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Appendix C: Revised Technology Area Breakdown Structure
Pages 39-47

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From page 39... ... As a result, the numbering scheme for the level 3 technologies is discontinuous where technologies have been deleted or moved. TA01 Launch Propulsion Systems 1.1 Solid Rocket Propulsion Systems 1.1.1 Propellants 1.1.2 Case Materials 1.1.3 Nozzle Systems 1.1.4 Hybrid Rocket Propulsion Systems 1.1.5 Fundamental Solid Propulsion Technologies 1.2 Liquid Rocket Propulsion Systems 1.2.1 LH2/LOX Based 1.2.2 RP/LOX Based 1.2.3 CH4/LOX Based 1.2.4 Detonation Wave Engines (Closed Cycle) Read the entire page →
From page 40... ... Electric and Magnetic Field Storage 3.2.5. Thermal Storage 3.3 Power Management and Distribution 3.3.1 Fault Detection, Isolation, and Recovery (FDIR) Read the entire page →
From page 41... ... 4.6.2 Relative Guidance Algorithms 4.6.3 Docking and Capture Mechanisms/Interfaces 4.7 RTA Systems Engineering 4.7.1 Modularity / Commonality 41 Read the entire page →
From page 42... ... 5.2.6 Antennas 5.3 Internetworking 5.3.1 Disruptive Tolerant Networking 5.3.2 Adaptive Network Topology 5.3.3 Information Assurance 5.3.4 Integrated Network Management 5.4 Position, Navigation, and Timing 5.4.1 Timekeeping and Time Distribution 5.4.3 Onboard Auto Navigation and Maneuver 5.4.4 Sensors and Vision Processing Systems 5.4.5 Relative and Proximity Navigation 5.4.6 Auto Precision Formation Flying 5.4.7 Auto Approach and Landing 5.5 Integrated Technologies 5.5.1 Radio Systems 5.5.2 Ultra Wideband 5.5.3 Cognitive Networks 5.5.4 Science from the Comm. System 5.5.5 Hybrid Optical Comm. Read the entire page →
From page 43... ... 6.1.3 Waste Management 6.1.4 Habitation 6.2 Extravehicular Activity Systems 6.2.1 Pressure Garment 6.2.2 Portable Life Support System 6.2.3 Power, Avionics and Software 6.3 Human Health and Performance 6.3.1 Medical Diagnosis / Prognosis 6.3.2 Long-Duration Health 6.3.3 Behavioral Health and Performance 6.3.4 Human Factors and Performance 6.4 Environmental Monitoring, Safety, and Emergency Response 6.4.1 Sensors: Air, Water, Microbial, etc. 6.4.2 Fire: Detection, Suppression 6.4.3 Protective Clothing / Breathing 6.4.4 Remediation 6.5 Radiation 6.5.1 Risk Assessment Modeling 6.5.2 Radiation Mitigation 6.5.3 Protection Systems 6.5.4 Radiation Prediction 6.5.5 Monitoring Technology TA07 Human Exploration Destination Systems 7.1 In Situ Resource Utilization 7.1.1 Destination Reconnaissance, Prospecting, and Mapping 7.1.2 Resource Acquisition 7.1.3 ISRU Products/Production 7.1.4 Manufacturing and Infrastructure Emplacement 7.2 Sustainability and Supportability 7.2.1 Autonomous Logistics Management 7.2.2 Maintenance Systems 7.2.3 Repair Systems 7.2.4 Food Production, Processing and Preservation 7.3 Advanced Human Mobility Systems 7.3.1 EVA Mobility 7.3.2 Surface Mobility 7.3.3 Off-Surface Mobility 7.4 Advanced Habitat Systems 7.4.1 Integrated Habitat Systems 7.4.2 Habitat Evolution 7.4.3 Smart Habitats 7.5 Mission Operations and Safety 7.5.1 Crew Training 7.5.5 Integrated Flight Operations Systems 7.5.6 Integrated Risk Assessment Tools 7.6 Cross-Cutting Systems 7.6.2 Construction and Assembly 7.6.3 Dust Prevention and Mitigation 43 Read the entire page →
From page 44... ... TA08 Science Instruments, Observatories, and Sensor Systems 8.1 Remote Sensing Instruments / Sensors 8.1.1 Detectors and Focal Planes 8.1.2 Electronics 8.1.3 Optical Systems 8.1.4 Microwave / Radio 8.1.5 Lasers 8.1.6 Cryogenic / Thermal 8.1.7 Space Atomic Interferometry 8.2 Observatories 8.2.2 Structures and Antennas 8.2.3 Distributed Aperture 8.2.4 High Contrast Imaging and Spectroscopy Technologies 8.2.5 Wireless Spacecraft Technologies 8.3 In Situ Instruments / Sensor 8.3.1 Particles, Fields, and Waves: Charged and Neutral Particles, Magnetic and Electric Fields 8.3.3 In Situ 8.3.4 Surface Biology and Chemistry Sensors: Sensors to Detect and Analyze Biotic and Prebiotic Substances TA09 Entry, Descent, and Landing Systems 9.1 Aeroassist and Atmospheric Entry 9.1.1 Rigid Thermal Protection Systems 9.1.2 Flexible Thermal Protection Systems 9.1.3 Rigid Hypersonic Decelerators 9.1.4 Deployable Hypersonic Decelerators 9.2 Descent 9.2.1 Attached Deployable Decelerators 9.2.2 Trailing Deployable Decelerators 9.2.3 Supersonic Retropropulsion 9.3 Landing 9.3.1 Touchdown Systems 9.3.2 Egress and Deployment Systems 9.3.3 Propulsion Systems 9.3.5 Small Body Systems 9.4 Vehicle Systems Technology 9.4.2 Separation Systems 9.4.3 System Integration and Analyses 9.4.4 Atmosphere and Surface Characterization 9.4.5 EDL Modeling and Simulation 9.4.6 Instrumentation and Health Monitoring 9.4.7 GN&C Sensors and Systems TA10 Nanotechnology 10.1 Engineered Materials and Structures 10.1.1 Lightweight Materials and Structures 10.1.2 Damage Tolerant Systems 44 Read the entire page →
