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Pages 437-450

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From page 437...
... , 260, 282-283, alloparental care, 50 284-285 bacterial mutualism, 30-31, 39, 44 Anopheles gambiae, 178, 186 brain evolution, 177, 187-188 Antibiotic resistance (see also fungus-growing, 30-31, 39 Chemotherapy; Malaria) greenbeard behavior, 56, 67 broad-spectrum drug use and, 251 hexamerins, 184 evidence-based management, 248-249 immunity genes, 171, 178, 179 fitness advantages of, 243-246 kin recognition, 49-50, 56 437
From page 438...
... , 336, 361 Bacterial symbioses, defined, 28 Boyd, Robert, 301, 363-382 Bacterial-eukaryotic mutualisms Bradyrhizobium japonicum, 41, 45 benefits provided to hosts, 26-27, 29-30, Brain evolution, 176-177, 187-188 32 Bumble bees, 169, 179 breakdown of, 2, 29, 31, 33, 43-45, 46, 47 Burkholderia spp., 30-31, 37-38, 40-41, 44 greenbeard genes, 18 Byproduct cooperation, 11, 31, 38, 39, 157, host association origins, 27, 31, 33, 34, 333 35-36, 45-46, 47 host localization, 28, 30, 32 maintenance of, 29, 38-42 C methods, 29, 46-47 origins, xvi, 29, 36-38, 46 Cancer, 138, 236, 237, 252, 275, 277, 278-282 from parasitism, 2, 30-31, 35, 36-37, 46, Capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus) , 327, 47 343, 357, 358-359 stabilizing forces, 2, 31, 33 Cell–cell adhesion, 94, 95, 97, 107, 114, 158, symbiont capture, 29, 42-43 166, 203, 204 transmission among hosts, 30, 32, 45, 46 Central Inuit, 366-369, 370 Bacterial parasites, 28 Centromere drive, 221, 223-224, 225 Bacteriocins, 18, 129, 192, 226, 242 Chacma baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus)
From page 439...
... 193-194 attribution of intentions, 330, 332 Cooperative breeding in birds cognitive constraints, 335, 365, 366, 380 among-generation bet-hedging, 73, 82 cultural adaptation, 378, 380, 381 benefits of philopatry hypothesis, 71, contingent altruism, 337-338, 360 72, 80, 81 detection of noncooperators, 340 climatic uncertainty and reproductive emotional constraints, 336 success, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77-78, 79, 81, generosity in, 351-353 82, 83-84 helping behavior, 353-355 conflict resolution during group inequity aversion, 361 formation, 80 prosocial sentiments and behavior, 343, ecological constraints hypothesis, 3, 70, 351-356, 381 71, 72, 73, 80, 81 recognition of others' relationships, 300, environmental quality (temporal 328 variation) and, 69, 70-72, 73-74, 79-82 Chlorobi, 34, 35 fecundity variance, 3, 69, 72, 74, 77-78, Chloroflexi, 34, 35 82 Cichlid fish (Astatotilapia burtoni)
From page 440...
... Kung, 304 cheating controls, 166, 191, 201-206, 211 life history theory, 306 chimerism, 191, 197-198, 200 Maya of the Yucatan, 304 condition-based power, 207 parent–offspring conflict theory, 308 conflict, 166, 191, 200, 206-208, 210-211 parental manipulation theory, 308 differentiation-inducing factor signaling social dominance theory, 308 system, 204, 207-208, 211 Coral reef communities, 129 dimA gene, 204 Coriobacterium glomerans, 32-33 evolutionary arms races in social genes, Crespi, Bernard J., 236, 275-297 207 Crespi–Badcock theory, 284 farming of bacteria, 166, 210, 211 Crozier's paradox, 56, 60, 66 first-strike power, 206 Cryptotermes secundus, 175 fruiting bodies, 195, 196-197, 198 Cultural adaptation kin discrimination, 166, 191, 198, 201, Baffin Island Inuit, 371 202-203 bowmaking example, 374-375 life cycles, 196 Central Inuit, 366-369, 370 lottery-like role assignment, 166, 191, cognitive ability and, 363, 364-366, 371 202, 204-206 372, 380-381 as a model system, 191, 194, 195-199 cognitive biases and, 379 noble resistor genes, 166, 191, 208 essentiality for humans, 366-371 pleiotropy, 166, 191, 201, 202, 203-204 evidence for, 377-379 power asymmetries, 166, 206-208 food preparation practices and taboos, prestarvation factor, 195 378-379 rates of change in social genes, 191 and global expansion, 364 relatedness within social groups, 191, kayak keel design example, 375-376 197-198, 201-202 learning from others and, 363, 365, 366, sexual cycle, 209-210, 211 369-371, 372-377 single-gene knockouts, 200-201 lost European explorer experiment, 370
From page 441...
