The National Academies Press

Currently Skimming:

3 Selected Chlorosilanes: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
Pages 106-166

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.

From page 106... ... Both the document and the AEGL values were then reviewed by the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels. Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... The 26 chlorosilanes considered in this chapter are: Allyl trichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Amyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Butyl trichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlorosilane Dichlorosilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Diethyl dichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Dimethyl chlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Dimethyl dichlorosilane Tetrachlorosilane Diphenyl dichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Trichlorophenylsilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Trimethyl chlorosilane Methyl chlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane 107 Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... . These data suggest that the acute toxicity of chlorosilanes is largely explained by the HCl hydrolysis product; acute toxicity of these chlorosilanes is qualitatively (based on clinical signs) Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... Trimethylchlorosilane AEGL-3 620 ppm 210 ppm 100 ppm 26 ppm 26 ppm DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm AEGLs for HCl Diethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-2 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 ppm 5.5 ppm divided by a molar Dimethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-3 310 ppm 110 ppm 50 ppm 13 ppm 13 ppm adjustment factor of 2 Diphenyl dichlorosilane (NRC 2004) Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm AEGL values for HCl Amyl trichlorosilane AEGL-2 33 ppm 14 ppm 7.3 ppm 3.7 ppm 3.7 ppm divided by a molar Butyl trichlorosilane AEGL-3 210 ppm 70 ppm 33 ppm 8.7 ppm 8.7 ppm adjustment factor of 3 Chloromethyl trichlorosilane (NRC 2004) Read the entire page →
From page 110... ... Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Trichlorophenylsilane Trichlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane TETRACHLOROSILANE AEGL-1 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm AEGL values for HCl AEGL-2 25 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 ppm 2.8 ppm 2.8 ppm divided by a molar AEGL-3 160 ppm 53 ppm 25 ppm 6.5 ppm 6.5 ppm adjustment factor of 4 (NRC 2004) Read the entire page →
From page 111... ... were used to obtain AEGL values for the chlorosilanes. The molar ratio (moles HCl released per mole of chlorosilane, assuming complete hydrolysis) Read the entire page →
From page 112... ... studies were conducted for 10 chlorosilanes: tetrachlorosilane, propyl trichlorosilane, vinyl trichlorosilane, methyl trichlorosilane, ethyl trichlorosilane, methylvinyl dichlorosilane, dimethyl dichlorosilane, methyl dichlorosilane, trimethyl chlorosilane, and dimethyl chlorosilane (Jean et al. Read the entire page →
From page 113... ... a 1,317 2/5 2/5 4/10 1,414 3/5 4/5 7/10 Vinyl trichlorosilane 1,186 0/5 0/5 0/10 1,611 (1,505-1,724) b 1,605 4/5 2/5 6/10 1,681 2/5 1/5 3/10 1,989 5/5 5/5 10/10 Methyl trichlorosilane 622 0/5 0/5 0/10 1,365 (1,174-2,104) Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... The evidence suggests that the acute toxicity of chlorosilanes is largely attributable to the release of HCl; however, no information on the identity or potential toxicity of other decomposition products was found. No data concerning developmental or reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, or carcinogenicity for exposure to the chlorosilanes were found in the literature. Read the entire page →
From page 115... ... No other information on potential decomposition products of chlorosilanes was found. Available data suggest that the acute toxicity of chlorosilanes is largely from the HCl hydrolysis product; acute toxicity of the chlorosilanes is qualitatively (based on clinical signs) Read the entire page →
From page 116... ... . This information taken in conjunction with the observed clinical signs suggests that the acute toxicity of the chlorosilanes is quantitatively and qualitatively similar to HCl and that the HCl hydrolysis product is responsible for the acute toxicity of the chlorosilanes. Read the entire page →
From page 117... ... (2006) suggests that the acute toxicity is from HCl formed as a hydrolysis product, the data were generated using 11 of the 26 chlorosilanes, including primarily alkane-subsituted compounds and two of the three compounds with alkene substituent groups. Read the entire page →
From page 118... ... The use of HCl as a surrogate for chlorosilanes was deemed appropriate because adverse effects from exposure to chlorosilanes have been attributed to their hydrolysis product, HCl. The AEGL1 values for HCl were based on a no-observed-adverse-effect level in exercising adult with asthma (NRC 2004) Read the entire page →
From page 119... ... TABLE 3-4 AEGL-1 Values for Selected Chlorosilanesa Compound 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h MONOCHLOROSILANES Dimethyl chlorosilane 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm Methyl chlorosilane Trimethyl chlorosilane DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm Diethyl dichlorosilane Dimethyl dichlorosilane Diphenyl dichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm Amyl trichlorosilane Butyl trichlorosilane Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlorosilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Trichlorophenylsilane Trichlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane TETRACHLOROSILANE 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm a Values given in ppm. Read the entire page →
