Research Methods to Assess Dietary Intake and Program Participation in Child Day Care Application to the Child and Adult Care Food Program: Workshop Summary (2012) / Chapter Skim
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5 Moving Forward
5 Moving Forward
Pages 65-78
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From page 65... ...
, from program participation to program quality, calls for an equally broad range of methodologies for designing a nationally representative study to assess dietary intake and program participation in child day care. As elaborated throughout this summary, many lessons have been learned from past experience about what data to collect and how to collect and interpret those data.
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From page 66... ...
5. Are there different evaluation measures that should be considered for CACFP family day care homes versus child care centers?
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From page 67... ...
The CACFP report (IOM, 2011) recommended substantial changes to CACFP meal requirements in an effort to bring the requirements into alignment with the best available dietary guidance and to improve consistency with the requirements of other USDA food assistance programs.
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From page 68... ...
, children's experiences (i.e., what the children actually eat) , or parents' expectations, and then to decide the minimum amount of data needed for each category in order to assess the impact of the meal requirement changes.
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From page 69... ...
The recommended CACFP meal requirement changes are expected to impact not just the cost to providers but also the cost to states in the form of training and other activities that will need to be implemented in order to oversee the requested changes. One audience member urged, therefore, that baseline data also be collected on all costs.
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From page 70... ...
She asked, "Are we creating a positive food environment so that those 3.4 million children, and the few adults as well, are actually being exposed to healthier foods? " Another audience member predicted that it would be too challenging to correlate changes in CACFP meal requirements with such a distal outcome (i.e., creation of a healthier eating environment for the full day)
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From page 71... ...
QUESTION 3 What are the best study designs to gather nationally representative data, and to allow an evaluation of trends? The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 calls for a "nationally representative study of child care centers and family or group day care homes." But what type of study?
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From page 72... ...
Yet, when conducting their nationally representative study, they are collecting data on about two and a half times as many non-low-income children as low-income children. The money spent on data collection among so many non-low-income children prohibits doing additional analyses on low-income children (e.g., examining differences between rural and urban populations, between two household earners and households with only one earner, or between blacks and Latinos)
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From page 73... ...
She opined that, with advances in information technology, there is no reason for states to continue aggregating data before submission. QUESTION 5 Are there different evaluation measures that should be considered for CACFP family day care homes versus child care centers?
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From page 74... ...
The provider may understand "play," but not "active play" or "structured play." During development of a California statewide survey, Lorrene Ritchie and colleagues hired a child care consultant to reword some of the questions so that their survey tool, which had been developed for use in child care centers, could be used in family day care homes. The redesigned questionnaire was much longer than the original because it included more definitions and examples.
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From page 75... ...
. FINAL REMARKS This 1-day workshop was a continuation of the review of the CACFP meal requirements carried out by an IOM expert committee, which released the consensus report Child and Adult Care Food Program: Aligning Dietary Guidance for All in October 2010 (IOM, 2011)
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For example, with respect to dietary intake, is the goal to assess whether the implemented changes are having the desired effect (i.e., aligning foods served with current dietary guidance)
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From page 77... ...
Stallings identified variation in setting as a major challenge to collecting and analyzing CACFP data. Differences between child care centers and family day care homes, not to men tion differences between licensed and unlicensed family day care homes, cut across the three main areas of research addressed by the workshop (i.e., food and nutrient intake, barriers and facilitators to providing healthy meals and snacks, program access and participa tion trends)
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From page 78... ...
Hirschman encouraged workshop participants and other experts in the field to become involved, if not by way of proposal submission then perhaps by helping contractors prepare their proposals, serving on an advisory panel to the contractor (FNS studies have advisory panels that provide advice to the researchers throughout the course of the study) , or serving as a reviewer of interim deliverables (e.g., reviewing survey questionnaires before they are distributed)
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