... monogamous families, laboratory-friendly models, 194-195 303, 305, 309-312 and kin selection theory, 2, 50, 56-59 power structure, 315 metabolism and nutrition genes, 172, reproductive success, 307 183-186 sex differences in work, 307 molecular genetic mechanisms in origin siblings, 306-308, 321 and maintenance, 165, 167-189 study population, 321 multiple mating by queens, 178 wealth, 310-311, 322 origins, 169 work–eat groups (WEGs) , 308-315, prospects and challenges in molecular 321-322 evolution, 186-189 Drosophila, 179, 182, 185, 187 reproduction, 167, 180-182 cryptic X-drive systems, 224-225 worker policing, 2, 52-53 D
From page 442...
... , 18 sibs, 255, 261-262 GP-9 gene, 67, 171, 175-176 symmetric kin, 255, 259 Firebugs, 32-33 Global Malaria Action Plan, 241 Firmicutes, 34, 35 Greenbeard genes Fischman, Brielle J., 165, 167-189 alloparental care, 49-50, 66-67 Foster, Kevin R., 89, 137-164 altruistic, 17 Frank, Steven A., 236, 275-297 attractive traits, 66 Frankia spp., 30-31 bacterial–eukaryotic mutualisms, 18 Franklin Expedition of 1845–1846, 370 Crozier's paradox, 56, 60, 66 Franklin, John, 370 eusocial insects, 56, 67 Frequency-dependent effects, xvi, 1, 7, 17, examples of behavior, 56 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 93, 110, 130, 182 facultative, 16, 18 falsebeard interaction with, 55-56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 65 G genetic kin recognition, 1, 49, 55, 56, 64 harmful, 16, 18 Game theory, 19-20, 300, 345-349 helpful, 16, 18, 56-61 Gamete killing, 224 interlocus conflict, 56, 57, 62 Generosity, 300, 345, 347, 349, 351-353, 359 key feature, 18 Genetic conflict (see also Genomic kin selection mechanisms, 55-56, 68 imprinting) kind selection, 5, 7, 16-19, 21, 24 defined, 216 multilocus, 56-57, 65-66 inbreeding, 259, 261, 287, 293-294, 295 nepotism, 65-67, 68 sex determination, 214, 217, 228, 230 obligate, 16, 18 types of, 216-218 payoff matrix, 19, 58 Genetic diversity, and social heterosis, 67-68 persistence of alleles, 60 Genetic drift, 24, 92, 93, 107, 110, 111 and phenotype matching, 57, 58, 59 Genome-eliminating supernumerary pheromonal communication, 175-176 chromosome, 214 and runaway social selection, 65-67 Genomic imprinting selection pressures, 66 adolescent sexual maturation, 236, and unicoloniality, 67 271-272 Group-level selection, 49, 50 asymmetries of relatedness and, 236, 253, 254-257, 262, 273 birth order and, 270-271 H blended vs.
From page 443...
... carbohydrate metabolism, 165, 185-186 Imprinting, learned, 257 cAMP/CREB signaling pathways, 171 Inclusive fitness (see also Hamilton's rule; CREB binding protein, 171 Social selection) dance communication, 176, 177 indirect genetic effects, 21 hexamerins, 184 kith selection, 12-16 immunity genes, 165, 179 relatedness and, 24, 70 insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1, social effects modeling, 8-10, 22, 24 165, 185 Indirect fitness gains, xvi, 7, 21, 50, 71, 73, juvenile hormone, 165, 185 75, 226, 255, 266, 272 (see also Kin Major Royal Jelly, 183-184 selection)
From page 444...
