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From page 275... ... , 86 158, 171, 176, 226, 236, 239 ASTRONET study, 83, 86, 96 recommended augmentation, 5, 236 Astronomers and astrophysicists Advanced Technology Solar Telescope, 34, 64, AAS membership, 117-118, 121 147, 171, 172, 181, 182, 188, 202, 203, amateur, 103, 107 231, 240, 263 contributions of, 4 AGIS (see Advanced Gamma-ray Imaging demography, 116-124 System) engagement in education, 111-112 Read the entire page →
From page 276... ... women, 30, 127, 128-129 Auger, 81, 75, 164, 251 Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee, 100, 101, 102, 135, 143, 153 B Astronomy and Astrophysics in the New Millennium, 16 n.2, 26, 81, 87, 95, 96, Balloon programs, 22, 59, 99-100, 150, 156, 167, 174, 175, 176, 185, 198, 214 175, 196-197, 217, 221, 222 Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Grants Baryon Oscillations Spectroscopic Survey, 165 Program, 5, 25-26, 133, 140, 142, 152, Big bang, 1, 10, 13, 48, 52, 57, 59, 69, 72, 74, 236, 239 104, 110, 111, 137, 197-198 recommended augmentation, 5, 236 Big Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, Astronomy and Physics Research and Analysis 227, 261-262 grants program, 32, 133, 155-156, 157, Big Bear Solar Observatory, 180 162, 217, 220-221 BigBOSS (see Big Baryon Oscillation Astrophysics Theory Program, 5, 21, 133, 140, Spectroscopic Survey) 141, 142, 219, 222, 238 Black holes recommended augmentation, 5, 219 accretion, 8, 59, 138, 190-191 ATA (see Allen Telescope Array) Read the entire page →
From page 277... ... quasars, 11, 49-50, 79, 190, 203, 261 COBE (see Cosmic Background Explorer) radio astronomy, 52-53, 262 Combined Array for Research in Millimeter simulations, 136, 138 wave Astronomy, 54, 92, 93, 169, 251 spectroscopic analysis, 53 Community Instrumentation Programs, 152 supermassive, 35, 42, 43, 52-53, 57-58, 59, Compact objects (see also Black holes; Neutron 62, 63, 75, 246 stars) Read the entire page →
From page 278... ... DOE, 31, 141, 143, 146, 147 CTIO (see Cerro Tololo Inter-American FIRST archive, 145 Observatory) ground-based projects, 31 HST archive, 143, 144, 145 LSST potential, 22, 143, 201, 203, 206 D NASA, 31, 143-144, 146, 147 NSF, 31, 146, 147 Dark energy, 35, 79, 98, 101, 173, 199, 246 NVSS archive, 145 Baryon Oscillations Spectroscopic Survey, proposal opportunities, 133 165 recommendations, 31, 146, 147 content of the universe, 49, 197 reduction and analysis software, 148 and cosmic acceleration, 13, 16, 47, 49, 70, SDSS archive, 143, 145 196, 197, 200 virtual observatories, 142, 145-146 cosmological constant and, 71, 197 WFIRST potential, 201 Dark Energy Camera, 100, 158, 165 DataNet program (Sustainable Digital Data Dark Energy Survey, 81 Preservation and Access Network Gemini studies, 5, 170, 177 Partners) Read the entire page →
From page 279... ... National Nuclear Security Administration, ESM (Electromagnetic Spectrum 31, 162, 165 Management) , 152 nuclear weapons mission, 158 Euclid, see European Space Agency Office of High Energy Physics, 80, 98-99, Europa Jupiter System Mission, 97, 212 100, 140, 163, 164, 240 European Extremely Large Telescope, 83, 84, 94, Office of Nuclear Physics, 80 95-96, 229, 231 Office of Science, 14, 31, 98, 102, 162 European Southern Observatory, 82, 83, 88, 94, particle astrophysics projects, 98, 99, 140, 229, 231 163-165, 185, 188 European Space Agency (ESA) Read the entire page →