From page 120... ... (2006) to be 4,478 ppm for dimethyl dichlorosilane and 2,021 ppm for methylvinyl dichlorosilane. Read the entire page →
From page 121... ... For mono-, di-, and tri- chlorosilanes not listed, use of HCl equivalents may be considered for AEGL-value derivation. TABLE 3-5 AEGL-2 Values for Selected Chlorosilanesa Compound 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h MONOCHLOROSILANES Dimethyl chlorosilane 100 ppm 43 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 11 ppm Methyl chlorosilane Trimethyl chlorosilane DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 pm 5.5 ppm Diethyl dichlorosilane Dimethyl dichlorosilane Diphenyl dichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane 33 ppm 14 ppm 7.3 ppm 3.7 pm 3.7 ppm Amyl trichlorosilane Butyl trichlorosilane Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlorosilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) Read the entire page →
From page 122... ... ceiling levels for trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyl dichlorosilane, trichlorosilane, methyl trichlorosilane, vinyl trichlorosilane, and tetrachlorosilane. Available standards and guidelines are presented in Tables 3-8. Read the entire page →
From page 123... ... TABLE 3-7 Summary of AEGL Values for Selected Chlorosilanesa Compound Classification 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h MONOCHLOROSILANES Dimethyl chlorosilane AEGL-1 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm Methyl chlorosilane AEGL-2 100 ppm 43 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 11 ppm Trimethyl chlorosilane AEGL-3 620 ppm 210 ppm 100 ppm 26 ppm 26 ppm DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm Diethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-2 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 pm 5.5 ppm Dimethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-3 310 ppm 110 ppm 50 ppm 13 ppm 13 ppm Diphenyl dichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm Amyl trichlorosilane AEGL-2 33 ppm 14 ppm 7.3 ppm 3.7 pm 3.7 ppm Butyl trichlorosilane AEGL-3 210 ppm 70 ppm 33 ppm 8.7 ppm 8.7 ppm Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlor osilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Trichlorophenylsilane Trichlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane 123 (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 124... ... ÷ 24.5. See Appendix A for the appropriate molecular weight. Read the entire page →
From page 125... ... DICHLOROSILANES AEGL-1 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm AEGL-2 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 ppm 5.5 ppm AEGL-3 310 ppm 110 ppm 50 ppm 13 ppm 13 ppm Dimethyl dichlorosilane ERPG-1 (AIHA) Read the entire page →
From page 126... ... a ERPG (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines, American Industrial Hygiene Association) Read the entire page →
From page 127... ... The lack of data on the contribution of aromatic or chlorinated substituents to the toxicity of the chlorosilanes introduces uncertainty with respect to the protection afforded by using the molar equivalent of AEGL values for HCl as a surrogate for the AEGLs estimated for diphenyl dichlorosilane, trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane, and trichlorophenylsilane. Read the entire page →
From page 128... ... 1974. Acute toxicity in rats and mice exposed to hydrogen chloride gas and aerosols. Read the entire page →
From page 129... ... 1972. Acute toxicity of brief exposures to HF, HCL, NO2, and HCN with and without CO. Read the entire page →
From page 130... ... . International Chemical Safety Card ICSC 0442. Read the entire page →
From page 131... ... 2001. Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals. Read the entire page →
From page 132... ... 1984. 90-day Inhalation Toxicity Study of Hydrogen Chloride Gas in B6C3F1 Mice, Sprague-Dawley Rats and Fischer-344 Rats, Revised. Read the entire page →
From page 133... ... 6.05 HSDB 2007a 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.20 g/cm at 20°C HSDB 2007a Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007a Vapor pressure 53 mm Hg at 47.5°C HSDB 2007a Conversion factors 1 ppm = 7.2 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.14 ppm TABLE A-2 Chemical and Physical Properties for Amyl Trichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Pentylsilicon trichloride; HSDB 2007b pentyltrichlorosilane; trichloropentylsilane; trichloroamylsilane; trichloropentylsilane CAS registry no. 107-72-2 HSDB 2007b Chemical formula C5H11Cl3Si HSDB 2007b Molecular weight 205.59 HSDB 2007b Physical state Colorless to yellow liquid HSDB 2007b Boiling point 172°C HSDB 2007b Liquid density/specific gravity 1.1330 g/cm3 at 20°C HSDB 2007b Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007b 3 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 8.4 mg/m 1 mg/m3 = 0.12 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 134... ... -silane CAS registry no. 1558-25-4 HSDB 2002a Chemical formula CH2Cl4Si HSDB 2002a Molecular weight 183.93 HSDB 2002a Physical state Liquid HSDB 2002a Boiling point 118°C EPA 1987 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.476 g/cm HSDB 2002a Vapor pressure 30 mm Hg at 25°C EPA 1987 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 7.5 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.13 ppm TABLE A-5 Chemical and Physical Properties for Dichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Chlorosilane; silicon IPCS 1997 chloride hydride CAS registry no. Read the entire page →
