Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury Evaluating the Evidence (2011) / Chapter Skim
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7 Attention
7 Attention
Pages 125-136
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From page 125... ...
, including two crossover studies, of treatments intended to improve attention. All six involved modular treatment directed at one or more attentional processes.
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From page 126... ...
The other group received a variety of other rehabilitation interventions that involved cognitive rehabilitation components that did not specifically focus on attention. Outcomes were assessed with respect to several psychometric measures of attention as well as the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
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From page 127... ...
comparison ▪ Finger tapping • Digit symbol transfer ▪ Word fluency • Alternating Stroop • Other attentional functions: program ▪ Letter cancellation • Divided attention tasks ▪ Picture completion ▪ Time estimation McMillan 145 Moderate Sessions of supervised Y • Test of Everyday Attention Between-group et al. 2002 mindfulness practice using • Adult Memory and comparison not an audiotape obtained No or Non-CRT Information Processing Battery significant for any from Jon Kabat-Zinn.
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From page 128... ...
training components, Content: ▪ Divided Attention Test more than control on further subdivided into Memory training ▪ Trail Making Test, Part B the three measures focused and alternating of equivalent • Memory of attention; memory attention tasks duration and ▪ Rey Auditory Verbal group improved more Training accompanied intensity Learning Test-Modified than attention group on by feedback and strategy (RAVLT-M) one measure.
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From page 129... ...
15 Severe Two groups received two Y • Attention Attention measures 1994 treatments (attention ▪ Ruff 2 & 7 Selective at posttreatment did and memory training) Other CRT Attention test not show significant delivered via THINKable, Content: Group ▪ WAIS-R Digit Symbol between-group a computer-based, multi- A received ▪ Continuous Performance comparison.
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From page 130... ...
APT aims to Placebo -- Brain ▪ Gordon Diagnostic Patients reported a improve memory, learning, Injury Education ▪ Controlled Oral Word significant difference in and some aspects of and Supportive Association Task (COWAT) attention and memory executive control.
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From page 131... ...
Single Subject, Multiple Baseline Experimental Design Gansler and 4 Severe Hierarchically organized N • Neuropsychological tests: Posttreatment test McCaffrey attention training program ▪ WMS-R results proved 1991 based on Posner's four ▪ Trail Making Test not significant for component model of ▪ Minute Estimation Test all participants. attention.
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From page 132... ...
Outcome measures included standardized neuropsychological measures of attention, laboratory measures of information processing intended to assess the functioning of specific neural networks subserving separable attentional domains, and coded qualitative interviews regarding real-world changes resulting from treatment. This trial found positive effects of attention training on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT)
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From page 133... ...
The trial did not find such effects on verbal working memory, verbal fluency, or on the laboratory tasks designed to isolate the functions of specific neural networks. Although the patients were not blinded to the content of their treatment, there were significantly more reports of attention improvements in daily life after the APT treatment than after brain injury education.
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From page 134... ...
The patients received 18 hours of attention training using "Captain's Log," a commercial computerized product that administers tasks involving various challenges to verbal and visual attention and memory. Participants were tested only once pre and once post, using digit span and digit symbol subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
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From page 135... ...
In studies of moderate-severe TBI patients in the chronic phase of recovery, a few, relatively small RCTs with several methodologic limitations provided mixed support for treatment benefit. These trials tested intensive practice of hierarchical attentiondemanding tasks on some psychometric measures of attention, with positive immediate outcomes.
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From page 136... ...
2002. Brief mindfulness training for attentional problems after traumatic brain injury: A randomised control treatment trial.
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