 Water/fluids devices and delivery systems, 68 outdoor sources, 68 V quality for aquatic species, 78-79, 85 regulated, 30-31 Vaccine challenges/studies, 27 terrestrial species, 67-68 Ventilation and airflow (see also Air quality) Read the entire page →

From page 209...

... agricultural research, 156, 178-179, 192 (see also Aquatic 32-33 species) environment and housing, 29, 33, 43, Anesthesia and analgesia 44, 137, 176-177 considerations in selection of agents, 75, floor drains, 137, 138 121 information resources, 33, 176-177, equipment/delivery, 34, 122, 145, 147 191-192 euthanasia agent, 124 protocol review, 32-33 field conditions, 32, 117 space requirements, 60, 62-63 monitoring, 119-120, 122, 123 surgery, 117, 144, 145 neuromuscular blocking agents, 122-123 veterinary care, 145, 191-182 oversight, 34, 156 Air pressure, 45, 47, 139, 145-146, 149-150 pain management, 12, 121-122 Air quality and airborne contaminants, preemptive analgesia, 121 45-47 principles governing use, 12, 14, 26 Airflow (see Ventilation and airflow)

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From page 210...

... separation of housing and research/ Aquatic species, 2 (see also Amphibians; surgery areas, 134, 144 Fish; Reptiles) visual, 51, 53, 83 algal growth, 86 Bedding, nesting, and substrates behavior and social management, 84 aquatic species, 85 diseases, 112 autoclaving, 69, 136, 146 emergency, weekend, and holiday care, behavioral aspects, 52 87 changing, 46, 47, 52, 69, 70, 73 enrichment and social housing, 82-83 disposal, 19, 20 environment, 77-82 enrichment aspects, 67 facilities, 150-151 environmental aspects, 43, 44, 46, 47, food and feeding, 84-85 49, 52, 53, 69, 71 housing, 82-83, 150-151 experimental influences, 68, 69 husbandry, 84-87 illumination and, 49 identification, 87 materials, 68-69 illumination, 81 outdoor facilities, 54 life support system, 79-80 storage, 136, 141 macroenvironment, 77-78, 86 terrestrial species, 52, 68-69

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From page 211...

... Canadian Council on Animal Care, 16 Biologic agents and hazards, 18, 19, 20, 21, Carcass disposal, 20, 73-74, 138, 142 111, 112-113, 148, 170-172 Cardiovascular shock models, 27 Biosecurity, animal, xviii, 105, 107, 108, Cats 109-110, 111, 135, 170-172 behavioral and social management, 58, Birds, 41, 44, 48, 49, 60, 121, 144, 156, 59, 63-64, 180-181 179-180, 193 enrichment, 53 Bites and scratches, 18, 23 environmental requirements, 43, 44, 53, Breeding and reproduction 180-181 aquatic animals, 44, 80, 82, 83, 87, 88 housing and space, 49, 56, 58, 59, caloric restriction and, 67 180-181 cryopreservation of fertilized embryos, procurement, 106 ova, ovaries, or spermatozoa, 76, recommended reading, 180-181, 193 107 recordkeeping, 75-76 enriched environments and, 83 veterinary care, 193 genetic management, 76, 77 Cattle, 62-63, 64, 176-177, 191-192 (see GMAs, 28, 76 also Agricultural animals) lighting and, 48, 137 Cedar shavings, 69, 156

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From page 212...

