Solar and Space Physics A Science for a Technological Society (2013) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
7 Space Weather and Space Climatology: A Vision for Future Capabilities
7 Space Weather and Space Climatology: A Vision for Future Capabilities
Pages 135-146
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 135... ...
However, the space-based technologies that provide this information are vulnerable to the conditions in the dynamic and complex space environment through which radio waves propagate and where satellites orbit. In this chapter, the survey committee presents its vision for a comprehensive program consisting of observations, models, and forecasting, enhanced beyond current capabilities, to help protect these critical technologies.
|
From page 136... ...
, both published by The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. 3 Committee for Space Weather, Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research, National Space Weather Program Strategic Plan, FCM-P30-2010, August 17, 2010, available at http://www.ofcm.gov/nswp-sp/fcm-p30.htm.
|
From page 137... ...
Figure 7-1 climate of the space environment. Growth in the number of space weather customers since the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
|
From page 138... ...
However, despite the well-documented vulnerability of essential societal, economic, and security services, space environment monitoring remains resource challenged.4 For example, key energetic particle measurements now made by the POES and DMSP spacecraft are not currently slated to continue with the next generation of low-Earth-orbiting weather satellites. To address this and related problems will require, in the survey committee's view, a National Space Weather Program (NSWP)
|
From page 139... ...
The survey committee anticipates that it will take decades to achieve an infrastructure for monitoring and characterizing space environment weather and climatology that is equivalent to current capabilities in the modeling and forecasting of terrestrial weather and climate; thus, it is necessary to start immediately. Achievement of critical continuity of key space environment parameters, their utilization in advanced models, and application to operations constitute a major endeavor that will require unprecedented cooperation among agencies in the areas in which each has specific expertise and unique capabilities.
|
From page 140... ...
New Elements Essential components of a robust space environment operational program that will complement what exists today or, in some cases, provide much needed continuity of critical capabilities, include the following: • Monitor the variable solar-heliospheric photon, particle, and magnetic field inputs with satellites at L1 and L5. • Monitor the geospace global and regional responses to the varying solar-heliospheric inputs with Earth-orbiting satellites, one in a high-altitude orbit (geostationary Earth orbit [GEO]
|
From page 141... ...
New models are also needed to satisfy the demands posed by increased user diversity. An Illustrative Scenario The survey committee envisions a national commitment to a new program in solar and space physics that would provide long-term observations of the space weather environment and support the development and application of geospace models to protect critical societal infrastructure, including communication, navigation, and terrestrial weather spacecraft, through accurate forecasting of the space environment.
|
From page 142... ...
NSF NSF would be enabled to provide real-time monitoring by means of its set of ground-based facilities.9 Ground-based facilities include radars, lidars, magnetometers, and solar observatories such as the Global Oscillation Network Group, Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun, and the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope. NSF would also be enabled to provide key data streams from platforms such as Iridium and to support space weather model development.
|
From page 143... ...
-- Initiate NASA center activities to provide real-time data streams from missions and models, to evaluate and test models, and to continue operating space-weather-relevant research missions. -- Initiate a grants program to develop and advance to operational readiness space environment specification and forecasting models.
|
From page 144... ...
LEO Mission • lectron and neutral E Provides high spatial • IMED GUVI demonstrated T • ow-Earth-orbit geospace L density resolution and regional detail value of remotely sensing in situ and remote • emperature T of conditions important, e.g., temperature and densities sensing of ionosphere/ • lectric and magnetic fields E for GPS and satellite drag • urrent observations from C thermosphere • inds W Air Force/DMSP • o plans for future N measurements NOTE: ACE, Advanced Composition Explorer; DMSP, Defense Meteorological Satellites Program; DSCOVR, Deep Space Climate Observatory; ESA, European Space Agency; GUVI, Global Ultraviolet Imager; IMAP, Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe; NOAA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; SOHO, Solar and Heliospheric Observatory; STEREO, Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory; and TIMED, Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetic and Dynamics. -- Initiate continued coordination with space weather forecasting organizations at DOD, NOAA, NASA, and the commercial sector for transition of relevant observations and models to operations.
|
From page 145... ...
-- Initiate a geospace monitoring mission concept study. -- At a NASA center, plan for integration of operational L5 and geospace monitoring measurements into space environment specification and forecasting models.
|
From page 146... ...
The illustrative scenario shown in Table 7.2 for a NASA SWaC program incorporates support for the proposed data clearinghouse and modeling effort. Combined with existing and recommended activities, a program such as the proposed SWaC effort can put the nation's space weather forecasting and space weather and space climate monitoring program on a solid footing.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.