Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Crossings (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 6-15
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From page 6... ...
generally being the limit that most people are willing to travel on foot. Effects on the perceived and actual safety of pedestrians include sidewalks that are too narrow or adjacent to moving lanes of traffic along with pedestrian crossings that are intimidating because of confusing signal indications,excessive crossing distances,or fast-turning vehicles.The immediate physical environment also affects the comfort and convenience of walking.
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From page 7... ...
for calculating pedestrian clearance intervals for traffic signals. The MUTCD also includes a comment that, where pedestrians routinely walk more slowly than normal or use wheelchairs in the crosswalk, a walking speed of less than 4.0 ft/s (1.2 m/s)
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As expected, the walking speeds for pedestrians with disabilities are lower than the average walking speed assumed for the design of pedestrian crosswalk signal timing (8)
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Comparison of pedestrian movement start loss and clearance time gain values for intersection and midblock signalized crossing sites.
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Spatial Bubbles A spatial bubble is the preferred distance of unobstructed forward vision while walking under various circumstances (4)
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Pedestrian Crossing Choices In one study, researchers developed a model consistent with theoretical expectations of how pedestrians cross roads. The model contains variables descriptive of the street environment including continuous variables (such as roadside walking distance, crossing distance, and traffic volume)
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12 Young Children At a young age, children have unique abilities and needs. Since children this age vary great in ability, it is important for parents to supervise and make decisions on when their child is ready for a new independent activity.
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All groups need access and mobility in order to fully participate in society. Transportation officials must pay close attention to communication, the creation of ethnic villages, and subcultural needs and practices.
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• They often have difficulty with balance and postural stability, resulting in slower walking speeds and increased chances for tripping. • Selective attention mechanisms and multi-tasking skills become less effective with age, so older people may have difficulty locating task-relevant information in a complex environment.
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From page 15... ...
value is to be used in conjunction with Table 8 to determine the level of service of the intersection. Complicating matters is the belief that non-compliant pedestrians use several tactics when crossing streets.
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