Optics and Photonics Essential Technologies for Our Nation (2013) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 13-19
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From page 13... ...
As noted in the introduction to Charles Kao's 2009 Nobel Prize lecture on his work in optical fiber communications, "the work has fundamentally transformed the way we live our daily lives."1 Indeed, optical fiber communications have enabled what Thomas Friedman has called a "flat world."2 Without optics, the Internet as we know it would not exist. The phrase "optics and photonics" is used throughout this study to capture light's dual nature (1)
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From page 14... ...
Some claim that optoelectronics is a subfield of electro-optics involving the study and application of electronic devices that source, detect, and control light. Colloquially, the term "optoelectronics" is most commonly used to refer to the quantum mechanical effects of light on semiconductor materials, sometimes in the presence of an electrical field.
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From page 15... ...
tiplication in silicon and germanium p-n junctions, and Neumann indicated separately in a letter to a colleague that that one could obtain radiation amplification by stimulated emission in semiconductors. Japan's Optoelectronics Industry and Technology Development Association was established in 1980, and the U.S.
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From page 16... ...
Accordingly, the National Research Council's Committee on Harnessing Light: Capitalizing on Optical Science Trends and Challenges for Future Research under took a new study to examine the current state of the art and economic impact of optics and photonics technologies, with an eye toward ensuring that optics and photonics continue to enable a vibrant and secure future for U.S. society.
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From page 17... ...
Since 2000, the photonics industry has tended to receive little interest from the investment community and little financial analyst coverage, and start-up companies in photonics can have difficulty acquiring seed capital.5 However, a large fraction of the major companies in the United States rely on 3 Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology. Capabilities brochure.
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From page 18... ...
A similar scenario exists for Chinese companies that specialize in selling optical components and subsystems. By contrast, data centers continue to be located overwhelmingly in the United States, possibly because the United States has the most effective communications infrastructure at the moment.
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From page 19... ...
It is the committee's hope that this study will help policy makers and leaders decide on courses of action that can advance the future of optics and photonics; promote a greener, healthier, and more productive society; and ensure a leadership position for the United States in the face of increasing foreign competition. In general, the committee's recommendations call for improved management of U.S.
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