From page 280... ... , 44 molecular signatures, 12, 39, 41, 67-68, 77, Galaxies 296 active, 117, 118, 246 New Worlds Technology Development baryon cycling, 57, 137, 205-206, 247 Program, 3, 7, 20, 215-217, 237 black holes/nuclei, 1, 7, 11, 13, 42, 43, 52-53, science objectives, 2, 36, 57, 189, 191-195, 57-59, 62, 63, 74-75, 107, 117, 118, 137, 196 190-191, 192, 198, 209, 228 stellar characteristics, 196, 202, 247 chemistry, 57, 61, 76, 77, 204 technology development, 20, 195 clusters, 47, 52, 71, 73, 74, 117, 118, 120, water, 12, 39 197, 198, 200, 213-214, 234, 246 Expanded Very Large Array, 50, 53, 82, 85, 93, dark energy and, 197 96, 169, 172, 179, 251 dark matter, 51, 52-53, 58, 59, 62, 69, 71, 72, Explorer program 73, 137, 190, 203 budget/costs/funding, 8, 17, 18 distribution mapping, 47, 52, 69, 197, 200, Galaxy Evolution Explorer, 18, 63, 150, 166, 261 168, 208, 219, 221 earliest, 5, 10, 11, 49, 50, 137, 177, 189, 192, MIDEX missions, 8, 17-18, 37, 47, 69, 80, 99, 228 133, 149-150, 166, 168, 208, 210, 221 formation and evolution, 3, 5, 6, 8, 11, 16, Missions of Opportunity, 8, 18, 150, 208, 18, 21, 35, 39, 42, 45, 49, 51, 52, 58, 59, 209, 210, 217 72, 74-75, 137, 150, 189, 190-191, 192, recommendation, 8, 18, 208-209 198, 201, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 218, Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar 220, 227, 234, 246, 247, 261-262 Spectroscopic Imager, 18 gamma-ray surveys, 164 SMEX missions, 8, 18; see also GEMS gas distributions and exchanges, 73, 190, Swift mission, 17, 18, 37, 80, 133, 149-150, 192, 203, 228, 246 166, 168, 210 gravitational lensing, 73, 197, 200, 205 WISE, 17, 18, 150, 166, 168, 210 gravitational waves, 11, 39, 75, 192 WMAP, 17-18, 47, 69, 80, 99, 149, 168, 208, high-redshift, 76, 202 210, 221 hot gases, 2, 3, 5, 52, 57, 58, 71-72, 213-214 Read the entire page →
From page 281... ... , all-sky maps, 164, 227, 241, 263 169 black holes, 51, 59, 75, 149-150, 198 Grand Telescopio Canarias, 82 burst events, 18, 37, 44-45, 75, 141 n.7, 149, Gravitational lensing, 16, 52, 71, 73, 135, 197 200, 223 198, 200, 223, 262 Čerenkov Telescope Array, 7, 24, 25, 97, 233 Gravitational microlensing, 12, 16, 103, 135, dark matter, 24, 72, 200, 204, 233 192-193, 196, 205, 207, 208 FGST, 43, 59, 72, 80, 81, 97, 99, 100, 132- Gravitational wave astronomy, 263 133, 140, 159, 164-165, 166 Advanced LIGO, 18, 39, 66, 75, 76, 98, 99 HAWC experiment, 227, 241, 263 black hole mergers and, 3, 13, 39, 42, 43, 45, suborbital programs, 150 53, 74-75, 98, 136, 191, 199, 200, 262 supernova explosions, 66, 67 bursts of radiation, 191, 192, 200 VERITAS, 59, 81, 97, 159, 164, 169, 232, 233 CMB research, 70-71, 197-198, 200, 217, very high energy, 3-4, 24, 67, 198, 227, 232- 262-263 234, 241, 249, 263 detection, 13, 20, 39, 199, 227, 251 Gemini Observatory, 132 discovery potential of, 35, 36, 39, 42-43, 45, costs, 177, 178 74-75, 201, 247 dark energy surveys, 5, 170, 177 exoplanet surveys, 192-193, 204 data archives, 145 galaxy formation, 11, 39, 75, 192 Read the entire page →
