Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention Solving the Weight of the Nation (2012) / Chapter Skim
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4 Study Approach
4 Study Approach
Pages 115-126
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From page 115... ...
• The committee identified five critical areas of focus necessary to accelerate progress in obesity prevention -- the physical activity, food and beverage, message, health care and work, and school environments -- that are linked as an interrelated system. • For each critical area, the committee identified goals, recommendations, strategies, and potential actions with the greatest potential reach and impact on preventing obesity as outlined in the committee's guiding principles, based on research evidence and the current level of progress in each area.
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• In general, the term "recommendations" is used in the report to denote this full set of terms, whether describing previous work or that of the committee. Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention 116
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From page 117... ...
that ultimately affect personal decisions about physical activity and food intake. Exposure to these influences, both positive and negative, varies by subpopulation, with resulting disparities in the prevalence of obesity.
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Approach to the Development of Recommendations From the outset, a key aspect of this study was the tension between the reality that complementary interventions in multiple areas are needed and the fact that evidence and decisions about specific interventions often are generated without consideration of the larger systemic context. Therefore, the committee evaluated all potential recommendations for their potential impact on obesity based both on their theoretical or documented effects on physical activity or eating and on their potential links to other recommendations.
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From page 119... ...
The committee identified prior recommendations with the greatest reach and potential impact on obesity prevention, and prioritized them using the best available scientific evidence according to the L.E.A.D. framework, a framework that was developed to inform decisions on obesity prevention, integrating research evidence into a broader policy context (IOM, 2010)
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The results of this effort included the identification of five critical areas of focus for this study (see Figure 4-2) • physical activity environments, • food and beverage environments, • message environments, • health care and work environments, and • school environments.
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As described earlier in this chapter, the committee determined that accelerating obesity prevention will require synergy among various strategies and actions that, although important in themselves, would yield even greater benefit through complementary effects and mutual positive feedback. Box 4-2 provides an example to illustrate how action in a particular area might enhance or be enhanced by action 121 Study Approach
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For purposes of this report, the committee defined an indicator of progress as "an objective measure that can be used to assess the effect of, or association with, a given strategy in accelerating progress toward obesity prevention." In identifying potential indicators of progress, the committee considered the following key factors • the extent to which existing and/or potential indicators were linked with the overarching goal of accelerating progress in obesity prevention and/or with the individual strategies tied to each recommendation, Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention 122
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ensure food literacy, including skill development, in schools. Individually, the implementation of these evidencebased strategies will be important to prevent obesity, but they can most likely make a larger impact on accelerating obesity prevention by working together.
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These indicators are those Overarching Reduce Reduce incidence incidence and and prevalence prevalence of of obesity overweight ENERGY BALANCE Primary Increase Reduce Energy Energy Intake Expenditure Examples include Foundational Process Improve Increase Reduce Improve food Increase access street-scale quality school overconsumption of Improve and beverage to physical community physical sugar-sweetened food labeling marketing activity design education beverages practices Examples include advocacy, coalition and community capacity-building, education, advancing science, and reports 4-4.eps FIGURE 4-4 Framework for developing indicators of progress in accelerating obesity prevention. Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention 124
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Additionally, the committee held a public workshop in March 2011 to obtain input on potential indicators and to identify areas in which systems for tracking progress on a given indicator are clearly needed. Because of the committee's emphasis on accelerating progress in obesity prevention nationwide, the focus was on identifying national data sources as the primary sources for proposed indicators that currently exist.
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From page 126... ...
The committee identi fied five critical environments for intervention: physical activity environments, food and beverage environments, message environments, health care and work place environments, and school environments. These areas serve as the basis for the committee's five recommendations and respective goals, along with specific strategies and potential actions for implementation, as detailed in Chapters 5 through 9.
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