The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety Stakeholder Concerns, Scientific Evidence, and Future Studies (2013) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
4 Stakeholder Concerns Related to the Safety of the Immunization Schedule
4 Stakeholder Concerns Related to the Safety of the Immunization Schedule
Pages 59-74
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 59... ...
From this controversy came innovation that created the acellular pertussis vaccine, which has fewer observed adverse effects, as well as policy changes in the United States with the enactment of the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (IOM, 1992; Noble et al., 1987)
|
From page 60... ...
report Initial Guidance for an Update of the National Vaccine Plan: A Letter Report to the National Vaccine Program Office (IOM, 2008) , which is also referenced in the 2010 National Vaccine Plan of the U.S.
|
From page 61... ...
. Multiple comprehensive searches were used to identify references that described stakeholder concerns and analyzed health outcomes after immunization according to the recommended childhood immunization schedule.
|
From page 62... ...
. Second, the committee excluded studies that focused on individual vaccines or combination immunizations rather than the entire childhood immunization schedule.
|
From page 63... ...
reported that the two most common concerns that parents expressed about childhood immunizations were that too many vaccines were being administered to infants and children and that childhood vaccines may weaken the immune system (Gellin et al., 2000)
|
From page 64... ...
A recent review of the literature on the growing trend of following alternative immunization schedules produced a summary of parental concerns, such as concerns about vaccine safety, efficacy, and necessity; distrust of vaccine advocates' motivation; and insufficient information with which to make an informed decision (Dempsey et al., 2011)
|
From page 65... ...
For example, children with family histories of adverse vaccine events, autoimmune diseases, allergies, and neurological diseases were described to be underrepresented in prelicensure and clinical trials of childhood immunizations. Furthermore, public testimony to the committee described the speculation that children with a family history of autoimmune disease or allergies and premature infants may be additional subpopulations at increased risk for adverse effects from immunizations.
|
From page 66... ...
. During each of the three public sessions held in conjunction with committee meetings, the testimony of many individuals and organizational representatives revealed a lack of trust in the quality and thoroughness of vaccine safety research.
|
From page 67... ...
. Based on the literature review and public testimony, the committee noted the importance of providers' knowledge of vaccine safety.
|
From page 68... ...
CONCLUSIONS From the literature review and the comments received online and during the public sessions, the committee determined that although the majority of parents adhere to the ACIP-recommended immunization schedule for their children, many parents remain concerned that their children may face unnecessary risks because of the timing and number of vaccinations. The decisions that parents make about the risk of disease versus the risk of immunization are attributable, in part, to the significant and sustained declines in most vaccine-preventable diseases that have resulted in the community immunity (also known as herd immunity)
|
From page 69... ...
Children with certain predispositions are more likely to suffer adverse events from vaccines than are those without that risk factor, such as children with immunodeficiencies who are at increased risk for developing invasive disease from a live virus vaccine (IOM, 2012)
|
From page 70... ...
. To achieve the goal of giving health care providers and parents information that addresses the concerns that correlate with delaying or declining childhood immunizations, the committee developed a list of priority areas in which more information or clear communication of existing research is needed.
|
From page 71... ...
The committee listened to presentations from a range of stakeholders whose concerns focused on providing immunizations to preserve community immunity and to prevent the reemergence of vaccinepreventable diseases, which ultimately requires the cooperation and trust of parents in immunizing their children. These other groups and individuals who also have a vested interest in providing children with a safe and effective immunization schedule include pharmaceutical companies; federal, state, and local governments; health insurers; the many health care providers who oversee administration of vaccines; and many others in the health care system.
|
From page 72... ...
The vaccine safety activities of the federal government are prioritizing the engagement of stakeholders in multiple activities, detailed in the 2010 National Vaccine Plan and implementation efforts, as well as the Scientific Agenda of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Immunization Safety Office. However, an effective national vaccine program will require better-quality information on stakeholder concerns about the safety of vaccines, the severity of vaccine-preventable diseases, individual and population-level immunization, vaccine efficacy, and the delivery and supply of vaccines recommended in the childhood immunization schedule.
|
From page 73... ...
2008. Initial guidance for an update of the National Vaccine Plan: A letter report to the National Vaccine Program Office.
|
From page 74... ...
2011. Washington State pedi atricians' attitudes toward alternative childhood immunization schedules.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.