... system, 227 multilevel selection models, 7 Maternally expressed factors, 227, 259, 260, neighbor-modulated approach, 5, 6-7, 9, 261, 271, 277, 280, 282, 283, 284, 285, 12, 14, 15, 22, 23 291 phenotypic gambit, 11 Meiotic drive elements, 166, 213, 214, 216, reproductive skew theory and, 54 218, 223-225, 230, 288 successes, 51 Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus, Kind selection 155-156 defined, 1, 5, 263-264 Microbes (see Bacterial; Dictyostelium greenbeard genes, 1, 5, 7, 16-19, 21, 24, discoideum; Multispecies biofilms; 264 Myxococcus xanthus) kin selection compared to, 16-19 examples of natural microbial phenotype matching, 264 communities, 138-139 Kinship social interactions, 87-89, 138-139, 192 asymmetric, 236, 253, 254-257 Mitochondria, 2, 32, 37-38, 193, 214, 227, and cheating, 191, 197-198, 201-202 228, 287-288 instinctive categories vs.
From page 445...
... Index / 445 invasion analysis, 150-151, 152-153, 157, chimeric load, 109 162-163 coevolution, 91, 93, 109, 111 model framework, 158-161 conflict, within-group, 111 motility and, 158 DNA sequencing and phylogenetic mutualism constraints, 148-150, 152-153, analysis, 114-115 154-157 endemic variation, 91, 93, 106 nutrient concentration and diffusion genetic structure of fruiting body rate, 89, 142-143, 147, 150-153, 154, groups, 91, 92-93, 94, 98-100, 102, 158 104, 106 quorum sensing, 88, 140, 154 horizontal gene transfer, 106 secretor/nonsecretor models, 88-89, kin selection, 93, 109 141-154, 158-161 laboratory origin of minority segregation index, 162 phenotypes, control for, 104-105, Simpson's paradox, 150 113-114 single-species simulation, 142-144, 151 maintenance of social diversity, 110-111 size of the growth area, 146-147 migration into "foreign" groups, 91, social insulation, 89, 147-148, 154, 157- 93-94, 106, 107, 108, 109, 111 158, 162 model of population biology, 108, 194 social phenotypes, 139-140 motility systems, 92, 95 spatial structure and, 89, 137, 139, 140, phage transduction, 106 149, 151, 152-153, 154-155, 158 phase variation, 105-106 statistical analysis, 163 phenotypic and genetic diversity, 88, 94, within-species cooperation, 89, 155-156 95, 98-100 Multicellularity, cooperation, 193 phylogenetic relationships, 102-103 Mutualisms (see also Bacterial-eukaryotic regeneration of clonality, 110 mutualisms) sample collection and strain isolation, between-species cooperation, 155-156, 94, 111-112 157, 210 social conflict within groups, 91 cheating in, 2, 40-41, 46 spore production, 87, 91, 92, 97, 101-102, chemotaxis and, 156, 158 105, 107 complex, 15 sporulation assays, 113 Hamilton's rule and, 12, 15 starvation response, 87-88, 92, 104 inclusive fitness modeling, 6, 7, 12 statistical analyses, 114 inoculation density on agar plates and, swarming motility assays, 111-112 156-157 swarming phenotypes, 91, 95-97, 102, multispecies simulation, 148-150, 105 154-157 territorial kin discrimination, 94, 107, 110 nutrient competition and, 155-156 partner choice and partner fidelity N feedback, 13, 24 spatial structure and ecological Nahum, Joshua R., 88, 117-136 feedback and, 131 Nasonia wasps, 169, 178, 179, 182, 227, 229 social selection, 1, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 15, 24 Nasutitermes termites, 179, 180 within-species cooperation, 155-156, 157 Neanderthals, 364 "Mycetocyte" bacteria, 32-33, 37-38 Neotermes koshunensis, 175 Myxococcus xanthus Nepotism, 49, 50, 51, 53-54, 55, 56, 64, 65, balancing selection, 110 66, 68, 263, 347 cell–cell adhesion, 94, 95, 97, 107 Netsilik, 366, 370 cheater–cooperator population Neurospora, 220 dynamics, 110 New York University, vii cheater strains with social defects, 88, Nitrogen fixation, 30, 32, 37, 38, 39, 40 93, 107-109
From page 446...