From page 135... ... 1719-53-5 HSDB 2007d Chemical formula C4H10Cl2Si HSDB 2007d Molecular weight 157.11 HSDB 2007d Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007d Melting point -96.5°C HSDB 2007d Boiling point 129°C HSDB 2007d Vapor density (air = 1) 5.14 HSDB 2007d Liquid density/specific gravity 1.0504 at 20°C HSDB 2007d Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007d Vapor pressure 11.9 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007d Conversion factors 1 ppm = 6.4 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.16 ppm TABLE A-7 Chemical and Physical Properties for Dimethyl Chlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Chlorodimethylsilane ChemFinder 2007a CAS registry no. Read the entire page →
From page 136... ... 80-10-4 HSDB 2007e Chemical formula C12H10Cl2Si HSDB 2007e Molecular weight 253.2 HSDB 2007e Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007e Melting point -22°C HSDB 2007e Boiling point 305°C HSDB 2007e Vapor density (air = 1) 8.45 HSDB 2007e Liquid density/specific gravity 1.204 at 25°C HSDB 2007e Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007e Vapor pressure 4.986 kPa at 192°C HSDB 2007e 3 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 10.3 mg/m 1 mg/m3 = 0.097 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 137... ... 115-21-9 HSDB 2007g Chemical formula C2H5Cl3Si HSDB 2007g Molecular weight 163.51 HSDB 2007g Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007g Melting point -105.6°C HSDB 2007g Boiling point 100.5°C HSDB 2007g Vapor density (air = 1) 5.6 HSDB 2007g Liquid density/specific gravity 1.238 at 20°C HSDB 2007g Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007g Vapor pressure 47.18 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007g Conversion factors 1 ppm = 6.7 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.15 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 138... ... 993-00-0 SRC 2011 Chemical formula CH5ClSi ESIS 2011 Molecular weight 77.57 SRC 2011 Physical state Liquid SRC 2011 Melting point -135°C SRC 2011 Boiling point 7° C SRC 20114 Solubility in water Reacts and decomposes in water NJ DHSS 2009 Log P (octanol-water 1.33 SRC 2011 partition coefficient) Conversion factors 1 mg/m3 = 0.32 ppm 1 ppm = 3.2 mg/m3 Read the entire page →
From page 139... ... 3.97 IPCS 2002b Solubility in water Reacts and decomposes in IPCS 2002b water; soluble in benzene, ether, and heptane Vapor pressure 47.1 kPa at 20°C IPCS 2002b Flash point -22°C IPCS 2002b Auto-ignition temperature 290°C IPCS 2002b 3 Conversion factors 1 mg/m = 0.21 ppm 1 ppm = 4.7 mg/m3 TABLE A-15 Chemical and Physical Properties for Methyl Trichlorosilane Parameter Value Reference Synonyms Trichloromethylsilane AIHA 2001b CAS registry no. 75-79-6 HSDB 2007i Chemical formula CH3Cl3Si HSDB 2007i Molecular weight 149.48 HSDB 2007i Physical state Liquid AIHA 2001b Melting point -90°C HSDB 2007i Boiling point 65.6°C HSDB 2007i 3 Density 5.17 g/cm Bisesi 1994 Solubility in water Reacts and decomposes AIHA 2001b Vapor pressure 134 mm Hg at 20°C AIHA 2001b Flash point 3°C Bisesi 1994 3 Conversion factors 1 mg/m = 0.16 ppm 1 ppm = 6.1 mg/m3 Read the entire page →
From page 140... ... 5283-67-0 HSDB 2007j Chemical formula C9H19Cl3Si HSDB 2007j Molecular weight 261.72 HSDB 2007j Physical state Water-white liquid HSDB 2007j 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.072 g/cm at 25°C HSDB 2007j Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007j Conversion factors 1 ppm = 10.7 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.094 ppm TABLE A-18 Chemical and Physical Properties for Octadecyl Trichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Silane, trichlorooctadecyl, HSDB 2010b trichlorooctadecylsilane CAS registry no. 112-04-9 HSDB 2010b Chemical formula C18H37Cl3Si HSDB 2010b Molecular weight 387.93 HSDB 2010b Physical state Water-white liquid HSDB 2010b Melting point About 20°C HSDB 2010b Boiling point 380°C HSDB 2010b Liquid density/specific gravity 0.984 g/cm3 at 25°C HSDB 2010b Conversion factors 1 ppm = 16 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.063 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 141... ... 141-57-1 HSDB 2007l Chemical formula C3H7Cl3Si HSDB 2007l Molecular weight 177.53 HSDB 2007l Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007l Boiling point 123.5°C HSDB 2007l Vapor density (air = 1) 6.1215 HSDB 2007l Liquid density/specific gravity 1.195 g/cm3 at 20°C HSDB 2007l Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007l Vapor pressure 28.8 mm Hg at 20°C HSDB 2007l Conversion factors 1 ppm = 7.2 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.14 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 142... ... 27137-85-5 HSDB 2007m Chemical formula C6H3Cl5Si HSDB 2007m Molecular weight 280.43 HSDB 2007m Physical state Straw-colored liquid HSDB 2007m Boiling point 260°C HSDB 2007m Liquid density/specific gravity 1.562 g/cm3 HSDB 2007m Conversion factors 1 ppm = 11.4 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.087 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 143... ... 7.36 HSDB 2007n 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.321 g/cm at 20°C HSDB 2007n Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007n Vapor pressure 0.426 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007n Conversion factors 1 ppm = 8.6 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.12 ppm TABLE A-24 Chemical and Physical Properties for Trichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Silicochloroform HSDB 2007o CAS registry no. 10025-78-2 HSDB 2007o Chemical formula Cl3HSi HSDB 2007o Molecular weight 135.47 HSDB 2007o Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007o Melting point -126.5°C HSDB 2007o Boiling point 31.8°C HSDB 2007o Vapor density (air = 1) Read the entire page →
