Transforming Combustion Research through Cyberinfrastructure (2011) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 7-13
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From page 7... ...
Today, the world faces a crisis involving the need to make trade-offs between the ever-increasing energy demands of a growing world and the harmful environmental impacts of chemical pollutant emissions and global warming from green house gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2)
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This transformation will be accomplished through the effective exchange of information, data, and software tools among the various subdisciplines and organizations that form the combustion community, as well as through advances in predictive capabilities that leverage stateof-the-art computer simulations and computing power. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES An emerging "green revolution" in energy provides some optimism for the partial replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy sources in the coming years.
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How ever, there are limited opportunities to develop new major hydroelectric sources, and wind and solar power technologies require massive capital investment that makes them unlikely to compete on a large scale with fossil fuels for many years without large subsidies, tax, or regulatory advantages. At present, fossil fuels are much more economical than either wind or solar energy on a per kilowatt-hour basis (U.S.
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From page 10... ...
If one accepts the projection that combustion will remain a dominant energy and power source for world society for another century, there must be a commitment to making combustion perform much more efficiently, more economically, and in a much more benign way than it does today so as to preserve contemporary ways of life while society waits for new technologies to find replacement energy systems. Without modifications, current rates of emissions of greenhouse gases will likely cause environmental effects, the extent of which may not be known for generations, and other toxic emissions may pollute societies in completely unacceptable ways.
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From page 11... ...
Both projects were eventually terminated owing to inadequate financial support from their sponsors, and while the CHEMKIN simulation tools were taken over by a private company (Reaction Design, 2009) , the community kinetic mechanism activity has not been renewed, despite well-intentioned attempts to revive it (Frenklach, 2007)
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From page 12... ...
A cyberinfrastructure would provide the means needed to exchange data across all of the subdisciplines that are required to make progress in combustion: A properly designed CI could not only facilitate the sharing of data within a subdiscipline but also facilitate the transfer of information among different subdisciplines. Marshaling the power of a CI would dramatically speed the flow of information within the combustion community and consequently significantly decrease the time required to develop new combustion systems that can cleanly and efficiently burn existing fuels while assessing the relative merits of different proposed alternative fuels.
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From page 13... ...
This report contains six appendixes that provide the following: • A discussion of the GRIMech model for the combustion of natural gas, • A discussion of CHEMKIN Chemical Kinetics Software and its historical background, • A description of the computation approach, direct numerical simulation, • A discussion of chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms, • The committee meeting agendas, and • Biographies of the committee members. REFERENCES Frenklach, M
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