Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

Summary
Pages 1-14

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 1...
... Despite the recent mobilization of donor funds, resources are strained, and the capacity of the region's health care systems to absorb the increasing treatment load is precarious. Ensuring adequate institutional and human resources to meet the challenges of HIV/AIDS in Africa 10 to 15 years into the future will therefore require visionary strategic planning and investments in capacity building.
From page 2...
... As such, it is not surprising to find that HIV epidemics across Africa range from highly concentrated to highly general ized, and the responses by African nations have been equally varied, ranging from intense interventions to complete denial of HIV disease. Given this heterogeneity, as well as the diversity of African institutions and circumstances, the programs and policies recommended in this report require tailoring to local circumstances.
From page 3...
... Through PEPFAR and support for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the United States helped galvanize an extraordinary global response to a single disease and mobilize donor and private-sector resources on an unprecedented scale. Despite this momentum, the expected expansion of the epidemic in the coming decade portends significant challenges for the United States and the global community in sustaining these commitments.
From page 4...
... interests, and strengthens global capacities to respond to HIV/AIDS and other global health challenges. One way for the United States to accomplish these goals while addressing its own fiscal concerns is to transition to a model for long-term sustainability based on shared responsibility with African partner states and the broader international community.
From page 5...
... African science academies can make important contributions to these efforts, providing balanced, multidisciplinary, authoritative, and evidence-based locally appropriate advice. Finally, coordinating core public health functions through national public health institutes and health resource partner institutions and networks can result in more efficient use of resources, improved delivery of public health services, and increased capacity to respond decisively to public health threats and opportunities.
From page 6...
... At the micro level, health care providers decide what expenditures to recommend for the benefit of each individual patient. At any of these three levels of decision making, when people whose needs exceed available resources have approximately the same clinical status or risk exposure, medical criteria are insufficient to guide resource allocation decisions.
From page 7...
... The range of such actors might include local health service providers, local health care system managers, HIV/AIDS program implementers, civil society (communitybased and nongovernmental organizations) , traditional community leaders, local public officials, academic institutions, national public officials, regional organizations, and the media (to promote responsible and balanced reporting of informa tion so as to foster participatory democracy)
From page 8...
... The contract should incentivize shared responsibility whereby additive donor resources are provided to a large extent as matching funds for partner countries' investments of their own domestic resources in health. Such matching funds should not be a uniform ratio; rather, the ratio should vary based on each African partner's ability to contribute.
From page 9...
... As part of their roadmap, African governments should: • nvest sufficiently in HIV/AIDS prevention, following globally i accepted best prevention practices; • isclose national and subnational prevention outcomes and impacts and d how they vary geographically and over time; and • erform yearly evaluations to determine success as measured by p change in HIV incidence data, as discussed in Recommendation 2-1. Recommendation 4-2: Develop and promote more efficient models of HIV/ AIDS care and treatment.
From page 10...
... Such models should include developing cadres of managers and support staff outside the clinical health sector, encouraging needs based training and task sharing within the health sector, focusing on retention through compensation and other incentives, utilizing infor mation technologies, and harnessing the informal health sector. • ecommendation 5-1c: In Africa, governments and institutions R should work together in planning the African health care workforce based on projected needs derived from national data and analyses of future human resource requirements.
From page 11...
... Private-sector organizations, professional organizations, faith-based organizations, aca demic and research institutions, militaries, foundations, and civil society organizations should increase funding for and participation in meaningful, effective, and innovative partnerships designed to build African capacity now to address the full extent of the HIV/AIDS burden over the next 10 years. • ecommendation 5-4a: New U.S.−African partnerships between R local vocational or technical schools that train allied health profes sionals, laboratory technicians, informatics specialists, and/or health administrators should be explored and encouraged.
From page 12...
... It is the committee's hope that this report will contribute to the global fight 8 Operations research seeks to identify and address barriers related to the performance of specific projects. Implementation research seeks to create generalizable knowledge that can be applied across settings and contexts to answer central questions (such as how multiple interventions can be pack aged effectively to capture cost efficiencies and reduce the splintering of health systems into diseasespecific programs)
From page 13...
... 2010. Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic 2010.


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.