Planning a WIC Research Agenda Workshop Summary (2011) / Chapter Skim
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6 Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status
6 Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status
Pages 61-72
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From page 61... ...
This session focused on the research agenda for studying the effects of WIC on dietary intakes. Nancy Cole addressed potential research concerning the dietary intake and nutritional status of women and children, and Nancy Krebs addressed research related to infants.
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From page 62... ...
Early Steps Involving the WIC Food Package To address the question of whether WIC improves dietary intakes and nutritional status, it is useful to consider two early steps as they relate to the food package: voucher pick-up and redemption, and the consumption of WIC foods. voucher Redemption Prior research Administrative data are available that can be used to examine voucher pick-up and redemption, but they have seldom been used.
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From page 63... ...
Consumption of WIC Foods Prior research Relatively little information is available concerning the extent to which WIC foods are consumed by WIC participants. Dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys (NHANES)
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From page 64... ...
Summary of Potential Research In summary, Cole's research suggestions covered four topics related to the food package and dietary intake: • voucher redemption Trends before and after revised food packages • Consumption of WIC foods (1) Analysis of NHANES and com parison of recent WIC food consumption with consumption before the implementation of revised food packages, possibly controlling for characteristics of states' food lists; and (2)
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From page 65... ...
FITS data indicate that less than 1 percent of formula-fed infants had usual nutrient intakes that were lower than the Estimated Average Requirement or mean intakes that were lower than the Adequate Intake. However, substantial proportions of breastfed infants had inadequate intakes of iron or zinc or both.
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From page 66... ...
Proposed Research Priorities Priority One According to Krebs, the highest priority for WIC research should be how to increase breastfeeding rates in the United States. Addressing this question would require a change in the culture and administration of WIC to allow interventional research.
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From page 67... ...
. landscape NOTE: CDC = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO = World Health Organization.
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From page 68... ...
. She suggested measuring the following outcomes: rates and duration of breastfeeding, growth and nutritional status from 0 to 24 months of age, dietary quality and feeding practices from 0 to 24 months of age, maternal body mass index at 6 months, medical expenses and utilization, and WIC participation rates.
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From page 69... ...
In addition, Murphy described the importance of conducting periodic national evaluations of WIC. NHANES has strong clinical measures, but it is cross-sectional and has very limited samples of pregnant and lactating women and breastfed infants.
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From page 70... ...
The second major proposal was for a cluster-randomized controlled trial to examine how to increase breastfeeding in the United States. The third major proposal was for a longitudinal study, perhaps as a part of a periodic national WIC survey, to track a variety of outcomes associated with WIC participation.
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From page 71... ...
2000. CDC growth charts: United States.
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