From page 144... ... 75-94-5 HSDB 2007q Chemical formula C2H3Cl3Si HSDB 2007q Molecular weight 161.49 HSDB 2007q Physical state Fuming liquid HSDB 2007q Melting point -95°C HSDB 2007q Boiling point 91.5°C HSDB 2007q Vapor density (air = 1) 5.61 HSDB 2007q 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.2426 g/cm at 20°C HSDB 2007q Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007q Vapor pressure 65.9 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007q 3 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 6.6 mg/m 1 mg/m3 = 0.15 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 145... ... 1992; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 3 10-min AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 30-min AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 1-h AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 4-h AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 8-h AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 146... ... 1991; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 3 Read the entire page →
From page 147... ... 1991; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 4 10-min AEGL-2: 100 ppm ÷ 4 = 25 ppm 30-min AEGL-2: 43 ppm ÷ 4 = 11 ppm 1-h AEGL-2: 22 ppm ÷ 4 = 5.5 ppm 4-h AEGL-2: 11 ppm ÷ 4 = 2.8 ppm 8-h AEGL-2: 11 ppm ÷ 4 = 2.8 ppm Derivation of AEGL-3 Monochlorosilanes Key study: AEGL-3 values for HCl (Wohlslagel et al. Read the entire page →
From page 148... ... 1977; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 3 10-min AEGL-3: 620 ppm ÷ 3 = 210 ppm 30-min AEGL-3: 210 ppm ÷ 3 = 70 ppm 1-h AEGL-3: 100 ppm ÷ 3 = 33 ppm 4-h AEGL-3: 26 ppm ÷ 3 = 8.7 ppm 8-h AEGL-3: 26 ppm ÷ 3 = 8.7 ppm Tetrachlorosilane Key study: AEGL-3 values for HCl (Wohlslagel et al. Read the entire page →
From page 149... ... 1992 Toxicity end point: No-observed-adverse-effect level in exercising asthmatic subjects Time-scaling: Cn × t = k (default of n = 1 for shorter to longer exposure period) Read the entire page →
From page 150... ... or pulmonary (mouth breathers) effects in rats exposed at 1,300 ppm for 30 min Time-scaling: C1 × t = k (n = 1 for shorter to longer exposure periods) Read the entire page →
From page 151... ... Selected Chlorosilanes 151 10-min AEGL-3: C1 × 0.167 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 6,234 ppm 6,234 ppm ÷ 10 = 623.4 ppm 30-min AEGL-3: C1 × 0.5 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 2,082 ppm 2,082 ppm ÷ 10 = 208 ppm 1-h AEGL-3: C1 × 1 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 1,041 ppm 1,041 ppm ÷ 10 = 104.1 ppm 4-h AEGL-3: C1 × 4 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 260.25 ppm 260.25 ppm ÷ 10 = 26 ppm 8-h AEGL-3: Set equal to 4-h AEGL-3 = 26 ppm Read the entire page →
From page 152... ... That would generate AEGL-2 values that are not supported by data on exercising asthmatic subjects, an especially sensitive subpopulation. Exercise increases HCl uptake and exacerbates irritation; no effects were noted in exercising young adult asthmatic subjects exposed to HCl at 1.8 ppm for 45 min (Stevens et al. Read the entire page →
From page 153... ... . A total uncertainty factor of 10 will be applied -- 3 for intraspecies variation, because the steep concentration-response curve implies limited individual variability; and 3 to protect susceptible individuals. Read the entire page →
From page 154... ... AEGL-3 values generated from a total uncertainty factor of 30 would be close (within a factor of 2) to the AEGL-2 values generated from data on exercising asthmatic subjects; (3) Read the entire page →
From page 155... ... Pp. 22122 in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. Read the entire page →
From page 156... ... Pp. 77-122 in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. Read the entire page →
From page 157... ... Pp. 77-122 in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. Read the entire page →
From page 158... ... Pp. 77-122 in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. Read the entire page →
From page 159... ... Pp. 77-122 in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. Read the entire page →
From page 160... ... Pp. 77-122 in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. Read the entire page →
From page 161... ... Uncertainty factors/Rationale: Total uncertainty factor: Interspecies: 1, test subjects were human Intraspecies: 1, test subjects were sensitive population (exercising asthmatic subjects) Modifying factor: Not applicable Animal-to-human dosimetric adjustment: Insufficient data Time-scaling: The AEGL-1 values for a sensory irritant were held constant across time because it is a threshold effect and prolonged exposure will not result in an enhanced effect. Read the entire page →
From page 162... ... That would generate AEGL-2 values that are not supported by data on exercising asthmatic subjects, an especially sensitive subpopulation because exercise increases HCl uptake and exacerbates irritation. No effects were noted in exercising young adult with asthma exposed to HCl at 1.8 ppm for 45 min (Stevens et al. Read the entire page →
From page 163... ... AEGL-2 values for 1-h exposure period was based on extrapolation from the 30-min value. The 4- and 8-h AEGL-2 values were derived by applying a modifying factor of 2 to the 1-h AEGL-2 value because time scaling would yield a 4-h AEGL-2 value of 5.4 ppm and an 8-h AEGL-2 of 2.7 ppm, close to the 1.8 ppm tolerated by exercising asthmatic subjects without adverse health effects. Read the entire page →
From page 164... ... AEGL-3 values generated from a total uncertainty factor of 30 would be close to the AEGL-2 values (within a factor of 2) generated above which are reasonable when compared with data on exercising asthmatic subjects; (3) Read the entire page →
From page 165... ... * Data plotted are for methylvinyl dichlorosilane, dimethyl dichlorosilane, and methyl dichlorosilane. Read the entire page →
From page 166... ... * Data plotted are for propyl trichlorosilane, vinyl trichlorosilane, methyl trichlorosilane, and ethyl trichlorosilane. Read the entire page →