From page 45... ... 10.1.3 Coatings 10.1.4 Adhesives 10.1.5 Thermal Protection and Control 10.2 Energy Generation and Storage 10.2.1 Energy Generation 10.2.2 Energy Storage 10.2.3 Energy Distribution 10.3 Propulsion 10.3.1 Nanopropellants 10.3.2 Propulsion Systems 10.3.3 In-Space Propulsion 10.4 Sensors, Electronics, and Devices 10.4.1 Sensors and Actuators 10.4.2 Electronics 10.4.3 Miniature Instrumentation TA11 Modeling, Simulation, Information Technology, and Processing 11.1 Computing 11.1.1 Flight Computing 11.1.2 Ground Computing 11.2 Modeling 11.2.1 Software Modeling and Model-Checking 11.2.2 Integrated Hardware and Software Modeling 11.2.3 Human-System Performance Modeling 11.2.4a Science Modeling and Simulation 11.2.4b Aerospace Engineering Modeling and Simulation 11.2.5 Frameworks, Languages, Tools, and Standards 11.3 Simulation 11.3.1 Distributed Simulation 11.3.2 Integrated System Lifecycle Simulation 11.3.3 Simulation-Based Systems Engineering 11.3.4 Simulation-Based Training and Decision Support Systems 11.4 Information Processing 11.4.1 Science, Engineering, and Mission Data Lifecycle 11.4.2 Intelligent Data Understanding 11.4.3 Semantic Technologies 11.4.4 Collaborative Science and Engineering 11.4.5 Advanced Mission Systems TA12 Materials, Structures, Mechanical Systems, and Manufacturing 12.1 Materials 12.1.1 Lightweight Structure 12.1.2 Computational Design 12.1.3 Flexible Material Systems 12.1.4 Environment 12.1.5 Special Materials 12.2 Structures 12.2.1 Lightweight Concepts 12.2.2 Design and Certification Methods 45 Read the entire page →
From page 46... ... 12.2.3 Reliability and Sustainment 12.2.4 Test Tools and Methods 12.2.5 Innovative, Multifunctional Concepts 12.3 Mechanical Systems 12.3.1 Deployables, Docking and Interfaces 12.3.2 Mechanism Life Extension Systems 12.3.3 Electro-mechanical, Mechanical, and Micromechanisms 12.3.4 Design and Analysis Tools and Methods 12.3.5 Reliability / Life Assessment / Health Monitoring 12.3.6 Certification Methods 12.4 Manufacturing 12.4.1 Manufacturing Processes 12.4.2 Intelligent Integrated Manufacturing and Cyber Physical Systems 12.4.3 Electronics and Optics Manufacturing Process 12.4.4 Sustainable Manufacturing 12.5 Cross-Cutting 12.5.1 Nondestructive Evaluation and Sensors 12.5.2 Model-Based Certification and Sustainment Methods 12.5.3 Loads and Environments TA13 Ground and Launch Systems Processing 13.1 Technologies to Optimize the Operational Life-Cycle 13.1.1 Storage, Distribution, and Conservation of Fluids 13.1.2 Automated Alignment, Coupling, and Assembly Systems 13.1.3 Autonomous Command and Control for Ground and Integrated Vehicle/Ground Systems 13.2 Environmental and Green Technologies 13.2.1 Corrosion Prevention, Detection, and Mitigation 13.2.2 Environmental Remediation and Site Restoration 13.2.3 Preservation of Natural Ecosystems 13.2.4 Alternate Energy Prototypes 13.3 Technologies to Increase Reliability and Mission Availability 13.3.1 Advanced Launch Technologies 13.3.2 Environment-Hardened Materials and Structures 13.3.3 Inspection, Anomaly Detection, and Identification 13.3.4 Fault Isolation and Diagnostics 13.3.5 Prognostics Technologies 13.3.6 Repair, Mitigation, and Recovery Technologies 13.3.7 Communications, Networking, Timing, and Telemetry 13.4 Technologies to Improve Mission Safety/Mission Risk 13.4.1 Range Tracking, Surveillance, and Flight Safety Technologies 13.4.2 Landing and Recovery Systems and Components 13.4.3 Weather Prediction and Mitigation 13.4.4 Robotics / TeleRobotics 13.4.5 Safety Systems TA14 Thermal Management Systems 14.1 Cryogenic Systems 14.1.1 Passive Thermal Control 14.1.2 Active Thermal Control 46 Read the entire page →
From page 47... ... 14.1.3 Systems Integration 14.2 Thermal Control Systems 14.2.1 Heat Acquisition 14.2.2 Heat Transfer 14.2.3 Heat Rejection and Energy Storage 14.3 Thermal Protection Systems 14.3.1 Ascent / Entry TPS 14.3.2 Plume Shielding (Convective and Radiative) 14.3.3 Sensor Systems and Measurement Technologies 47 Read the entire page →

