Fairness in Employment Testing Validity Generalization, Minority Issues, and the General Aptitude Test Battery (1989) / Chapter Skim
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10 The VG-GATB Program: Concept, Promotion, and Implementation
10 The VG-GATB Program: Concept, Promotion, and Implementation
Pages 191-208
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From page 191... ...
as a whole they chose to concentrate on the employer (Hawk et al., 1986:21. They developed a plan for a thoroughgoing reorganization of the way local offices operate, a plan designed to rationalize the system, improve the quality of people referred to employers, and thereby attract more and better job orders.
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From page 192... ...
The model recognizes that the standard VG procedures are not applicable to some job seekers, including nonEnglish-speaking and illiterate applicants and those with handicapping conditions. It is suggested that local offices maintain close ties with community organizations that are set up to handle people with such special needs so that they can provide efficient referral to the appropriate agencies.
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From page 193... ...
As the diamonds at the left of the figure illustrate, the model also provides counseling services for those in the applicant file who are not being referred because of low scores or lack of marketable skills, or who have a record of multiple unsuccessful referrals. This level of service would require automated file search and so would be possible only in local offices that have computerized files.
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From page 194... ...
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From page 195... ...
195 0 cn CO ~ C o _& _ ~c a)
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From page 196... ...
File Search and Referral When an employer places a job order, local office staff assign it a code number from the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) and, in the VG-GATB system, one of the five job family designations.
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From page 197... ...
Every potential recruit's test scores and other relevant data are entered directly into the central file, and job counselors at the MEPS have immediate access to information about the jobs available in their Service for which the applicant qualifies. Many of the local offices that have introduced automation have adopted a decentralized system, with each office doing its own scoring and record keeping.
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From page 198... ...
Comment on the Conceptual Model There can be little doubt that the automation of Job Service operations offers enormous efficiencies when compared with manual file search. This is true whether or not the local office is using the VG-GATB Referral System.
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From page 199... ...
that is designed to impress, dazzling all but a small number of macroeconomists who can sensibly interpret numbers of this magnitude. We cannot claim to have conducted a thorough investigation of the way the VG-GATB system is being advertised to employers and job seekers at the state and local levels.
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From page 200... ...
In addition, although the trial court accepted arguments for the transportability of validities on the basis of early evidence from the validity generalization research, the appellate court ruled that, in the absence of adverse impact, the testing issue need not be addressed. That record is not sufficient to support the degree of legal acceptability implied by the brochure.
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From page 201... ...
The committee evaluated five pilot studies, two growing out of the very early experience with the new program in local offices in North Carolina and three that look at the effects on job performance in three firms. All the studies purport to show improvements attributable to the introduction of the VG-GATB Referral System in one or more of the following areas: staff)
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From page 202... ...
. These data show that between 1981 and 1982, the seven VG-GATB offices improved more than the other local offices with respect to the number of referrals and job placements made; staff "productivity" (number of placements made relative to the number of staff available)
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From page 203... ...
Of the 173 employers who hired anyone during the 18 months of the pilot program, about 52 percent said that the VG-GATB system made the Employment Service more useful to them; 44 percent said applicant quality improved; and 25 percent said VG-GATB selection reduced training and other personnel costs. These variables appeared to interact with each other and with attitude toward the Employment Service.
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From page 204... ...
Workers in the last group were selected on the basis of previous supervisor performance evaluations. Five performance measures were used in the study: a supervisor rating of productivity, quality, tool use, job knowledge, adaptability, and overall ability; a supervisor's rank-ordering on overall quality of all of his or her employees; excused and unexcused absences; supervisor's rating of frequency of visits to the medical department; and recommendation to rehire.
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From page 205... ...
The study involved sewing machine operators in five plants owned by a manufacturer of casual wear. A group of 751 of a total of 932 new employees was tested with the GATE prior to hire, but their scores were not used in hiring.
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From page 206... ...
. The results, since they require no corrections or adjustments, pretty well mean what they say: there is a tendency for sewing machine operators with high VG-GATB Job Family V scores to perform better and have less turnover than those with low scores.
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From page 207... ...
economy; given the Department of Justice challenge to the legality of within-group scoring and the larger philosophical debates about race-conscious mechanisms and the known problems of using a test with severe adverse impact; given the primitive state of knowledge about the relationship of individual performance and productivity of the firm, we recommend that the claims for the testing program be tempered and that employers as well as job seekers be given a balanced view of the strengths and weaknesses of the GATE and its likely contribution in matching people to jobs. Implementation of the VG-GATB Referral System: The Pilot Studies Findings 1.
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From page 208... ...
The Employers' National Job Service Committee can help to identify appropriate employers who are willing to commit the resources necessary to study the effects of VG-GATB referral.
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