From page 106...

... Both the document and the AEGL values were then reviewed by the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels.

Read the entire page →

From page 107...

... The 26 chlorosilanes considered in this chapter are: Allyl trichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Amyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Butyl trichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlorosilane Dichlorosilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Diethyl dichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Dimethyl chlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Dimethyl dichlorosilane Tetrachlorosilane Diphenyl dichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Trichlorophenylsilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Trimethyl chlorosilane Methyl chlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane 107

Read the entire page →

From page 108...

... . These data suggest that the acute toxicity of chlorosilanes is largely explained by the HCl hydrolysis product; acute toxicity of these chlorosilanes is qualitatively (based on clinical signs)

Read the entire page →

From page 109...

... Trimethylchlorosilane AEGL-3 620 ppm 210 ppm 100 ppm 26 ppm 26 ppm DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm AEGLs for HCl Diethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-2 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 ppm 5.5 ppm divided by a molar Dimethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-3 310 ppm 110 ppm 50 ppm 13 ppm 13 ppm adjustment factor of 2 Diphenyl dichlorosilane (NRC 2004) Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm AEGL values for HCl Amyl trichlorosilane AEGL-2 33 ppm 14 ppm 7.3 ppm 3.7 ppm 3.7 ppm divided by a molar Butyl trichlorosilane AEGL-3 210 ppm 70 ppm 33 ppm 8.7 ppm 8.7 ppm adjustment factor of 3 Chloromethyl trichlorosilane (NRC 2004)

Read the entire page →

From page 110...

... Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Trichlorophenylsilane Trichlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane TETRACHLOROSILANE AEGL-1 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm AEGL values for HCl AEGL-2 25 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 ppm 2.8 ppm 2.8 ppm divided by a molar AEGL-3 160 ppm 53 ppm 25 ppm 6.5 ppm 6.5 ppm adjustment factor of 4 (NRC 2004)

Read the entire page →

From page 111...

... were used to obtain AEGL values for the chlorosilanes. The molar ratio (moles HCl released per mole of chlorosilane, assuming complete hydrolysis)

Read the entire page →

From page 112...

... studies were conducted for 10 chlorosilanes: tetrachlorosilane, propyl trichlorosilane, vinyl trichlorosilane, methyl trichlorosilane, ethyl trichlorosilane, methylvinyl dichlorosilane, dimethyl dichlorosilane, methyl dichlorosilane, trimethyl chlorosilane, and dimethyl chlorosilane (Jean et al.

Read the entire page →

From page 113...

... a 1,317 2/5 2/5 4/10 1,414 3/5 4/5 7/10 Vinyl trichlorosilane 1,186 0/5 0/5 0/10 1,611 (1,505-1,724) b 1,605 4/5 2/5 6/10 1,681 2/5 1/5 3/10 1,989 5/5 5/5 10/10 Methyl trichlorosilane 622 0/5 0/5 0/10 1,365 (1,174-2,104)

Read the entire page →

From page 114...

... The evidence suggests that the acute toxicity of chlorosilanes is largely attributable to the release of HCl; however, no information on the identity or potential toxicity of other decomposition products was found. No data concerning developmental or reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, or carcinogenicity for exposure to the chlorosilanes were found in the literature.

Read the entire page →

From page 115...

... No other information on potential decomposition products of chlorosilanes was found. Available data suggest that the acute toxicity of chlorosilanes is largely from the HCl hydrolysis product; acute toxicity of the chlorosilanes is qualitatively (based on clinical signs)

Read the entire page →

From page 116...

... . This information taken in conjunction with the observed clinical signs suggests that the acute toxicity of the chlorosilanes is quantitatively and qualitatively similar to HCl and that the HCl hydrolysis product is responsible for the acute toxicity of the chlorosilanes.

Read the entire page →

From page 117...

... (2006) suggests that the acute toxicity is from HCl formed as a hydrolysis product, the data were generated using 11 of the 26 chlorosilanes, including primarily alkane-subsituted compounds and two of the three compounds with alkene substituent groups.

Read the entire page →

From page 118...

... The use of HCl as a surrogate for chlorosilanes was deemed appropriate because adverse effects from exposure to chlorosilanes have been attributed to their hydrolysis product, HCl. The AEGL1 values for HCl were based on a no-observed-adverse-effect level in exercising adult with asthma (NRC 2004)

Read the entire page →

From page 119...

... TABLE 3-4 AEGL-1 Values for Selected Chlorosilanesa Compound 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h MONOCHLOROSILANES Dimethyl chlorosilane 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm Methyl chlorosilane Trimethyl chlorosilane DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm Diethyl dichlorosilane Dimethyl dichlorosilane Diphenyl dichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm Amyl trichlorosilane Butyl trichlorosilane Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlorosilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Trichlorophenylsilane Trichlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane TETRACHLOROSILANE 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm 0.45 ppm a Values given in ppm.

