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From page 282...
... 7 Sulfuryl Chloride1 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels PREFACE Under the authority of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA)
From page 283...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 283 AEGL-2 is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m3) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
From page 284...
... 284 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Data were insufficient for development of AEGL-1 values. All exposure regimens in the rat studies resulted in effects that were considered of greater severity than those of the AEGL-1 tier.
From page 285...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 285 1. INTRODUCTION Sulfuryl chloride, a colorless to light yellow liquid with a pungent odor, is used as chlorinating, sulfonating, and chlorosulfonating agent in organic synthesis of such chemicals as chlorophenol and chlorothymol (O'Neil et al.
From page 286...
... 286 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 2.
From page 287...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 287 hours. The rats were observed for 14 days post exposure.
From page 288...
... 288 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels TABLE 7-5 Lethality in Rats Following 1-h Inhalation Exposure to Sulfuryl Chloride Exposure concentration (ppm) Mortality ratio Time-to-death 43 0/10 – 71 8/10 1-18 h 108 8/10 1-16 h 200 10/10 1-10 h 252 10/10 1-5 h 392 10/10 1-5 h Source: Stauffer Chemical Company 1969.
From page 289...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 289 TABLE 7-6 Lethality of Rats Exposed to Sulfuryl Chloride for 1 h Exposure concentration Mortality ratio Time to death 0.174 mg/l (31.3 ppm)
From page 290...
... 290 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 4.
From page 291...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 291 available to differentiate AEGL-1 type effects from those that may progress to more serious effects. The continuum of toxic responses is likely a function of the corrosive action of the sulfuryl chloride degradation products, hydrochloric and sulfuric acid.
From page 292...
... 292 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels TABLE 7-7 AEGL-1 Values for Sulfuryl Chloride Classification 10-min 30-min 1-h 4-h 8-h AEGL-1 NR NR NR NR NR NR: not recommended; insufficient data. TABLE 7-8 AEGL-2 Values for Sulfuryl Chloride Classification 10-min 30-min 1-h 4-h 8-h AEGL-2 4.7 ppm 4.7 ppm 3.7 ppm 2.3 ppm 1.2 ppm 26 mg/m3 26 mg/m3 20 mg/m3 13 mg/m3 6.6 mg/m3 7.
From page 293...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 293 development in preference to alternate data sets because they contained greater detail than other reports, utilized nose-only exposures, and specified purity of the test article. The interspecies uncertainty factor was limited to 3 because the effects of sulfuryl chloride consist of contact tissue damage of degradation products (sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid)
From page 294...
... 294 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels TABLE 7-10 AEGL Values for Sulfuryl Chloride Classification 10-min 30-min 1-h 4-h 8-h AEGL-1 NR NR NR NR NR (Nondisabling) AEGL-2 4.7 ppm 4.7 ppm 3.7 ppm 2.3 ppm 1.2 ppm (Disabling)
From page 295...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 295 ratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E
From page 296...
... 296 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels APPENDIX A DERIVATION OF AEGL VALUES FOR SULFURYL CHLORIDE Derivation of AEGL-1 for Sulfuryl Chloride Data were insufficient for developing AEGL-1 values for sulfuryl chloride. All exposure regimens in the available studies resulted in effects greater than those consistent with AEGL-1.
From page 297...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 297 Critical effect: BMCL05 of 70.1 ppm estimated as lethality threshold in rats following 4-h exposure to sulfuryl chloride. Time scaling: Cn × t = k where n = 1 or 3.
From page 298...
... 298 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 1-h AEGL-3 C3 × 1 h = 1,377,888 ppm3-h C3 = 1,377,888 ppm3-h C = 111 ppm UF application: 111 ppm/10 = 11 ppm 4-h AEGL-3 C1 × 4 h = 280.4 ppm-h C = 70 ppm UF application: 70 ppm/10 = 7.0 ppm 8-h AEGL-3 C1 × 8 h = 280.4 ppm-h C = 35 ppm UF application: 35 ppm/10 = 3.5 ppm
From page 299...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 299 APPENDIX B LC50 AND BENCHMARK DOSE CALCULATIONS FOR SULFURYL CHLORIDE DuPont (E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co)
From page 300...
... 300 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels Exposure Expected Lethal Dose Values (ppm) LC0.1 47.752 LC1.0 70.619 LC5.0 93.383 LC10 105.974 LC25 127.633 LC50 153.718 LC75 185.134 LC90 222.972 LC99 334.600 Benchmark Dose: BMCL05 Rat lethality data DuPont 1982; Kelly and Stula 1983)
From page 301...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 301 Intercept Slope Intercept 1 -1 Slope -1 1 Parameter Estimates Variable Estimate Std.
From page 302...
... 302 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels APPENDIX C TIME SCALING CALCULATIONS The relationship between dose and time for any given chemical is a function of the physical and chemical properties of the substance and the unique toxicological and pharmacological properties of the individual substance. Historically, the relationship according to Haber (1924)
From page 303...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 303 APPENDIX D ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINES FOR SULFURYL CHLORIDE Derivation Summary for Sulfuryl Chloride AEGL-1 VALUES 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h Not Not Not Not Not recommended recommended recommended recommended recommended Reference: Not applicable Test Species/Strain/Number: Not applicable Exposure Route/Concentrations/Durations: Not applicable Effects: Not applicable End Point/Concentration/Rationale: Not applicable Uncertainty Factors/Rationale: Not applicable Modifying Factor: None applied Animal to Human Dosimetric Adjustment: Not applicable Time Scaling: Not applicable Data Adequacy: Data were insufficient for developing AEGL-1 values. Test exposures in all available studies resulted in greater than AEGL-1 effects (respiratory tract damage)
From page 304...
... 304 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels AEGL-3 VALUES 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h 14 ppm 14 ppm 11 ppm 7.0 ppm 3.5 ppm References: DuPont (E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co)
From page 305...
... Sulfuryl Chloride 305 AEGL-3 VALUES Continued 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h 14 ppm 14 ppm 11 ppm 7.0 ppm 3.5 ppm Animal to Human Dosimetric Adjustment: Not applicable Time Scaling: In the absence of an empirically derived chemical-specific scaling exponent, temporal scaling for both AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 values was performed using n = 3 when extrapolating to shorter time points and n = 1 when extrapolating to longer time points using the Cn × t = k equation (NRC 2001)
From page 306...
... 306 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels APPENDIX E: CATEGORY PLOT FOR SULFURYL CHLORIDE Chemical Toxicity - TSD All Data Sulfur Chloride 1000.0 Human - No Effect Human - Discomfort 100.0 Human - Disabling Animal - No Effect ppm 10.0 Animal - Discomfort AEGL-3 Animal - Disabling AEGL-2 1.0 Animal - Some Lethality AEGL-1 Animal - Lethal 0.1 AEGL 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 Minutes FIGURE 7-1 Category plot for sulfuryl chloride.

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