Report of a Workshop on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Workforce Needs for the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base (2012) / Chapter Skim
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4 Summary of Panel Sessions
4 Summary of Panel Sessions
Pages 12-44
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From page 12... ...
He then discussed cognitive neuroscience, referring to a recent NRC report on the subject, and took note of "neurophysiological advances in detecting and measuring indicators of psychological states and intentions of individuals."2 Burke then turned to the subject of STEM at scales larger than a human being. He noted that there are popula tion health problems -- obesity, drug addiction, violence, and mental health -- that have directly impacted military 1Secretary of Defense William Gates.
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Defense Industrial Base, Arlington, Va., August 1. recruiting.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE • The ability to manufacture very quickly.
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Autonomous systems will require interdisciplinary and systems-organized research, Schwartz observed; it will not be possible to maintain the necessary depth of expertise in just the DOD laboratories, but other government laboratories and universities, including those abroad, should probably be accessible. We will need systems- organized collaboration and more flexible communication with these other entities.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE Supplier Base Other U.S.
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Another participant asked if DOD can really predict the top technology in the next 15 years. • Sommerer noted that hard problems can engender a lot of good results -- for example, the steam engine had huge benefits for physics.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE • Buckley suggested that we will need to think more about building systems thinking into the various cur ricula and some fundamental courses in that area.
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introduced the topic of Panel 2 -- estimating STEM workforce needs under future scenarios -- with his presentation on back ground data relevant to the STEM workforce needs of DOD. He began by acknowledging the use of the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC)
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE of STEM, especially in the field of IT.
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The final panelist for Panel 2 was Edward Swallow, the vice president of Business Development, Civil Sys tems, for Northrop Grumman Information Systems, and the chair of the STEM Workforce Division of the National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA)
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE 2008 2011 Scientists &Engineers Scientists &Engineers DoD Lab Workforce in DoD in DoD DoD Lab Workforce 98,600 108,703 61,400 65,771 DoD Lab DoD Lab S&Es S&Es 35,400 36,788 FIGURE 4-4 Scientists and engineers in the Department of Defense (DoD)
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DOD is discussing at the level of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and OSD how to turn the DOD laboratories into such an incubator.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE • Peterson suggested that as we go forward into a competitive, resource-constrained environment, it will behoove us to know the return on investment of these interventions.
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Summary of Lead-off Presentation Harold Salzman, professor and senior faculty fellow, John J Heldrich Center for Workforce Development of Rutgers University, introduced the topic of Panel 3 -- limitations to meeting the workforce needs of DOD and the industrial base -- with his presentation entitled "New STEM Labor Market Segmentation: Implications for Meet ing Workforce Needs of DOD and the Industrial Base." He began by attempting to define the problem and asked the following questions: (1)
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE Math Reading Science Canada France Turkey France U.K.
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Panel Discussion The session then proceeded to the brief presentations by four panelists on the topic of Panel 3, limitations to meeting workforce needs of DOD and the industrial base. Burt Barnow, Amsterdam Professor of Public Policy at the George Washington University, discussed the nature of labor shortages.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE Barnow warned that occupational codes are often too broad for the task.
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The cancellation of the space shuttle, however, might have removed some of the incentive for students to enter the field of aeronautical/astronautical engineering. Addressing Rick Stephens about the difficulty encountered in training factory workers, a participant asked whether Boeing engages with public schools and community colleges.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE that of doctorates.
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Noting that in his talk Wieman had considered making changes to top research universities, a participant asked if other schools with different business models might not be more receptive. • Wieman replied that these too are focused on research, reflecting what is valued by the system.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE Lastly, a participant asked if DOD could not partner with states on certification to raise STEM on a par with other teaching areas.
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, Medical Research & Development Headquarters, and DARPA) to steer disciplines that require clear priority for DOD needs, but we also need "rowers" in the performer organizations (DOD laboratories, universities, and con 20That is, universities classified as "Research Universities I" by the Carnegie Foundation.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE tract industry)
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He stated that this is the first administration to have raised STEM education to the level that it resides in the PCAST standing portfolio. Gates suggested that Lemnios could similarly make such gestures to get the message out.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE D.C., can further constrain the latitude for change.
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PANEL 5: ENSURING AN ADEQUATE WORKFORCE CAPABILITY IN AN UNCERTAIN FUTURE Question to Be Addressed Given the unpredictability of: scientific and technological change; levels and trajectory of DOD budgets; advancements and emerging threats; and the historical inadequacy of past projections of future workforce needs -- how can DOD ensure an adequate workforce capability for itself and its defense contractors in the future? Summary of Lead-off Presentation Ruth David, the president of ANSER, began her remarks explaining that the scope of her talk would not encompass quantifying the workforce needs but would instead offer a framing of the issues that should enter into any planning.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE geographic analysis of publication data from Scopus, noting an increasingly globalized distribution of activity, but also rapid growth in certain regions of specific countries.
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A participant noted the difficulty posed by collaborative work in that it entails having to transfer knowledge to a foreign entity and navigate through export controls. • David stressed the need for export reform and suggested that research per se should be exempt from these controls, understanding that there is a blurry line between research and development.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE Panel Discussion The session then proceeded to the brief talks by the four members of Panel 5 on the panel's topic, ensuring an adequate workforce capability in an uncertain future.
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McGrady then suggested that the leverage point for STEM is the defense industrial base and the laboratories and that it is bigger than just the DOD workforce and noted the difficulty in attracting people of high caliber who are graduating right now and of bringing them into the government; some parts of the government can pay a huge salary, but they are few in number. In contrast, defense contracting does seem to pay enough and is able to retain staff; they have incentives and, for example, allow off-ramps so that you could have children and return to the job.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE The panelists having concluded their opening remarks, session moderator Robert Hermann asked them to comment on the citizenship requirement and on how DOD can make use of non-U.S.
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He observed that Lockheed Martin is engaged globally at the same time that it is involved in classified government work. He asked Jennifer Byrne how Lockheed Martin was taking advantage of this and absorbing global work into its business lines.
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE • Byrne replied, noting that Lockheed Martin has 15 strategic technology threads in which it has seen disrup tion that might be important to its customers.
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