From page 39...

... As a result, the numbering scheme for the level 3 technologies is discontinuous where technologies have been deleted or moved. TA01 Launch Propulsion Systems 1.1 Solid Rocket Propulsion Systems 1.1.1 Propellants 1.1.2 Case Materials 1.1.3 Nozzle Systems 1.1.4 Hybrid Rocket Propulsion Systems 1.1.5 Fundamental Solid Propulsion Technologies 1.2 Liquid Rocket Propulsion Systems 1.2.1 LH2/LOX Based 1.2.2 RP/LOX Based 1.2.3 CH4/LOX Based 1.2.4 Detonation Wave Engines (Closed Cycle)

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From page 40...

... Electric and Magnetic Field Storage 3.2.5. Thermal Storage 3.3 Power Management and Distribution 3.3.1 Fault Detection, Isolation, and Recovery (FDIR)

Read the entire page →

From page 41...

... 4.6.2 Relative Guidance Algorithms 4.6.3 Docking and Capture Mechanisms/Interfaces 4.7 RTA Systems Engineering 4.7.1 Modularity / Commonality 41

Read the entire page →

From page 42...

... 5.2.6 Antennas 5.3 Internetworking 5.3.1 Disruptive Tolerant Networking 5.3.2 Adaptive Network Topology 5.3.3 Information Assurance 5.3.4 Integrated Network Management 5.4 Position, Navigation, and Timing 5.4.1 Timekeeping and Time Distribution 5.4.3 Onboard Auto Navigation and Maneuver 5.4.4 Sensors and Vision Processing Systems 5.4.5 Relative and Proximity Navigation 5.4.6 Auto Precision Formation Flying 5.4.7 Auto Approach and Landing 5.5 Integrated Technologies 5.5.1 Radio Systems 5.5.2 Ultra Wideband 5.5.3 Cognitive Networks 5.5.4 Science from the Comm. System 5.5.5 Hybrid Optical Comm.

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From page 43...

