Positioning Synthetic Biology to Meet the Challenges of the 21st Century Summary Report of a Six Academies Symposium Series (2013) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 1-6
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Interconnectedness defines today's biology and offers, in places, an unprecedented and exponentially increasing linkage of many streams of discoveries and innovations.1 Biology also has become a global endeavor, with networking technologies enabling new modes of collaboration amongst multidisciplinary teams from around the world. In this networked world, researchers have the ability to develop partnerships that foster novel approaches to scientific inquiry, ask new questions about the mechanisms of life, and address global needs in innovative ways.
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" By asking different questions, synthetic biologists hope to improve our collective capacity to engineer customized biological systems designed to meet specific human needs. Scientists using synthetic biologybased approaches also hope that constructive approaches to studying biology will yield a deeper understanding of natural living systems.
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Stakeholders around the world are grappling with such questions. In the United States, for instance, the President's Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues has identified essential principles and recommendations for the purpose of guiding ongoing research in synthetic biology.2 And, in response to advances in synthetic biology, the National Institutes of Health has revised its guidelines on recombinant DNA3 based upon the National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity's consideration of synthetic biology in the context of dual use research.4 2 Anita L
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Only with an international exchange of ideas on scientific and technical challenges -- as well as policy, regulatory, and legal challenges that arise around emerging scientific fields -- will it be possible for the global network of scientists, engineers, and policymakers to develop mechanisms that encourage continued advances in emerging fields while increasing awareness of -- and proactively addressing -- challenges that may arise. As a better understanding of the global synthetic biology landscape could lead to tremendous benefits, six academies -- the United Kingdom's Royal Society (RS)
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The individual symposia, which were held in London, Shanghai, and Washington, DC, were each organized around a specific aspect of synthetic biology.6 The first symposium, in London in April 2011, provided an overview of synthetic biology and developments in the past five years. Participants discussed estimates of what might be achieved in the next 5, 10, and 25 year periods, requirements and resources necessary for realizing value creation from synthetic biology, and conditions needed for an enabling environment.
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