Preparing for the Future of HIV/AIDS in Africa A Shared Responsibility (2011) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 15-21
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From page 15... ...
In fact, the impressive mobilization of donor funds to combat HIV/AIDS has created an environment in which 1 A pandemic is an epidemic occurring worldwide or over a very wide area, crossing boundaries of several countries, and usually affecting a large number of people. 2 For purposes of brevity, unless otherwise noted, the term Africa denotes sub-Saharan Africa throughout the report.
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Interests was to develop innovative strategies that can be used by the United States and other donor countries to respond to the challenge of HIV/AIDS in the coming decades through institutional and human resource capacity building (see Box 1-1) .3 This report is the product of that effort.
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3. What are the implications of the projected HIV incidence and overall HIV/AIDS burden from the perspective of African governments and institutions including academia and the health care sector?
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First are the hyperendemic countries of southern Africa. In addition to hosting the greatest burden of disease, these countries have faced their own particular issues because some of them are middle- or lower-middle-income countries, such as South Africa and Botswana, while others are extremely poor, such as Malawi and Zambia.
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For the lowest-income, lesscapable African countries with weak leadership around HIV/AIDS, the United States and other donors should play a larger role in the capacity-building aspects of the shared-responsibility paradigm, including leadership and infrastructure development, and should maintain strict oversight of their financial support. Given the projected burden of HIV/AIDS in the coming decades, support from international donors today can help build the infrastructure, political will, and institutional and human resource capacity that African nations will need to meet their own country-specific HIV/AIDS needs and priorities in 2020 and beyond.
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and capacity at all levels, from national governments to local communities. STUDY APPROACH In conducting this study, the 12-member committee drew on the extensive and varied experience of its members; testimony from subject matter experts in the field; input from numerous organizations; and the published literature on HIV/ AIDS epidemiology and issues of financing, foreign policy, the global health workforce, and ethics related to the pandemic.
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The emphasis of these strategies is on sustain ability and shared responsibility between the United States and other donor nations and African states. Finally, Chapter 6 addresses the crucial issue of building the capacity of African leadership for ethical decision making in dealing with the very difficult and inevitable choices that must be made in the face of the gap between treatment needs and available resources.
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