Sustainability for the Nation Resource Connections and Governance Linkages (2013) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
3 Examples of Sustainability Connections and Linkages
3 Examples of Sustainability Connections and Linkages
Pages 39-69
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From page 39... ...
Department of Transportation (DOT) has established an office to plan and manage both public transit programs and highways in the metropolitan region.
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During the fourth committee meeting held in June 2012, Charles Branas, University of Pennsylvania, reported that these greening efforts had positive, significant impacts on several health outcomes: Gun assaults were reduced in all city sections; vandalism dropped in West Philadelphia; high stress decreased among residents in North Philadelphia; and exercise increased among residents of West Philadelphia. The Clean Water Act of 1972 prescribes that local governments capture and treat wastewater before discharging it in rivers.
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FIGURE 3-1 An Unconventional Path: Rationale for the Green Infrastructure Approach. SOURCE: Presentation by Christopher Crockett, Philadelphia Water Department (PWD)
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Soil also filters storm water runoff, reducing pollutant concentrations and improving surface and groundwater quality. Conserving water.
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URBAN SYSTEMS - Phoenix Phoenix is a large, rapidly growing city located in a desert environment with an ethnically diverse and rapidly expanding population. Phoenix faces a unique combination of sustainability challenges, including water scarcity, poor urban air quality, significant loss of biodiversity, increasing demands on energy resources, and urban heat island effects on public health.
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. To optimize water use, Phoenix will need long-term planning horizons that incorporate uncertainty and trade-offs (Quay, 2012; Arizona State University Morrison Institute for Public Policy, 2011)
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Urban heat islands and sustainability of healthy populations In a desert city such as Phoenix, the urban heat island effect can be very pronounced in two ways. First, in the summer months, some urban areas may be several degrees hotter than others.
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USDA is providing support to local groups for urban agriculture programs, such as community gardens in poor neighborhoods, which provide green spaces that cool the environment and reduce social isolation. The National Weather Service and the State of Arizona are collaborating to provide heat watch warnings and public education.
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From page 47... ...
Land management in the California Mojave currently involves two coordinated management efforts: the Desert Manager's Group (DMG) and the ongoing development of the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan (DRECP)
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48 Sustainability for the Nation: Resource Conn f R nections & Gove vernance Linkag ges Desert Managers Gr t roup This group ori T iginated as a collaboration between the Bureau of La and Management (BLM) and the Natio onal Park Serv vice (NPS)
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From page 49... ...
Although DMG is a very successful collaboration, it has neither budget nor regulatory authority over land use or other sustainability-based decisions, and thus its impact is limited to coordination of voluntary efforts by its members. Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan In 2008 California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed Executive Order S-14-08, which requires that one-third of California's energy come from renewable sources by 2020.
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From page 50... ...
. After a decade of negotiations about how to protect endangered species along the Platte while maintaining the river's usefulness for irrigation and other purposes, the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program was initiated in 2007 through the "Cooperative Agreement for Platte River Research and Other Efforts Relating to Endangered Species Habitat along the Central Platte River, Nebraska" (Platte River Recovery Implementation Program, 2010)
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From page 51... ...
Though the Platte River Program takes into account multiple water and land uses, it was created in response to statutory responsibilities to protect endangered species (Freeman, 2010)
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The Cooperative Agreement established a Governance Committee (GC) as the decision-making body for the Platte River Program (Platte River Recovery Implementation Program, 2007)
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The neutral authority obtained agreement on common goals and on monitoring to test some potential actions, thus employing adaptive management approaches. COASTAL SYSTEMS - Great Lakes The Great Lakes of North America are the largest body of fresh water on the planet and the largest coastal system in the lower 48 states of the United States (Figure 3-5)
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From page 54... ...
Thus, IJC led to scientific knowledge that resulted in the Clean Water Act, sewage treatment, and discharge limits for water pollutants such as phosphorus. Without the facilitating and convening role of the IJC, it is not clear what the national trajectory of water quality management of nutrient point sources might have been.
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From page 55... ...
The existence of the Boundary Waters Treaty and the international Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement has led to other successful institutional arrangements that use science as a foundation for management and policy. For example, the International Association of Great Lakes Research consists of interdisciplinary researchers with a place-based focus.
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From page 56... ...
Wingfield, Great Lakes Fishery Commission. COASTAL SYSTEMS - Pacific Northwest The Bonneville Power Authority and the Northwest Power and Conservation Council The nearly century-long history of dams on the Columbia River system -- with their implications for energy production, water management, agriculture, forestry, recreation, and fish habitat -- illustrates many crosscutting challenges in resource use, economics, and human well-being.
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From page 57... ...
Key lessons learned from the management of the Columbia River watershed and its hydroelectric resources include the potential effectiveness of devolving authority from the federal government to regional players, the ability of these regional players to convene voices from diverse sectors, and the benefits of exercising "soft power" rather than rigid authority. FIGURE 3-7 The Columbia River Basin -- Accessible and Blocked Habitat.
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PSP is a state agency and as a result has a line item budget from the state legislature. The partnership collaborates with EPA and is deeply involved with its Action Plan for Puget Sound and the Northwest Power and Conservation Council.
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From page 59... ...
Similarly, the success of the effort in Platte River Basin arose largely from the enforcement of an existing regulation implementing the ESA. FWS was willing to be part of a neutral authority that brought together the stakeholders; this neutral authority obtained agreement on common goals and on monitoring to test some potential actions, thus employing adaptive management approaches.
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From page 60... ...
Examples reviewed by the committee include the Platte River Recovery Governance Committee structure and decision process, the California Renewable Energy Action Team, and the Puget Sound Partnership. Numerous other examples vary along a continuum from loosely knit confederations to congressionally authorized, formal, interagency coordinating structures.
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From page 61... ...
Land-use authorities in some other locales do participate in collaborative governance efforts, however. One example in the literature is the Boston Harbor Island National Recreation Area, a network governance structure that plans and manages a mosaic of state, local, and nonprofit lands; the group includes federal, state, and local agencies with land management responsibilities (Boston Harbor Islands Partnership Charter, 2006)
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From page 62... ...
In the Platte River Recovery Implementation Plan, adaptive management processes help managers address uncertainties regarding what water management regimes will best meet the needs of endangered species while, at the same time, sustaining sufficient water for agriculture, energy, and other uses. In addition, this approach was attributed with helping the plan's participants transcend scientific disagreements regarding the amount and timing of water flows necessary for species protection.
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From page 63... ...
2008. Mem orandum of Understanding between the California Department of Fish and Game, the California Energy Commission, the Bureau of Land Management, and the U.S.
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2010. Recommendations of Independent Science Advisors for the California Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan.
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2006. Toward a new horizontal federalism: interstate water management in the Great Lakes region.
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2009. Renegotiating the Great Lakes water quality agreement: The process for a sustainable outcome.
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Accessed October 1, 2012. Platte River Recovery Implementation Program.
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2011. Adaptive management on the central Platte River -- Science, engineer ing, and decision analysis to assist in the recovery of four species.
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2010. Climate change impacts on water management in the Puget Sound region, Washington State, USA.
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