Preparing for the Future of HIV/AIDS in Africa A Shared Responsibility (2011) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Demographic Variation in the Epidemic
Appendix B: Demographic Variation in the Epidemic
Pages 195-198
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From page 195... ...
Biologically, two factors influence the relative risk of women compared with men: transmission probability and survival once infected. Evidence is inconsistent as to the relative probability of transmission from men to women compared with that from women to men.
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From page 196... ...
The distribution of risk behaviors among men and women combines with biological factors in determining the relative risk of women compared with men. Where HIV risk is concentrated in high-risk groups -- men who have sex with men, injecting drug users, and commercial sex workers -- men are more likely to be infected than women.
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From page 197... ...
. Over time, the disadvantage experienced by children losing their parents has translated into a higher risk of pregnancy, STIs, and HIV infection as the orphaned children have reached adolescence (Birdthistle et al., 2008; Floyd et al., 2007; Gregson et al., 2005; Robertson et al., 2010)
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From page 198... ...
2007. Time from HIV seroconver sion to death: A collaborative analysis of eight studies in six low and middle-income countries before highly active antiretroviral therapy.
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