Clustering for 21st Century Prosperity Summary of a Symposium (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Panel IV: Lessons from Abroad - Clusters, Parks, & Poles in Global Innovation Strategies
Panel IV: Lessons from Abroad - Clusters, Parks, & Poles in Global Innovation Strategies
Pages 81-96
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From page 81... ...
, his partner in legislation to stimulate funding for research parks, technopoles, and science parks in the United States.40 He added that the Senator is hopeful it will pass this year. Many nations view science and research parks as "catalysts of the development of innovation and innovative clusters that support rapid economic growth and attract a talented and education workforce," Mr.
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From page 82... ...
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH: BRAZIL'S MINAS GERAIS STRATEGY Alberto Duque Portugal Minas Gerais Secretariat for Science, Technology, and Higher Education, Brazil State Secretary Duque Portugal began with a few facts about Minas Gerais. The state is located west of Rio de Janeiro, Brasilia, and Sao Paulo, has a population of 20 million, and covers a territory about the size of France.
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From page 83... ...
SOURCE: Alberto Duque Portugal, Presentation at February 25, 2010, National Acad PROC_Figure09_Portugal.eps emies Symposium on "Clustering for 21st Century Prosperity." Minas Gerais has a substantial research base, Dr. Portugal said.
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From page 84... ...
There are a variety of programs designed to bring technology to business. They include an innovation incentive program for businesses, technology innovation units, programs to promote basic industrial technology, a design center, and assistance in coordinating venture capital.
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From page 85... ...
SIMI also is forging international partnerships to advance its innovation strategy. Currently, it is working with Italy's Piedmont region in energy, mobility, and automotive technology; the German state of Saarland in nanotechnology; the Australian state of Queensland in mining, water, and sustainable management, and France's Brittany region in dairy and Web.
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From page 86... ...
BRAZIL'S NEW INNOVATION STRATEGY Francelino Grando Ministry of Development, Industry, and Foreign Trade, Brazil Dr. Grando, Brazil's Secretary of Innovation, said he could sum up his goal in a single word: "system." He added a second word: "articulation." By this, Dr.
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From page 87... ...
PROC_Figure12_Grando.eps SOURCE: Francelino Grando, Presentation at February 25, 2010, National Academies Symposium on "Clustering for 21st Century Prosperity."
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From page 88... ...
Dollars 15 10 8.7 5 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year FIGURE 14 R&D expenditure in Brazil. SOURCE: Francelino Grando, Presentation at February 25, 2010, National Academies INTRO_Figure04_and Symposium on "Clustering Proc 14.eps for 21st Century Prosperity."
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From page 89... ...
SOURCE: Francelino Grando, Presentation at February 25, 2010, National Academies PROC_Figure15_Grando.eps Symposium on "Clustering for 21st Century Prosperity." Brazil has made equally impressive strides in promoting technology entrepreneurship, Dr. Grando said.
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From page 90... ...
Another $20 billion, managed by the Ministry of Science and Technology, is earmarked for a "science and technology action plan." The Ministry of Development is responsible for deciding where to invest the money. Managers in the Ministry of Technology lead teams in specific targeted areas, such as information and communications technology, biotechnology, and nuclear energy.
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Facilities include a major design center, small-business incubators, and industrial estates. These enterprise zones are reserved for companies making highvalue products using technologies developed in the park.
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The park selected areas where Hong Kong already is strong, such as RFID, smart cards, and design of integrated circuits for mobile devices. He noted that many telecom chips inside Blackberry devices were designed in Hong Kong.
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From page 93... ...
Still, the park has achieved considerable success. The number of R&D personnel in Hong Kong grew nearly five-fold, to 12,700, between 1998 and 2007, he noted.42 Private industry spending on R&D rose nearly four-fold over that same period, to 6.1 billion Hong Kong dollars ($79 million)
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From page 94... ...
Pezzini recalled that when he was a manager in the regional government of Emilia-Romagna in Italy prior to joining the OECD in 1995, a series of Americans -- including then-Arkansas governor Bill Clinton -- visited to study the region's success at producing clusters with many small and midsized companies. The phenomenon of "many firms relating to each other and being competitive did not happen first in Silicon Valley," Mr.
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From page 95... ...
Sometimes they exaggerate the disparities between regions." Giving subsidies to small entrepreneurs in southern Italy, say, "more or less meant reproducing the same machinery that was already there." If producers lack economies of scale, the capacity to compete will not grow. "A central government that tries to do everything very often tends to produce cathedrals in the desert," he said, "investments that do not produce multiplicative effects." Now there appears to be a paradigm in regional thinking.
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From page 96... ...
government asked the OECD for advice on how to reduce unemployment in America. Researchers concluded that the biggest factors influencing employment were regulatory reform, flexibility and mobility of the labor market, and sound macro-economic policies.
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