From page 282... ... , 89 MRI, 6, 92, 151, 153, 157, 171, 176, 225, 227 High Altitude Observatory, 99, 180-181 open access to privately owned telescopes, High Altitude Water Čerenkov experiment, 227, 26, 33, 88, 90, 92, 152, 153, 176, 177, 178, 241, 263 194, 231, 239, 251 High Energy Physics Advisory Panel, 99, 100, recommendations, 4, 5, 34, 153, 156, 182, 163, 188, 240 236 HST, see Hubble Space Telescope ReSTAR, 88, 171, 176, 177, 178 solar telescope, 263 Read the entire page →
From page 283... ... DOE, 22, 97, 164, 165, 233 Gemini, 26, 33, 81, 83, 89, 170, 178, 236 NASA, 5, 8, 18-19, 93, 94, 97, 155, 166, 212 K 213, 214-215, 218, 237-238, 240, 257, 258 NSF, 5, 6, 7, 25, 26, 33, 88, 89, 92, 93, 95, Keck Observatory, 38, 89, 90, 167, 169, 200, 216, 165, 169, 170, 176-179, 232, 233, 236 229 strategic planning, 28, 86-87 Kepler mission, 12, 16, 37, 40, 81, 133, 166, 168, International Traffic in Arms Regulations, 84, 192, 193, 195, 196, 205, 215, 259 175 Kitt Peak National Observatory, 87, 89, 170, 261 International Virtual Observatory, 142 Kuiper belt, 6, 38, 43, 216 n.17 International X-ray Observatory complementary technology, 20, 97, 215 cost/funding, 8, 19, 155, 214, 237, 238, 251, L 257, 258, 259 La Silla Observatory, 88 design/configuration, 19, 213, 214 Laboratory astrophysics partnerships, 8, 19, 93-94, 97, 214 ALMA, 160, 161 laboratory astrophysics demands, 22, 220 CCAT, 160 launch date and mission timeline, 19, 212, DOE, 31-32, 159, 161, 162, 162, 165, 220 214 221, 266 recommendation, 8, 213-215 IXO, 22, 220 science objectives, 3, 8, 19, 20, 190-191, 192, NASA, 5, 32, 162, 220-221 196, 198, 200, 202, 213-214, 215 NSF, 5, 32, 159, 161, 162 technical risk, 3, 8, 214, 215 recommended augmentation, 5, 32, 220-221 technology development, 19, 155, 214, 215, scope and needs, 159-161 237-238 Large Area Telescope, 164-165 International Year of Astronomy, 108 Large Binocular Telescope, 89, 216 Interstellar medium, 5, 21, 53, 66, 76, 77, 111, Large Hadron Collider, 72, 204 117, 118, 120, 137, 203, 218, 220, 246 Large Synoptic Survey Telescope IRAM telescopes, 82 cost/funding, 6, 22-23, 92, 153, 176, 188 n.7, IRAS (Infrared Astronomy Satellite) , 80 223, 224-225, 227, 238, 239, 240, 251 Isaac Newton Telescope, 107 dark energy survey, 3, 6, 22, 174, 197, 200, 223 IXO (see International X-ray Observatory) Read the entire page →
From page 284... ... , 97, 232 MMT Observatory, 89 Magnetars, 76 MREFC (see Major Research Equipment and Magnetic fields and magnetic activity, 57, 61, Facilities Construction) 63-64, 67, 75, 76, 137, 158 n.25, 160-161, MRI (see Major Research Instrumentation 171-172, 181, 199, 203, 220, 247 Program) Read the entire page →
From page 285... ... Division, 24, 251, 253, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259 25, 32, 33-34, 60, 80, 93, 98, 99, 100-101, core research program, 21-22, 131, 133 109, 133, 134, 140, 141, 152, 153, 157 grant programs, 32, 132-133, 135, 140, 155- 158, 161, 162, 165, 168, 169, 170, 171, 156, 157, 162, 201, 207, 217, 220-221 172-173, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, Heliophysics Division, 80, 182 n.16 187, 188, 226, 227, 233, 238-240, 266 interagency collaborations, 5, 8, 16-17, 97, ATI program, 5, 25, 92, 146, 151, 152, 157 99-100, 101, 135, 147, 159, 165, 174, 185, 158, 171, 176, 226, 236, 239 205, 206-207, 220-221, 257, 258, 259 Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences international collaborations, 5, 8, 