... laboratory animals, 2 Clinical care and management life support system, 79 emergency care, 114 macroenvironment, 42 medical management, 114 "may," 8 recordkeeping, 115 microenvironment, 42 Clothing and footwear, 20, 21, 146 "must," 8 Cold storage and refrigeration, 66, 73, 136, performance standard, 6-7 142 policies, 7 Cold stress, 43, 44, 53 practice standard, 7 Collaborations, interinstitutional, 15 principles, 7 Computer modeling procedures, 7 alternative to animal use, 5, 12, 25, 199 "should," 8 facility design, 46, 133 thermoneutral zone, 43 genetic variability, 76 three Rs, 4-5 Conditioned-response protocols, 31 Dehydration, 68 Construction guidelines, 136-143 Desiccation stress, 45, 46 Containment of hazardous materials, 21, Diet and dietary control (see also Food and 148-149 feedng) Contaminants abrupt changes in, 67 airborne, 22, 45, 46-47, 139, 140, 143, aquatic animals, 84, 85 145, 146-147, 149 autoclavable, 66 bedding, 69, 141, 146 caloric management, 31, 57, 67 cleaning implements, 72, 85 certified diets, 65 food, 19, 65, 66, 67, 84, 141, 146 chemically defined diets, 65, 66 genetic, 76 natural-ingredient, 65, 66 microbial, 72, 81, 108, 109, 110, 113, nutritionally balanced, 67 118, 144-145 purified diets, 65, 66 recommended readings quality assurance, 65, 66 water, 67-68, 81, 86, 138 treats, 67 Convention on International Trade in Disaster planning, 35, 74-75 Endangered Species of Wild Fauna Disease control, 23, 72, 81, 108, 109, 110, and Flora, 107 112-113, 118, 144-145, 190 Corridors, 86, 134, 136, 137, 141, 142 Disease susceptibility, 19, 42 Cryogens, 147

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From page 213...

... aquatic species, 77-82 defined, 121 recommended reading, 172-175 neuromuscular blocking agents and, terrestrial species, 42-50 122-123 Eosinopenia, 49 recommended reading, 188-190 Ergonomic injury, 19 Diurnal cycles, 48, 141 Ethical considerations, xiii, xvii, 4-5, 12 Dogs recommended reading, 163-164 behavioral and social management, 29, training in, 17 59, 63-64, 180-181 Euthanasia (see also Humane endpoints) enrichment, 53 AV responsibility, 106, 114, 156 environmental requirements, 43, 44, AVMA Guidelines, 123 180-181 carbon dioxide for rodents, 124 housing and space, 49, 58, 59, 136, criteria for, 123 138, 180-181 defined, 123 infusion pumps, 29 disaster planning, 35 pain and distress, 121 fetuses and larval life forms, 123-124 procurement, 106 field studies, 32 recommended reading, 180-181, 193 methods, 123-124 recordkeeping, 75-76 pest control, 74 veterinary care, 193 preemptive, 28 Doors, 136, 137, 138, 142, 143, 144, 149, psychological effects on personnel, 124 150 training, 17, 124 Drafts, 46, 140 Exercise (see Activity and exercise)

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From page 214...

... Floors, 137-138 aquatic species, 82-83 Food and Drug Administration Good design considerations, 51 Laboratory Practice standards, 65 environmental enrichment, 52-54, 82Food and feeding (see also Diet) 83, 173-175 aquatic species, 84-85 flooring, 51-52, 54 enrichment activities with, 67 life support system, 79-80 feeders, 66-67 naturalistic environments, 55, 83 management of caloric intake, 67 occupational health and safety restricted or scheduled access, 30-31 considerations, 19-20 sanitation of feeders and waterers, 71-72 recommended reading, 172-173 storage, vermin control, and handling, repair or replacement, 51 65-66 sheltered or outdoor, 42, 44, 51, 54-55, terrestrial species, 65-67 68, 74, 81, 83, 118, 134, 135, 139, 140 social, 51, 55, 58-59, 60, 82-83 G terrestrial species, 50-63 Genetically modified animals (GMAs)

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From page 215...