Read the entire page →

From page 120...

... (2006) to be 4,478 ppm for dimethyl dichlorosilane and 2,021 ppm for methylvinyl dichlorosilane.

Read the entire page →

From page 121...

... For mono-, di-, and tri- chlorosilanes not listed, use of HCl equivalents may be considered for AEGL-value derivation. TABLE 3-5 AEGL-2 Values for Selected Chlorosilanesa Compound 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h MONOCHLOROSILANES Dimethyl chlorosilane 100 ppm 43 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 11 ppm Methyl chlorosilane Trimethyl chlorosilane DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 pm 5.5 ppm Diethyl dichlorosilane Dimethyl dichlorosilane Diphenyl dichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane 33 ppm 14 ppm 7.3 ppm 3.7 pm 3.7 ppm Amyl trichlorosilane Butyl trichlorosilane Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlorosilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl)

Read the entire page →

From page 122...

... ceiling levels for trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyl dichlorosilane, trichlorosilane, methyl trichlorosilane, vinyl trichlorosilane, and tetrachlorosilane. Available standards and guidelines are presented in Tables 3-8.

Read the entire page →

From page 123...

... TABLE 3-7 Summary of AEGL Values for Selected Chlorosilanesa Compound Classification 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h MONOCHLOROSILANES Dimethyl chlorosilane AEGL-1 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm Methyl chlorosilane AEGL-2 100 ppm 43 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 11 ppm Trimethyl chlorosilane AEGL-3 620 ppm 210 ppm 100 ppm 26 ppm 26 ppm DICHLOROSILANES Dichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm Diethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-2 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 pm 5.5 ppm Dimethyl dichlorosilane AEGL-3 310 ppm 110 ppm 50 ppm 13 ppm 13 ppm Diphenyl dichlorosilane Methyl dichlorosilane Methylvinyl dichlorosilane TRICHLOROSILANES Allyl trichlorosilane AEGL-1 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm 0.60 ppm Amyl trichlorosilane AEGL-2 33 ppm 14 ppm 7.3 ppm 3.7 pm 3.7 ppm Butyl trichlorosilane AEGL-3 210 ppm 70 ppm 33 ppm 8.7 ppm 8.7 ppm Chloromethyl trichlorosilane Dodecyl trichlorosilane Ethyl trichlorosilane Hexyl trichlorosilane Methyl trichlorosilane Nonyl trichlor osilane Octadecyl trichlorosilane Octyl trichlorosilane Propyl trichlorosilane Trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane Trichlorophenylsilane Trichlorosilane Vinyl trichlorosilane 123 (Continued)

Read the entire page →

From page 124...

... ÷ 24.5. See Appendix A for the appropriate molecular weight.

Read the entire page →

From page 125...

... DICHLOROSILANES AEGL-1 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm 0.90 ppm AEGL-2 50 ppm 22 ppm 11 ppm 5.5 ppm 5.5 ppm AEGL-3 310 ppm 110 ppm 50 ppm 13 ppm 13 ppm Dimethyl dichlorosilane ERPG-1 (AIHA)

Read the entire page →

From page 126...

... a ERPG (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines, American Industrial Hygiene Association)

Read the entire page →

From page 127...

... The lack of data on the contribution of aromatic or chlorinated substituents to the toxicity of the chlorosilanes introduces uncertainty with respect to the protection afforded by using the molar equivalent of AEGL values for HCl as a surrogate for the AEGLs estimated for diphenyl dichlorosilane, trichloro(dichlorophenyl) silane, and trichlorophenylsilane.

Read the entire page →

From page 128...

... 1974. Acute toxicity in rats and mice exposed to hydrogen chloride gas and aerosols.

Read the entire page →

From page 129...

... 1972. Acute toxicity of brief exposures to HF, HCL, NO2, and HCN with and without CO.

Read the entire page →

From page 130...

... . International Chemical Safety Card ICSC 0442.

Read the entire page →

From page 131...

... 2001. Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.

Read the entire page →

From page 132...

... 1984. 90-day Inhalation Toxicity Study of Hydrogen Chloride Gas in B6C3F1 Mice, Sprague-Dawley Rats and Fischer-344 Rats, Revised.

Read the entire page →

From page 133...

... 6.05 HSDB 2007a 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.20 g/cm at 20°C HSDB 2007a Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007a Vapor pressure 53 mm Hg at 47.5°C HSDB 2007a Conversion factors 1 ppm = 7.2 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.14 ppm TABLE A-2 Chemical and Physical Properties for Amyl Trichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Pentylsilicon trichloride; HSDB 2007b pentyltrichlorosilane; trichloropentylsilane; trichloroamylsilane; trichloropentylsilane CAS registry no. 107-72-2 HSDB 2007b Chemical formula C5H11Cl3Si HSDB 2007b Molecular weight 205.59 HSDB 2007b Physical state Colorless to yellow liquid HSDB 2007b Boiling point 172°C HSDB 2007b Liquid density/specific gravity 1.1330 g/cm3 at 20°C HSDB 2007b Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007b 3 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 8.4 mg/m 1 mg/m3 = 0.12 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 134...

