What You Need to Know About Infectious Disease (2011) / Chapter Skim
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III Global Challenges
III Global Challenges
Pages 27-33
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From page 27... ...
The crates and containers in which goods are shipped worldwide provide safe passage world population is expected to rise for disease vectors and animal pathogens. Building to more than 9 billion by 2050.
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As wealthy nations demand such foods The human population is undergoing a mass year-round, the increasing reliance on producers migration from the countryside to "megacities." abroad means that food may be contaminated Throughout history, big cities have been great during harvesting, storage, processing, incubators of infections -- with outbreaks and transport -- long before it reaches of respiratory, gastrointestinal, overseas markets. meningeal, and skin infections becoming common in Food is not the only globally crowded urban settings.
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West Nile virus emerged in the Eastern United States in 1999, during the hottest and Global climate change is expected to contribute driest summer in a century. Subsequent outbreaks in to the worldwide burden of disease and premature the Midwest in 2003, 2005, and 2006 also coincided deaths.
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Closer to home, Lyme disease surfaced when Whenever animals (including humans) , plants, abandoned farmland in the Northeastern United and microbes are introduced into new places, they States reverted to fragmented forest land -- a perfect can disrupt ecosystems in ways that increase the home for deer and the deer tick that carries the potential for infectious disease outbreaks.
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estimated 2 million deaths a year can be attributed to unsafe water supplies; about 90 percent of those In addition, developing nations face public health who die from diarrheal diseases are children in hurdles such as weak health care systems and developing nations. long distances to health care facilities.
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Rural to urban migration, for example, has led to increased HIV transmission in Africa. Bioterrorism Bioterrorism is the deliberate release of viruses, An investigator carefully examines one of the letters tainted with anthrax following the 2001 attack in the United States.
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From page 33... ...
The following section explores what we can do, individually and Another disease of concern is smallpox, a serious, collectively, to address risks posed by this evolving contagious, and sometimes fatal infection. Smallpox relationship between humans and microbes.
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