... food and fluid regulation, 30-31 aquatic species, 84-88 investigating and reporting animal medical, 114 welfare concerns, 23 recommended reading, 172-173 membership and function of committee, terrestrial species, 63-77 17, 24-25 Mice (see also Rodents) multiple survival surgical procedures, 30 acclimation, 111 non-pharmaceutical-grade chemicals or aggression in males, 53, 64 substances, 31 anxiety studies, 53 occupational health and safety and, 17 bedding and nesting materials, 52, 53, physical restraint, 29-30 68 program management and, 13, 14-15 breeding animals, 52 protocol review, 25-26 caloric restriction, 67 recommended reading, 169-170 enrichment, 53, 54 special considerations during review GMAs, 28, 68, 145-146 process, 27-33 housing, 53, 57, 145-146 surgery and, 115-118 identification/nomenclature, 77 surgical procedures, 30 illumination, 49, 137 training and education, 15 infections, 111, 112 unexpected outcomes, 28-29 nude or hairless animals, 68 Institutional official, 13-14, 17, 23, 24, 25, recommended reading, 184-187, 30, 35 194-196 International Air Transport Association, 107 social stress, 53 International Committee on Standardized space requirements, 57, 156 Genetic Nomenclature for Mice, 77 specific pathogen-free mice, 145-146 Invertebrate animals, 2 temperature and humidity, 43, 45 Irradiation facilities, 157-158 toe-clipping, 75

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From page 216...

... administrative controls, 18 Monoclonal antibody production, 27 animal housing systems, 19-20 Moribund state, 28 collaborative approach, 17, 21 Mouse hepatitis virus, 112, 113 control and prevention strategies, 18 Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, 112 engineering controls, 18, 19 facility and equipment support, 19-20 field studies or wildlife research, 18 N hazard identification and risk National Institutes of Health, 19, 155 assessment, 18-19 National Research Council Committee on hazardous animal experimentation, 18, Animal Nutrition, 65 20-21 Necropsies, 21 hazardous material containment, 149 Nesting (see Bedding, nesting, and hygiene, 18, 19, 20 substrates) medical evaluation and preventive Neuromuscular blocking agents, 122-123 medicine for personnel, 22-23 Nocturnal animals, 48 monitoring, 19-20 Noise and vibration noise exposure, 22, 49 aquatic animals, 81-82 personal protective equipment, 18, 20, control, 142, 143 21, 23, 109, 146, 148, 167-172 hearing protection for personnel, 22, 49 recommended reading, 17, 19, 21, terrestrial animals, 49-50 170-172 Non-pharmaceutical-grade chemicals or regulations, 17, 18, 20, 21 substances, 31-32 reporting requirements, 23-24 Nonhuman primates responsibility, 18 acclimation, 111 safety committee, 17-18, 21, 32 behavioral and social management, xviii, security, 23 29, 53 training, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24 enrichment, 53, 67, 137 Organ or system failure research, 27 environment, 43, 44, 45, 50, 139 Other animals, recommended reading, food and feeding, 67 187-188 housing, xviii, 49, 111-112, 136 Outdoor enclosures/habitats, 42, 44, 51, illumination, 48 54-55, 68, 74, 81, 83, 118, 134, 135, infections, 23, 111-112 139, 140 Oversight (see also Institutional Animal Care infusion pumps, 29 noise and vibration effects, 50 and Use Committee)

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From page 217...

... power and lighting, 141 analgesics and anesthetics, 12, 121-123 recommended reading, 196-197 chronic, 122 security and access control, 151 guidelines and, 12, 199-200 storage areas, 141-142 humane endpoints, 5, 27, 123 vibration control, 142 indicators of, 120-121, 123 walls and ceilings, 138-139 modeling/studies, 28 windows, exterior, 137 monitoring GMAs for, 29 Phytoestrogens, 65 multiple survival surgical procedures, 30 Pigeons, 60, 180, 193 postoperative, 117, 120 Pilot studies, 26, 28 prevention or alleviation, 5, 12, 26, 33, Poikilothermic animals, 41, 44, 55, 80, 82, 35, 105, 114, 120-121, 200 108 recommended reading, 120, 188-190 Policies, defined, 7 restraint devices, 29 Population management studies of, 34 aquatic species, 87-88 "wind-up" phenomenon, 120 breeding, genetics, and nomenclature, Parvoviruses, 113 75-76 Pasteurella multocida, 112 identification, 75, 87 Pedigree management, 55, 76, 87 recordkeeping, 75-76, 87-88 Performance standard, defined, 6-7 terrestrial species, 75-77 Personnel (see also Occupational health Poultry, 44, 48, 60 and safety program; Training and Practice standard, 7, 12 education; specific personnel) Preventive medicine animal welfare concerns and, 23-24 animal biosecurity, xviii, 79, 105, 107, hygiene, 18, 19, 20 108, 109-110, 111, 135 management, 15-24 disease surveillance, diagnosis, and medical evaluation and preventive treatment, 112-113 medicine for, 22-23 quarantine and stabilization, 110-111 occupational health and safety program, separation of animals by health status 17-23 and species, 111-112 protection, 21-22 Primary enclosures, 42, 43, 44-45, 46, 50 security, 23 52, 72, 77, 82 (see also Cages and Pest control, 74, 87, 110 caging; Microenvironment)