... , P 326-327 piRNA pathway, 171, 172, 181, 220, 222 Paper wasps (Polistes dominulus) , 177, 329 Planctomycetes, 34, 35 Parasitism Plasmids, 218, 234 bacterial, 28 antibiotic resistance, 219 manipulation of host reproduction, 40 colicin, 120, 132 restraint in host–parasite systems, 131 killer, 214, 226 social, 198, 199, 202 R-M system, 226 transition from mutualism, 45, 46 Ti, 18-19, 24 transition to mutualism, 2, 30-31, 35, Plasmodium falciparum, 242, 244 36-37, 46, 47 Plasmodium chabaudi, 242, 243, 244 vertical transmission, 42 Pleiotropy, 166, 191, 201, 202, 203-204 virulence/infectivity, 131 Pogo elements, 221 Parent-offspring conflict, 236, 260, 265, 271, Polar Inuit, 371 272 Polygamy, 51 Parental manipulation of offspring, 189, Polygyny, 175, 262, 299, 303, 305, 309, 310, 299, 306, 307 311-312, 317, 319, 321 Partner choice Populus, 221 in bacterial mutualism, 31, 33, 38, 39, 40, Power 41-42, 46 age and, 262, 315 in kith selection, 13, 24 asymmetries, 166, 202, 206-208, 261-262 Partner fidelity feedback condition-based, 207 in bacterial mutualism, 31, 33, 38-40, conflict control by, 206-208, 211 41-42 first-strike, 206 in kith selection, 13, 14, 15, 24 mediation of competition and, 207-208 Parthenogenesis, 228, 229 sibs, 261-262, 306
From page 447...
... dynamics, 124-127, 134-135, 136 and horizontal gene transfer, 42 spatial structure and, 130-131 Price's equation, 8, 9, 10 survival of the weakest, 119 Princeton University, vii in victim–exploiter communities, Prochloron spp., 32-33, 41 130-131 Prosocial Test, 351-356 Restriction-modification (R-M) systems, 226 Proteobacteria, 34, 35, 36, 87, 92 (see also Reticulitermes flavipes, 184 Myxococcus xanthus)
From page 448...
... autosome theory, 236, 275-276, Hamilton's rule and, 5-6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 277, 287-290, 293-296 15, 16, 22, 23, 49, 55, 56-59 Sexual maturation indirect genetic effects approach, 8, 21 adolescence, 271-272 kind selection, 5, 6, 7, 16-23 another-mouth-to-feed scenario, 266- kith selection, 5, 6, 7, 12-16 267, 269 indirect genetic effects, 11 birth order and, 270-271 modeling social effects, 8-10 blended vs. unblended relatedness, mutualisms, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 15, 24 268-269 neighbor-modulated approach, 5, 6-7, 9, effects of imprinted genes, 271 12, 14, 15, 22, 23 father absence and, 269-270 phenotype matching, 6, 9, 10, 11-12, 13, genomic imprinting and, 265-272 14-15, 22, 23, 57-59 helper-at-the-nest scenario, 267, 268-270, reciprocity, 12, 13, 15 271 runaway, 67 life expectancy and, 266 selfish effects, 24 partner change and, 267-268 social causality, 6, 9, 10, 11-12, 14 pygmies, 266 population structure (relatedness)
From page 449...
... 187 immunity genes, 178 within-colony competition, 153, 154 origins of eusociality, 169, 177, 187-188 Third-Party Punishment Game, 346 Water fern, 32-33, 43 Ti plasmid, 18-19, 24 Weaning, 260, 283, 319 Tragedy of the commons, 130-131 Werren, John H., 166, 213-234 Transposons, 166, 215, 217, 218-219 West Greenland Inuit, 375 Tribolium beetles, 227 Wilms' tumor, 281 Trichogramma wasps, 227 Wolbachia, 40, 42, 43, 228-230, 234 Trust, 300, 345, 347, 348 Woodard, S Hollis, 165, 167-189 Trust Game, 345, 348 World Health Organization, 240, 311 Tubeworms, 30-31, 41 Tufted capuchins, 360 X X inactivation, 287, 293, 294, 295 U Xavier, João B., 89, 137-164 Ubiquitin pathway, 283 Ultimatum Games, 345-346, 348, 360 Y Unicoloniality, 50, 67, 68 United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Yeast, 56, 226 Cultural Organization (UNESCO)


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