18-19, 93, Division, 80, 93, 99, 168-169, 180, 94, 97, 155, 166, 212-213, 214-215, 218, 181-182 237-238, 240, 257, 258 balloon program, 99 JDEM, 17, 97, 159, 174, 206-207, 257, 258, budget/costs/funding, 5, 6, 7, 14, 22-23, 32, 259 92, 93, 96, 98, 134, 152, 161, 169-170, laboratory astrophysics, 5, 32, 162, 220-221 176, 179-180, 181-182, 187-188, 238-240, Minority University Research and Education 253, 262-263 Program, 127 Committee of Visitors, 101, 153 Planetary Exploration program, 140 Community Instrumentation Programs, 152 public outreach and education, 105, 108, core research program, 4, 21, 131, 235-237 109, 112 data handling and curation, 31, 146, 147 public-private partnerships, 88, 89, 90, 167, 169 Directorate for Education and Human recommendations for, 15, 19, 29, 31, 32, 34, Resources, 109 102, 116, 142, 147, 162, 174-175, 201, Directorate for Mathematical and Physical 218, 237-238 Sciences, 98, 100, 101, 134, 152, 153, 226, Science Mission Directorate, 168 227 Spitzer Infrared Processing and Analysis Frontier Centers, 140, 141 Center, 105 Geosciences Directorate, 99 Suborbital Program, 5, 150-151, 167, 194, grant programs, 5, 25-26, 29, 98, 99, 109, 221-222 133, 134-135, 140-141, 142, 151-153, 173, technology development, 5, 20, 21-22, 112, 201, 236, 239 149, 154-157, 174, 214-217, 218, 219-220, instrumentation programs, 5, 26, 29, 33, 90, 237-238 92, 140-141, 149, 151-153, 170-171, 172 theory and computation networks, 5, 22, 31, 173, 176, 177, 178, 194, 225, 226, 231, 141-142, 201, 222, 237 236, 239, 251 training and career development, 114, 116, interagency collaborations, 5, 22-23, 25, 81, 127, 133-134, 149, 157 89, 99-100, 147, 165, 188, 223, 225 Read the entire page →
From page 286... ... astronomy (see also senior reviews of facility support, 32, 87-88, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope; Gemini 101, 153, 170, 173, 176, 177 Observatory; Giant Segmented Mirror solar astronomy, 34, 99, 168, 169, 171-172, Telescope) 173, 175, 180-182 dark energy, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 16, 17, 22, 170, 177, technology development, 5, 20, 100, 149, 197, 200, 205-206, 207, 208, 223 152, 157-158, 175, 226, 236, 238-239, dark matter, 6, 22, 158, 223, 240 251 data archiving, 145, 148 TSIP, 5, 26, 29, 33, 90, 92, 140-141, 153, 171, NOAO, 33, 87-88, 89, 90, 92, 95, 132, 170, 171, 176, 177, 178, 194, 231, 236, 239, 251 176, 177, 178-179, 225 training and career development, 109, 128, NSF, 33, 87-88, 89, 90, 92, 95, 100, 168, 169, 141, 149, 151-152 170, 173, 175, 176-179, 181, 185 National Solar Observatory, 34, 99, 172, 180, telescope instrument development, 5, 23, 26, 181 33, 90, 92, 153, 171, 176, 177, 178, 194, National Virtual Observatory, 142, 145-146 231, 236, 239, 251 Near-Earth objects, 3, 6, 18, 223 Optical Society of America, 120 Near-Infrared Sky Surveyor, 205 n.14 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Neutrinos, 35, 66, 68, 72-74, 80, 99, 137, 204, Development, 86 246, 247 Owens Valley Solar Array, 181 Neutron stars, 8, 11-12, 35, 39, 43, 45, 46, 60, 61, 66, 72, 75, 76, 79, 98, 199, 203, 204, 213, 222, 262 (see also Pulsars) Read the entire page →