... -silane CAS registry no. 1558-25-4 HSDB 2002a Chemical formula CH2Cl4Si HSDB 2002a Molecular weight 183.93 HSDB 2002a Physical state Liquid HSDB 2002a Boiling point 118°C EPA 1987 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.476 g/cm HSDB 2002a Vapor pressure 30 mm Hg at 25°C EPA 1987 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 7.5 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.13 ppm TABLE A-5 Chemical and Physical Properties for Dichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Chlorosilane; silicon IPCS 1997 chloride hydride CAS registry no.

Read the entire page →

From page 135...

... 1719-53-5 HSDB 2007d Chemical formula C4H10Cl2Si HSDB 2007d Molecular weight 157.11 HSDB 2007d Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007d Melting point -96.5°C HSDB 2007d Boiling point 129°C HSDB 2007d Vapor density (air = 1) 5.14 HSDB 2007d Liquid density/specific gravity 1.0504 at 20°C HSDB 2007d Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007d Vapor pressure 11.9 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007d Conversion factors 1 ppm = 6.4 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.16 ppm TABLE A-7 Chemical and Physical Properties for Dimethyl Chlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Chlorodimethylsilane ChemFinder 2007a CAS registry no.

Read the entire page →

From page 136...

... 80-10-4 HSDB 2007e Chemical formula C12H10Cl2Si HSDB 2007e Molecular weight 253.2 HSDB 2007e Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007e Melting point -22°C HSDB 2007e Boiling point 305°C HSDB 2007e Vapor density (air = 1) 8.45 HSDB 2007e Liquid density/specific gravity 1.204 at 25°C HSDB 2007e Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007e Vapor pressure 4.986 kPa at 192°C HSDB 2007e 3 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 10.3 mg/m 1 mg/m3 = 0.097 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 137...

... 115-21-9 HSDB 2007g Chemical formula C2H5Cl3Si HSDB 2007g Molecular weight 163.51 HSDB 2007g Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007g Melting point -105.6°C HSDB 2007g Boiling point 100.5°C HSDB 2007g Vapor density (air = 1) 5.6 HSDB 2007g Liquid density/specific gravity 1.238 at 20°C HSDB 2007g Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007g Vapor pressure 47.18 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007g Conversion factors 1 ppm = 6.7 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.15 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 138...

... 993-00-0 SRC 2011 Chemical formula CH5ClSi ESIS 2011 Molecular weight 77.57 SRC 2011 Physical state Liquid SRC 2011 Melting point -135°C SRC 2011 Boiling point 7° C SRC 20114 Solubility in water Reacts and decomposes in water NJ DHSS 2009 Log P (octanol-water 1.33 SRC 2011 partition coefficient) Conversion factors 1 mg/m3 = 0.32 ppm 1 ppm = 3.2 mg/m3

Read the entire page →

From page 139...

... 3.97 IPCS 2002b Solubility in water Reacts and decomposes in IPCS 2002b water; soluble in benzene, ether, and heptane Vapor pressure 47.1 kPa at 20°C IPCS 2002b Flash point -22°C IPCS 2002b Auto-ignition temperature 290°C IPCS 2002b 3 Conversion factors 1 mg/m = 0.21 ppm 1 ppm = 4.7 mg/m3 TABLE A-15 Chemical and Physical Properties for Methyl Trichlorosilane Parameter Value Reference Synonyms Trichloromethylsilane AIHA 2001b CAS registry no. 75-79-6 HSDB 2007i Chemical formula CH3Cl3Si HSDB 2007i Molecular weight 149.48 HSDB 2007i Physical state Liquid AIHA 2001b Melting point -90°C HSDB 2007i Boiling point 65.6°C HSDB 2007i 3 Density 5.17 g/cm Bisesi 1994 Solubility in water Reacts and decomposes AIHA 2001b Vapor pressure 134 mm Hg at 20°C AIHA 2001b Flash point 3°C Bisesi 1994 3 Conversion factors 1 mg/m = 0.16 ppm 1 ppm = 6.1 mg/m3

Read the entire page →

From page 140...

... 5283-67-0 HSDB 2007j Chemical formula C9H19Cl3Si HSDB 2007j Molecular weight 261.72 HSDB 2007j Physical state Water-white liquid HSDB 2007j 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.072 g/cm at 25°C HSDB 2007j Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007j Conversion factors 1 ppm = 10.7 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.094 ppm TABLE A-18 Chemical and Physical Properties for Octadecyl Trichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Silane, trichlorooctadecyl, HSDB 2010b trichlorooctadecylsilane CAS registry no. 112-04-9 HSDB 2010b Chemical formula C18H37Cl3Si HSDB 2010b Molecular weight 387.93 HSDB 2010b Physical state Water-white liquid HSDB 2010b Melting point About 20°C HSDB 2010b Boiling point 380°C HSDB 2010b Liquid density/specific gravity 0.984 g/cm3 at 25°C HSDB 2010b Conversion factors 1 ppm = 16 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.063 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 141...

... 141-57-1 HSDB 2007l Chemical formula C3H7Cl3Si HSDB 2007l Molecular weight 177.53 HSDB 2007l Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007l Boiling point 123.5°C HSDB 2007l Vapor density (air = 1) 6.1215 HSDB 2007l Liquid density/specific gravity 1.195 g/cm3 at 20°C HSDB 2007l Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007l Vapor pressure 28.8 mm Hg at 20°C HSDB 2007l Conversion factors 1 ppm = 7.2 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.14 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 142...

