Contagion of Violence Workshop Summary (2013) / Chapter Skim
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2 Patterns of Transmission of Violence
2 Patterns of Transmission of Violence
Pages 7-16
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pointed out that, in 1993, a National Institutes of Health panel recommended that research funding priorities in the area of violence should place an emphasis on the context in which violence occurs, and, 10 years later, NICHD led an initiative calling for research on the epidemiology of children exposed to violence. The data presented by many of the workshop speakers highlighted the epidemiological approaches that have been applied to research on and interventions to prevent multiple types of violence.
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Like the spread of acts of collective violence, evidence shows that exposure to interpersonal violence leads to additional acts of interpersonal violence. Speaker and planning committee member Charlotte Watts of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine noted that there is
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Speaker Eric Dubow of Bowling Green State University presented evidence that links exposure to ethnopolitical violence and multiple forms of interpersonal violence. He cited studies that support ethnopolitical violence as a higher level stressor that increases other forms of violence at other ecological levels, such as violence within the community, within the schools, and within the family (Dubow et al., 2010; Cummings et al., 2010, 2011)
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A disconnection from or erosion of positive social norms makes individuals and communities more susceptible to the contagion of violence. In citing an example of youth violence in New York City, speaker Jeffrey Fagan of Columbia Law School noted the disconnection between the social norms of the police and the youth as a contributing factor in the contagion of violence.
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Dr. Watts cited violence prevention intervention models and evaluations from Brazil and from South Africa that show that active engagement of men and boys to redefine masculinity can reduce the perpetration of intimate partner violence.
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Media Forum member and planning committee chair Rowell Huesmann of the University of Michigan stated that evidence has clearly shown that media violence promotes the contagion of violence significantly and substantially.
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Additionally, evidence shows that exposure to ethnopolitical violence adversely affects a child's emotional security toward his or her community, which in turn leads to more externalizing behaviors such as aggression and attention disorders (Cummings et al., 2010, 2011)
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Speaker Carl Bell of the Community Mental Health Council commented that one of the challenges with public health interventions to interrupt epidemics is that the epidemics often are cyclical. He gave the example
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What factors are associated with recent intimate partner violence? Findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence.
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BMC Public Health 11(7)
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