The Responsible Conduct of Research in the Health Sciences (1989) / Chapter Skim
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2 History
2 History
Pages 6-13
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From page 6... ...
Over the past decade misconduct in research has attracted increasing attention f ram the press, the public, the Congress, and the academic and research communities. This attention was initially drawn by a few highly publicized instances of data fabrication, plagiarism, and misrepresentation, such as the incidents involving John Long at Massachusetts General Hospital, Vijay So man at Yale University, and Mark Spector at Cornell University (Broad and Wade, 1982~.
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From page 7... ...
. m e A~U committee recommended that all academic research institutions develop policies and procedures to ensure a high standard of ethical behavior for researchers, to define mechanisms for dealing with suspected deviations four intellectual honesty, and to warn of available sanctions.
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From page 8... ...
The AAMC report reccmmended nine elements, including an explicit mechanism for dealing with allegations of misconduct; policies on openness of research; policies to assure that quality rather than quantity of publications be emphasized in prcmotion-decisions; and policies to ensure appropriate supervision of research teams. Despite these initiatives by professional organizations, only a small number of research institutions made a systematic effort in the - =rly 1980s to develop written policies or procedures to handle cases of scientific misconduct.
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From page 9... ...
, the commission cosponsored the workshop with ALAS and the organization Medicine in the Public Interest to review institutional experiences in handling reports of research fraud. The workshop report, Whistle blowing in Biomedical Research, provide= a study of He initial policies arid pros use by universities to investigate charges of scientific misconduct.
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From page 10... ...
in July 1986 that required local research institutions to adopt misconduct guidelines as a condition of funding for grants and contracts awarded by the National Institutes of Hearth and other USE HS-funded research programs. _ In September 1988, USERS proposed draft regulations in the Federal Register further defining the responsibilities of USERS awardee and applies nt institutions for dealing with and reporting possible misconduct (USDHHS, 1988a)
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From page 11... ...
In April 1988, two separate House subcommitt~Pc held hearings to review regent allegations of scientific misconduct and the experience of NIH In investigating therm bases. Representative John Dingell, chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, strongly criticized government agency performance, contending that the agencies inadequately an dressed key issues regarding disclosure, notification, and protection of whistle-blowers in these cases (U.S.
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From page 12... ...
detect' and handle scientific muscorduct and a description of what selected grantee institutions have learned as a result of experiences with research fraud. m e draft GIG report recur mended that the Secretary of HHS establish inve ~ igatory and oversight functions independent of the research funding agencies and develop a more formal process to deal with scientific misconduct.
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From page 13... ...
These concerns have pivoted resewn h institutions, professional organizations, government agencies, and congressional oversight cc~nmi~ees to search for policies that will strengthen the ~n~riLv and quality of the research environnent. Over the research use of human and aniLrla1 subjects, these policy disa scions raise 9~cal questions abut the adequacy and _ _ ~ As In the case of public corKxrn ertectlveness or- the current se 't-regulatory system in assuring responsible research practices and preventing scientific misconduct.
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