... 27137-85-5 HSDB 2007m Chemical formula C6H3Cl5Si HSDB 2007m Molecular weight 280.43 HSDB 2007m Physical state Straw-colored liquid HSDB 2007m Boiling point 260°C HSDB 2007m Liquid density/specific gravity 1.562 g/cm3 HSDB 2007m Conversion factors 1 ppm = 11.4 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.087 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 143...

... 7.36 HSDB 2007n 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.321 g/cm at 20°C HSDB 2007n Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007n Vapor pressure 0.426 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007n Conversion factors 1 ppm = 8.6 mg/m3 1 mg/m3 = 0.12 ppm TABLE A-24 Chemical and Physical Properties for Trichlorosilane Parameter Value References Synonyms Silicochloroform HSDB 2007o CAS registry no. 10025-78-2 HSDB 2007o Chemical formula Cl3HSi HSDB 2007o Molecular weight 135.47 HSDB 2007o Physical state Colorless liquid HSDB 2007o Melting point -126.5°C HSDB 2007o Boiling point 31.8°C HSDB 2007o Vapor density (air = 1)

Read the entire page →

From page 144...

... 75-94-5 HSDB 2007q Chemical formula C2H3Cl3Si HSDB 2007q Molecular weight 161.49 HSDB 2007q Physical state Fuming liquid HSDB 2007q Melting point -95°C HSDB 2007q Boiling point 91.5°C HSDB 2007q Vapor density (air = 1) 5.61 HSDB 2007q 3 Liquid density/specific gravity 1.2426 g/cm at 20°C HSDB 2007q Solubility in water Hydrolyzes to form HCl HSDB 2007q Vapor pressure 65.9 mm Hg at 25°C HSDB 2007q 3 Conversion factors 1 ppm = 6.6 mg/m 1 mg/m3 = 0.15 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 145...

... 1992; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 3 10-min AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 30-min AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 1-h AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 4-h AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm 8-h AEGL-1: 1.8 ppm ÷ 3 = 0.60 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 146...

... 1991; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 3

Read the entire page →

From page 147...

... 1991; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 4 10-min AEGL-2: 100 ppm ÷ 4 = 25 ppm 30-min AEGL-2: 43 ppm ÷ 4 = 11 ppm 1-h AEGL-2: 22 ppm ÷ 4 = 5.5 ppm 4-h AEGL-2: 11 ppm ÷ 4 = 2.8 ppm 8-h AEGL-2: 11 ppm ÷ 4 = 2.8 ppm Derivation of AEGL-3 Monochlorosilanes Key study: AEGL-3 values for HCl (Wohlslagel et al.

Read the entire page →

From page 148...

... 1977; NRC 2004) divided by a molar adjustment factor of 3 10-min AEGL-3: 620 ppm ÷ 3 = 210 ppm 30-min AEGL-3: 210 ppm ÷ 3 = 70 ppm 1-h AEGL-3: 100 ppm ÷ 3 = 33 ppm 4-h AEGL-3: 26 ppm ÷ 3 = 8.7 ppm 8-h AEGL-3: 26 ppm ÷ 3 = 8.7 ppm Tetrachlorosilane Key study: AEGL-3 values for HCl (Wohlslagel et al.

Read the entire page →

From page 149...

... 1992 Toxicity end point: No-observed-adverse-effect level in exercising asthmatic subjects Time-scaling: Cn × t = k (default of n = 1 for shorter to longer exposure period)

Read the entire page →

From page 150...

... or pulmonary (mouth breathers) effects in rats exposed at 1,300 ppm for 30 min Time-scaling: C1 × t = k (n = 1 for shorter to longer exposure periods)

Read the entire page →

From page 151...

... Selected Chlorosilanes 151 10-min AEGL-3: C1 × 0.167 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 6,234 ppm 6,234 ppm ÷ 10 = 623.4 ppm 30-min AEGL-3: C1 × 0.5 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 2,082 ppm 2,082 ppm ÷ 10 = 208 ppm 1-h AEGL-3: C1 × 1 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 1,041 ppm 1,041 ppm ÷ 10 = 104.1 ppm 4-h AEGL-3: C1 × 4 h = 1,041 ppm-h C = 260.25 ppm 260.25 ppm ÷ 10 = 26 ppm 8-h AEGL-3: Set equal to 4-h AEGL-3 = 26 ppm

Read the entire page →

From page 152...

... That would generate AEGL-2 values that are not supported by data on exercising asthmatic subjects, an especially sensitive subpopulation. Exercise increases HCl uptake and exacerbates irritation; no effects were noted in exercising young adult asthmatic subjects exposed to HCl at 1.8 ppm for 45 min (Stevens et al.

Read the entire page →

From page 153...

... . A total uncertainty factor of 10 will be applied -- 3 for intraspecies variation, because the steep concentration-response curve implies limited individual variability; and 3 to protect susceptible individuals.

Read the entire page →

From page 154...

... AEGL-3 values generated from a total uncertainty factor of 30 would be close (within a factor of 2) to the AEGL-2 values generated from data on exercising asthmatic subjects; (3)

Read the entire page →

From page 155...

... Pp. 22122 in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol.

Read the entire page →

From page 156...