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Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D (2011) / Chapter Skim
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Summary Tables: Dietary Reference Intakes
Pages 1103-1116

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From page 1103...
... Summary Tables Dietary Reference Intakes Estimated Average Requirements Recommended Dietary Allowances and Adequate Intakes, Vitamins Recommended Dietary Allowances and Adequate Intakes, Elements Recommended Dietary Allowances and Adequate Intakes, Total Water and Macronutrients Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges Additional Macronutrient Recommendations Tolerable Upper Intake Levels, Vitamins Tolerable Upper Intake Levels, Elements 1103
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From page 1104...
... –12 mo 1.0 Children 1–3 y 500 100 0.87 210 13 10 5 0.4 0.4 5 4–8 y 800 100 0.76 275 22 10 6 0.5 0.5 6 Males 9–13 y 1,100 100 0.76 445 39 10 9 0.7 0.8 9 14–18 y 1,100 100 0.73 630 63 10 12 1.0 1.1 12 19–30 y 800 100 0.66 625 75 10 12 1.0 1.1 12 31–50 y 800 100 0.66 625 75 10 12 1.0 1.1 12 51–70 y 800 100 0.66 625 75 10 12 1.0 1.1 12 > 70 y 1,000 100 0.66 625 75 10 12 1.0 1.1 12 Females 9–13 y 1,100 100 0.76 420 39 10 9 0.7 0.8 9 14–18 y 1,100 100 0.71 485 56 10 12 0.9 0.9 11 19–30 y 800 100 0.66 500 60 10 12 0.9 0.9 11 31–50 y 800 100 0.66 500 60 10 12 0.9 0.9 11 51–70 y 1,000 100 0.66 500 60 10 12 0.9 0.9 11 > 70 y 1,000 100 0.66 500 60 10 12 0.9 0.9 11 Pregnancy 14–18 y 1,000 135 0.88 530 66 10 12 1.2 1.2 14 19–30 y 800 135 0.88 550 70 10 12 1.2 1.2 14 31–50 y 800 135 0.88 550 70 10 12 1.2 1.2 14 Lactation 14–18 y 1,000 160 1.05 885 96 10 16 1.2 1.3 13 19–30 y 800 160 1.05 900 100 10 16 1.2 1.3 13 31–50 y 800 160 1.05 900 100 10 16 1.2 1.3 13 NOTE: An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirements of half of the healthy individuals in a group.
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From page 1105...
... . 1 DFE = 1 µg food folate = 0.6 µg of folic acid from fortified food or as a supplement consumed with food = 0.5 µg of a supplement taken on an empty stomach.
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From page 1106...
... . 1 DFE = 1 µg food folate = 0.6 µg of folic acid from fortified food or as a supplement consumed with food = 0.5 µg of a supplement taken on an empty stomach.
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From page 1107...
... hBecause 10 to 30 percent of older people may malabsorb food-bound B , it is advisable for those older 12 than 50 years to meet their RDA mainly by consuming foods fortified with B12 or a supplement containing B12. iIn view of evidence linking folate intake with neural tube defects in the fetus, it is recommended that all women capable of becoming pregnant consume 400 µg from supplements or fortified foods in addition to intake of food folate from a varied diet.
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From page 1108...
... For healthy breast-fed infants, an AI is the mean intake. The AI for other life stage and gender groups is believed to cover the needs of all healthy individuals in the groups, but lack of data or uncertainty in the data prevent being able to specify with confidence the percentage of individuals covered by this intake.
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From page 1109...
... ; Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (1998) ; Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids (2000)
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From page 1110...
... aTotal water includes all water contained in food, beverages, and drinking water. bBased on g protein per kg of body weight for the reference body weight, e.g., for adults 0.8 g/kg body weight for the reference body weight.
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From page 1111...
... Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) : Additional Macronutrient Recommendations Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academies Macronutrient Recommendation Dietary cholesterol As low as possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate diet Trans fatty acids As low as possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate diet Saturated fatty acids As low as possible while consuming a nutritionally adequate diet Added sugarsa Limit to no more than 25% of total energy aNot a recommended intake.
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From page 1112...
... is the highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population. Unless otherwise specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and supplements.
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From page 1113...
... Carotenoidsd ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 10 30 300 ND ND ND 1.0 ND 15 40 400 ND ND ND 1.0 ND 20 60 600 ND ND ND 2.0 ND 30 80 800 ND ND ND 3.0 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 20 60 600 ND ND ND 2.0 ND 30 80 800 ND ND ND 3.0 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 30 80 800 ND ND ND 3.0 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 30 80 800 ND ND ND 3.0 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND 35 100 1,000 ND ND ND 3.5 ND db-Carotene supplements are advised only to serve as a provitamin A source for individuals at risk of vitamin A deficiency. eND = Not determinable due to lack of data of adverse effects in this age group and concern with regard to lack of ability to handle excess amounts.
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From page 1114...
... is the highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population. Unless otherwise specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and supplements.
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From page 1115...
... (g/d) ND ND ND ND ND 45 ND ND 4 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 60 ND ND 5 ND ND 65 2 300 0.2 3 90 ND ND 7 1.5 2.3 110 3 600 0.3 3 150 ND ND 12 1.9 2.9 350 6 1,100 0.6 4 280 ND ND 23 2.2 3.4 350 9 1,700 1.0 4 400 ND ND 34 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 3 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 6 1,100 0.6 4 280 ND ND 23 2.2 3.4 350 9 1,700 1.0 4 400 ND ND 34 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 3 400 ND 1.8 40 2.3 3.6 350 9 1,700 1.0 3.5 400 ND ND 34 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 3.5 400 ND ND 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 3.5 400 ND ND 40 2.3 3.6 350 9 1,700 1.0 4 400 ND ND 34 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND ND 40 2.3 3.6 350 11 2,000 1.0 4 400 ND ND 40 2.3 3.6 dAlthough vanadium in food has not been shown to cause adverse effects in humans, there is no justification for adding vanadium to food, and vanadium supplements should be used with caution.
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Key Terms

  • reference intakes
  • recommended dietary
  • adequate intakes
  • dietary allowances
  • nutrition board

  • upper intake
  • life stage
  • tolerable upper
  • fatty acids
  • intake level

  • estimated average
  • pantothenic acid
  • adequate diet
  • bold type
  • healthy individuals

  • ordinary type
  • nutritionally adequate
  • nutrient intake
  • amino acids
  • daily nutrient

  • average requirement
  • average daily
  • additional macronutrient
  • fortified foods
  • macronutrient recommendations

  • cause adverse
  • total water
  • calthough silicon
  • total energy
  • dietary cholesterol


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