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From page 218...

... nomenclature, 77 acclimation, 111 recommended reading, 184-187 aggression in males, 53, 64 sanitation of cages, 71 n.2 albino animals, 48-49, 141 space requirements, xviii, 59 anxiety studies, 53 Rabies, 22 barrier facilities, 145-146 Radiation hazards, 18, 20, 73, 147 bedding and nesting materials, 52, 53, Rainbow trout, 112 68-69 Rat Genome and Nomenclature Committee, breeding, xviii, 49, 52, 57 77 caloric restriction, 67 Rat theilovirus, 112 diseases, 111, 112, 113 Rats (see also Rodents) enrichment, 53, 54 acclimation, 111 euthanasia, 124 albino, 48-49 GMAs, 28, 68, 145-146 bedding and nesting materials, 52 housing, 53, 57, 145-146 breeding animals, 52 identification/nomenclature, 77 caloric restriction, 67 illumination, 48, 49, 137 diseases, 45, 111, 112 implanted systems, 29 GMAs, 145-146 noise and vibration effects, 49, 50 identification/nomenclature, 77

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From page 219...

... breeding, genetics, and nomenclature, Separation of animals by health status and 75-76 species, 111-112 emergency, weekend, and holiday care, Sheep, 62, 64, 111, 156, 176-177, 191-192 74-75 Simian hemorrhagic fever, 111-112 enrichment, 52-54 Simian immunodeficiency virus, 111-112 environment, 42-50 Social environment, xviii, 51, 53, 64, 82-83, food and feeding, 65-67 121 (see also Behavioral and social housing, 50-63 management; Enrichment; Housing) husbandry, 65-75 Space requirements identification, 75 agricultural animals, 60-63 illumination, 47-49 aquatic species, 83 macroenvironment, 42 general considerations, 55-56 management, 63-77 IACUC review, 56 microenvironment, 42, 50-52 laboratory rodents, xviii, 56-58 noise and vibration, 49-50 "minimum," xviii pest control, 74 nonhuman primates, 58-61 population management, 75-77 other common species (dogs, cats, procedural habituation and training, rabbits; pigeons, quail, chickens)

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From page 220...

... anesthetic gases, 21, 147 disposal options, 73-74 U drainage, 54, 138 Unexpected outcomes, 28-29, 34 flushing, 72 US Department of Agriculture, 19, 30, 107, gases from primary enclosures, 46 148, 157 hazardous materials, 20, 73-74, 148-149 US Fish and Wildlife Service, 106, 107, 157 soiled bedding, 85, 143 U.S. Government Principles for the storage before incineration or removal, Utilization and Care of Vertebrate 136, 142 Animals Used in Testing, Research, training, 20, 74 and Training, 4, 12, 199-200 wastewater, 80, 87 Uses and users of the Guide, 4-5 Water/fluids devices and delivery systems, 68 outdoor sources, 68 V quality for aquatic species, 78-79, 85 regulated, 30-31 Vaccine challenges/studies, 27 terrestrial species, 67-68 Ventilation and airflow (see also Air quality)

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Index Pages 209-220

Index
Pages 209-220