From page 287... ... , 54, 93, 160 ARISE, 16 n.2 SMEX missions, see Explorer program black holes, 52-53, 262 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 131 EVLA, 50, 53, 82, 85, 93, 96, 169, 172, 179, n.1, 231 n.23 251 Smithsonian Institution, 80, 89, 93, 131 future system, 2, 179-180 SOAR (Southern Astrophysical Research) galactic mergers, 42 Telescope, 89, 169 Green Bank Telescope, 78, 85, 93, 96, 169, 179, SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared 180 n.12, 251 Astronomy) Read the entire page →
From page 288... ... , 16 n.2, 174, 195 n.2 distance measurements, 16, 70 SPICA (see Space Infrared telescope for gamma-ray astronomy, 44, 67, 206 Cosmology and Astrophysics) gravitational lensing, 197 Spitzer Space Telescope, 12, 41, 54, 62, 63, 66, gravitational wave detection, 39, 66, 76, 136, 80, 81, 132-133, 140, 165, 166, 194, 200, 197 216 n.17, 218 heavy element ejection, 58, 60-61, 63 Square Kilometer Array, 28, 33-34, 82, 83, 94, images, 61-62, 63, 67, 139 95-96, 143, 153, 175, 179, 180, 227 and neutron stars, 61, 66, 72, 203 Standard model of particle physics, 73-74 process and galactic effects, 58, 60-61, 63 Stars (see also Solar astronomy; Stellar) Read the entire page →
From page 289... ... funding, 31, 140, 141 chemistry, 76-78 general relativity, 8, 12, 18, 37, 70, 74-76, dark matter content, 13, 48, 49; 71, 72, 73, 195-196, 197, 198, 199 138, 190, 197 inflation, 69-70 epoch of inflation, 3, 13, 20-21, 37, 48, 49, particle physics, 72-74, 135-136 69, 197-198, 200, 217, 263 planet formation, 139 epoch of recombination, 48 simulations and, 136, 137 epoch of reionization, 10-11, 36, 49, 50, 92, standard cosmological model, 135, 196-197 189, 190, 192, 198, 201, 227, 246, 247, Theory and Computation Networks, 5, 22, 26, 262 30-31, 142, 222, 237, 240 hot, 2 recommended augmentation, 5, 222 inflation hypothesis, 69-70 THINGS survey, 73 most distant object detected, 18 Thirty Meter Telescope, 6, 23, 24, 94, 229-231 origin, 1, 13, 47-48 Time-domain astronomy, 2, 35, 36, 43-45, 52, priority objectives, 2 203, 225, 247, 262 Time-variable phenomena, 2, 6, 22, 143, 223 TMT (see Thirty Meter Telescope) V TRACE (Transition Region and Coronal Explorer) Read the entire page →
From page 290... ... 208, 237 black holes, 13, 19, 49-50, 53, 59, 62, 63, 75, partnership opportunities, 17, 93-94, 207 192, 198, 200 208, 237 dark matter, 71-72, 73, 203 recommendation, 3, 8, 16, 205-208 galaxies, 42, 62, 74, 191, 213-214 science objectives, 3, 8, 16, 17, 158, 190-191, gravitational waves, 41 192-193, 195-196, 197, 200, 205-206, 207, hot gases, 2, 3 208, 215-216, 223, 240 transition-edge sensors, 214 technical risks and challenges, 8, 17, 207 stars, 64 technology development/design, 17, 158, suborbital, 150 206-207 supernovae, 61, 66 Wilcox Solar Observatory, 180 technology development, 112-113, 156 Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, 17-18, X-ray Multi-mirror Mission-Newton 47, 69, 80, 99, 149, 168, 208, 210, 221 Observatory, 20, 59, 81, 133, 165, 166, 215 Read the entire page →

From page 275...

... , 86 158, 171, 176, 226, 236, 239 ASTRONET study, 83, 86, 96 recommended augmentation, 5, 236 Astronomers and astrophysicists Advanced Technology Solar Telescope, 34, 64, AAS membership, 117-118, 121 147, 171, 172, 181, 182, 188, 202, 203, amateur, 103, 107 231, 240, 263 contributions of, 4 AGIS (see Advanced Gamma-ray Imaging demography, 116-124 System) engagement in education, 111-112