A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases (2011) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 11-18
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From page 11... ...
. Chronic lower respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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; other risk factors include occupational exposures, environmental tobacco smoke, other indoor air pollutants, outdoor air pollutants, respiratory tract infections, asthma, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, low socioeconomic or educational status, and genetic susceptibility (Eisner et al., 2010; Salvi and Barnes, 2009; Svanes et al., 2010)
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Finally, the lifelong nature of CVD and chronic lung disease development and the lack of effective treatments to fully prevent or cure these conditions require a conceptual framework that incorporates a life-course approach. CONTEXT In recent years, leading professional societies, researchers, and government organizations have called for improved tracking systems and expanded surveillance for chronic diseases to guide improvements in prevention and treatment (Brownson and Bright, 2004; CDC, 2008; Frieden, 2004; Goff et al., 2007; Nichol et al., 2008; Spertus et al., 2005)
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This publication suggested building on continuing efforts of the World Health Organization to report on the global status of non-communicable diseases, and included regional, subnational, and national actions and global coordination as means of promoting cardiovascular health. Another approach to improving chronic disease surveillance has been proposed to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
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STUDY CHARGE NHLBI and the CDC Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention asked the Institute of Medicine to form a committee that would develop a framework for building a national chronic disease surveillance system focused primarily on cardiovascular and chronic lung disease that is capable of providing data for analysis of race, ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic region disparities in incidence and prevalence, functional health outcomes, measured risk factors, and clinical care delivery. Questions for the committee to consider included: 1.
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Chapter 5 explores existing surveillance data collection efforts, including surveys, registries, cohort studies, administrative and claims data, data regarding hospital performance, and international chronic disease surveillance efforts, concluding with a discussion of the strengths and limitations of these efforts. Chapter 6 discusses the various stakeholders and their differing needs for surveillance data as well as emerging opportunities for surveillance data collection.
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2010. An official American Thoracic Society public policy statement: Novel risk factors and the global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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2008. Essential features of designating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest as a reportable event: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association emergency cardiovascular care committee; council on cardiopulmonary, perioperative, and critical care; council on cardiovascular nursing; council on clinical cardiology; and quality of care and outcomes research interdisciplinary working group.
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