... 6.1.3 Waste Management 6.1.4 Habitation 6.2 Extravehicular Activity Systems 6.2.1 Pressure Garment 6.2.2 Portable Life Support System 6.2.3 Power, Avionics and Software 6.3 Human Health and Performance 6.3.1 Medical Diagnosis / Prognosis 6.3.2 Long-Duration Health 6.3.3 Behavioral Health and Performance 6.3.4 Human Factors and Performance 6.4 Environmental Monitoring, Safety, and Emergency Response 6.4.1 Sensors: Air, Water, Microbial, etc. 6.4.2 Fire: Detection, Suppression 6.4.3 Protective Clothing / Breathing 6.4.4 Remediation 6.5 Radiation 6.5.1 Risk Assessment Modeling 6.5.2 Radiation Mitigation 6.5.3 Protection Systems 6.5.4 Radiation Prediction 6.5.5 Monitoring Technology TA07 Human Exploration Destination Systems 7.1 In Situ Resource Utilization 7.1.1 Destination Reconnaissance, Prospecting, and Mapping 7.1.2 Resource Acquisition 7.1.3 ISRU Products/Production 7.1.4 Manufacturing and Infrastructure Emplacement 7.2 Sustainability and Supportability 7.2.1 Autonomous Logistics Management 7.2.2 Maintenance Systems 7.2.3 Repair Systems 7.2.4 Food Production, Processing and Preservation 7.3 Advanced Human Mobility Systems 7.3.1 EVA Mobility 7.3.2 Surface Mobility 7.3.3 Off-Surface Mobility 7.4 Advanced Habitat Systems 7.4.1 Integrated Habitat Systems 7.4.2 Habitat Evolution 7.4.3 Smart Habitats 7.5 Mission Operations and Safety 7.5.1 Crew Training 7.5.5 Integrated Flight Operations Systems 7.5.6 Integrated Risk Assessment Tools 7.6 Cross-Cutting Systems 7.6.2 Construction and Assembly 7.6.3 Dust Prevention and Mitigation 43

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From page 44...

... TA08 Science Instruments, Observatories, and Sensor Systems 8.1 Remote Sensing Instruments / Sensors 8.1.1 Detectors and Focal Planes 8.1.2 Electronics 8.1.3 Optical Systems 8.1.4 Microwave / Radio 8.1.5 Lasers 8.1.6 Cryogenic / Thermal 8.1.7 Space Atomic Interferometry 8.2 Observatories 8.2.2 Structures and Antennas 8.2.3 Distributed Aperture 8.2.4 High Contrast Imaging and Spectroscopy Technologies 8.2.5 Wireless Spacecraft Technologies 8.3 In Situ Instruments / Sensor 8.3.1 Particles, Fields, and Waves: Charged and Neutral Particles, Magnetic and Electric Fields 8.3.3 In Situ 8.3.4 Surface Biology and Chemistry Sensors: Sensors to Detect and Analyze Biotic and Prebiotic Substances TA09 Entry, Descent, and Landing Systems 9.1 Aeroassist and Atmospheric Entry 9.1.1 Rigid Thermal Protection Systems 9.1.2 Flexible Thermal Protection Systems 9.1.3 Rigid Hypersonic Decelerators 9.1.4 Deployable Hypersonic Decelerators 9.2 Descent 9.2.1 Attached Deployable Decelerators 9.2.2 Trailing Deployable Decelerators 9.2.3 Supersonic Retropropulsion 9.3 Landing 9.3.1 Touchdown Systems 9.3.2 Egress and Deployment Systems 9.3.3 Propulsion Systems 9.3.5 Small Body Systems 9.4 Vehicle Systems Technology 9.4.2 Separation Systems 9.4.3 System Integration and Analyses 9.4.4 Atmosphere and Surface Characterization 9.4.5 EDL Modeling and Simulation 9.4.6 Instrumentation and Health Monitoring 9.4.7 GN&C Sensors and Systems TA10 Nanotechnology 10.1 Engineered Materials and Structures 10.1.1 Lightweight Materials and Structures 10.1.2 Damage Tolerant Systems 44

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From page 45...

... 10.1.3 Coatings 10.1.4 Adhesives 10.1.5 Thermal Protection and Control 10.2 Energy Generation and Storage 10.2.1 Energy Generation 10.2.2 Energy Storage 10.2.3 Energy Distribution 10.3 Propulsion 10.3.1 Nanopropellants 10.3.2 Propulsion Systems 10.3.3 In-Space Propulsion 10.4 Sensors, Electronics, and Devices 10.4.1 Sensors and Actuators 10.4.2 Electronics 10.4.3 Miniature Instrumentation TA11 Modeling, Simulation, Information Technology, and Processing 11.1 Computing 11.1.1 Flight Computing 11.1.2 Ground Computing 11.2 Modeling 11.2.1 Software Modeling and Model-Checking 11.2.2 Integrated Hardware and Software Modeling 11.2.3 Human-System Performance Modeling 11.2.4a Science Modeling and Simulation 11.2.4b Aerospace Engineering Modeling and Simulation 11.2.5 Frameworks, Languages, Tools, and Standards 11.3 Simulation 11.3.1 Distributed Simulation 11.3.2 Integrated System Lifecycle Simulation 11.3.3 Simulation-Based Systems Engineering 11.3.4 Simulation-Based Training and Decision Support Systems 11.4 Information Processing 11.4.1 Science, Engineering, and Mission Data Lifecycle 11.4.2 Intelligent Data Understanding 11.4.3 Semantic Technologies 11.4.4 Collaborative Science and Engineering 11.4.5 Advanced Mission Systems TA12 Materials, Structures, Mechanical Systems, and Manufacturing 12.1 Materials 12.1.1 Lightweight Structure 12.1.2 Computational Design 12.1.3 Flexible Material Systems 12.1.4 Environment 12.1.5 Special Materials 12.2 Structures 12.2.1 Lightweight Concepts 12.2.2 Design and Certification Methods 45

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From page 46...

... 12.2.3 Reliability and Sustainment 12.2.4 Test Tools and Methods 12.2.5 Innovative, Multifunctional Concepts 12.3 Mechanical Systems 12.3.1 Deployables, Docking and Interfaces 12.3.2 Mechanism Life Extension Systems 12.3.3 Electro-mechanical, Mechanical, and Micromechanisms 12.3.4 Design and Analysis Tools and Methods 12.3.5 Reliability / Life Assessment / Health Monitoring 12.3.6 Certification Methods 12.4 Manufacturing 12.4.1 Manufacturing Processes 12.4.2 Intelligent Integrated Manufacturing and Cyber Physical Systems 12.4.3 Electronics and Optics Manufacturing Process 12.4.4 Sustainable Manufacturing 12.5 Cross-Cutting 12.5.1 Nondestructive Evaluation and Sensors 12.5.2 Model-Based Certification and Sustainment Methods 12.5.3 Loads and Environments TA13 Ground and Launch Systems Processing 13.1 Technologies to Optimize the Operational Life-Cycle 13.1.1 Storage, Distribution, and Conservation of Fluids 13.1.2 Automated Alignment, Coupling, and Assembly Systems 13.1.3 Autonomous Command and Control for Ground and Integrated Vehicle/Ground Systems 13.2 Environmental and Green Technologies 13.2.1 Corrosion Prevention, Detection, and Mitigation 13.2.2 Environmental Remediation and Site Restoration 13.2.3 Preservation of Natural Ecosystems 13.2.4 Alternate Energy Prototypes 13.3 Technologies to Increase Reliability and Mission Availability 13.3.1 Advanced Launch Technologies 13.3.2 Environment-Hardened Materials and Structures 13.3.3 Inspection, Anomaly Detection, and Identification 13.3.4 Fault Isolation and Diagnostics 13.3.5 Prognostics Technologies 13.3.6 Repair, Mitigation, and Recovery Technologies 13.3.7 Communications, Networking, Timing, and Telemetry 13.4 Technologies to Improve Mission Safety/Mission Risk 13.4.1 Range Tracking, Surveillance, and Flight Safety Technologies 13.4.2 Landing and Recovery Systems and Components 13.4.3 Weather Prediction and Mitigation 13.4.4 Robotics / TeleRobotics 13.4.5 Safety Systems TA14 Thermal Management Systems 14.1 Cryogenic Systems 14.1.1 Passive Thermal Control 14.1.2 Active Thermal Control 46

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From page 47...

... 14.1.3 Systems Integration 14.2 Thermal Control Systems 14.2.1 Heat Acquisition 14.2.2 Heat Transfer 14.2.3 Heat Rejection and Energy Storage 14.3 Thermal Protection Systems 14.3.1 Ascent / Entry TPS 14.3.2 Plume Shielding (Convective and Radiative) 14.3.3 Sensor Systems and Measurement Technologies 47

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Appendix C: Revised Technology Area Breakdown Structure Pages 39-47

Appendix C: Revised Technology Area Breakdown Structure
Pages 39-47