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From page 100... ... 2. Identify system types within your facility under "targeted system" (ventilation system, life safety system, power distribution, command and control, and communications) Read the entire page →
From page 101... ... WM 00 Table 28. Structural hazard and threat directory for road tunnels. Read the entire page →
From page 102... ... WM 00 Table 29. Structural hazard and threat directory for transit tunnels. Read the entire page →
From page 103... ... WM 00 Table 30. Structural hazard and threat directory for rail tunnels. Read the entire page →
From page 104... ... metsyS detegraT oiranecS taerhT ro drazaH .oN ro drazaH taerhT ot htaP tegraT lacitcaT eciveD yrevileD tegraT noitalitneV metsyS ytefaS efiL metsyS rewoP noitubirtsiD dnammoC lortnoC dna .smmoC 1 ecafruS DEI egraL H4 yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C kcurT 1 muideM H5 DEI ecafruS yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C naV/raC 1 ecafruS DEI llamS H6 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C 1 ecafruS DEI egraL H7 yawdaoR A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS kcurT 1 muideM H8 DEI ecafruS yawdaoR A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS naV/raC 1 ecafruS DEI llamS H9 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS ecafruS DEI egraL H02 yawdaoR erutcurtS .tneV kcurT 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 21 muideM H DEI ecafruS yawdaoR erutcurtS .tneV naV/raC 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT ecafruS DEI llamS H22 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 erutcurtS .tneV 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT lennuT DEI egraL H32 yawdaoR ro evobA retneC C&C kcurT lennuT eht ot tnecajdA 43 elbaT 43 elbaT A/N A/N A/N muideM H42 DEI lennuT yawdaoR ro evobA retneC C&C naV/raC lennuT eht ot tnecajdA 43 elbaT 43 elbaT A/N A/N A/N lennuT DEI egraL H52 yawdaoR ro evobA erutcurtS .tneV kcurT lennuT eht ot tnecajdA 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT muideM H62 DEI lennuT yawdaoR ro evobA erutcurtS .tneV naV/raC lennuT eht ot tnecajdA 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT Table 31. System hazard and threat directory for road tunnels. Read the entire page →
From page 105... ... metsyS detegraT oiranecS taerhT ro drazaH .oN ro drazaH taerhT ot htaP tegraT lacitcaT eciveD yrevileD tegraT noitalitneV metsyS ytefaS efiL metsyS rewoP noitubirtsiD dnammoC lortnoC dna .smmoC lennuT DEI llamS H72 yawdaoR 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT A/N A/N knabtcuD desopxE kcapkcaB eriF egraL H82 1 lennuT yawdaoR latroP reknaT 4 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT eriF egraL H92 1 lennuT yawdaoR noitacoL lennuT ynA reknaT ytilicaF lacitirC ot tnecajdA 5 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT lennuT taMzaH H03 yawdaoR 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT noitacoL lennuT ynA kcurT 31 lennuT R/B/C H yawdaoR /losoreA/laiV egakcaP 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT stnapuccO lennuT lennuT R/B/C H23 riA ylppuS metsyS /losoreA/laiV egakcaP egrahcsiD dna lennuT stnapuccO aerA emulP A/N A/N A/N A/N 04 elbaT lennuT R/B/C H33 riA ylppuS metsyS /losoreA/laiV egakcaP egrahcsiD dna lennuT stnapuccO aerA emulP A/N A/N A/N A/N 04 elbaT rebyC H43 kcattA suriV latigiD lautriV edoC 4 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C 1 A/N :setoN :snoitaiverbbA noitalitneV = .tneV snoitacinummoC = .smmoC lortnoC dna dnammoC = C&C lacigoloidaR/lacigoloiB/lacimehC = R/B/C lairetaM suodrazaH = taMzaH elbacilppA toN = A/N 1 43 naht eroM . 1 ( ruoh rep UTBM 1 ) Read the entire page →
From page 106... ... metsyS detegraT oiranecS taerhT ro drazaH .oN ro drazaH taerhT ot htaP tegraT lacitcaT eciveD yrevileD tegraT noitalitneV metsyS ytefaS efiL metsyS rewoP noitubirtsiD dnammoC lortnoC dna .smmoC 1 ecafruS DEI egraL T4 yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C kcurT 1 muideM T5 DEI ecafruS yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C naV/raC 1 ecafruS DEI llamS T6 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C 1 ecafruS DEI egraL T7 yawdaoR A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS kcurT 1 muideM T8 DEI ecafruS yawdaoR A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS naV/raC 1 ecafruS DEI llamS T9 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS ecafruS DEI egraL T02 yawdaoR erutcurtS .tneV kcurT 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 21 muideM T DEI ecafruS yawdaoR erutcurtS .tneV naV/raC 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT ecafruS DEI llamS T22 yawdaoR erutcurtS .tneV kcapkcaB 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT ecafruS DEI egraL T32 yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT noitatS kcurT ecafruS DEI llamS T42 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT noitatS ro knabtcuD desopxE kcapkcaB yawkcarT DEI llamS T52 tnempiuqE CEM 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT A/N kcapkcaB yawkcarT DEI llamS T62 2 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT noitatS Table 32. System hazard and threat directory for transit tunnels. Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... metsyS detegraT oiranecS taerhT ro drazaH .oN ro drazaH taerhT ot htaP tegraT lacitcaT eciveD yrevileD tegraT noitalitneV metsyS ytefaS efiL metsyS rewoP noitubirtsiD dnammoC lortnoC dna .smmoC eriF egraL T72 1 yraidnecnI yawkcarT niarT no eciveD latroP 2 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT eriF egraL T82 1 yraidnecnI yawkcarT niarT no eciveD noitacoL lennuT ynA lacitirC ot tnecajdA ytilicaF 5 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT suodrazaH T92 slairetaM 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT noitacoL lennuT ynA niarT no eciveD yawkcarT /losoreA/laiV yawkcarT R/B/C T03 no egakcaP niarT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT stnapuccO noitatS/lennuT 31 riA lennuT R/B/C T ylppuS metsyS /losoreA/laiV egakcaP dna noitatS/lennuT aerA emulP egrahcsiD stnapuccO A/N A/N A/N A/N 04 elbaT riA lennuT R/B/C T23 ylppuS metsyS /losoreA/laiV egakcaP dna noitatS/lennuT aerA emulP egrahcsiD stnapuccO A/N A/N A/N A/N 04 elbaT rebyC T33 kcattA suriV latigiD lautriV edoC 4 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C 1 A/N :setoN :snoitaiverbbA noitalitneV = .tneV snoitacinummoC = .smmoC lortnoC dna dnammoC = C&C lacigoloidaR/lacigoloiB/lacimehC = R/B/C lairetaM suodrazaH = taMzaH elbacilppA toN = A/N 1 43 naht eroM . 1 ( ruoh rep UTBM 1 ) Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... metsyS detegraT oiranecS taerhT ro drazaH .oN ro drazaH taerhT ot htaP tegraT lacitcaT eciveD yrevileD tegraT noitalitneV metsyS ytefaS efiL metsyS rewoP noitubirtsiD dnammoC lortnoC dna .smmoC 1 ecafruS DEI egraL R4 yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C kcurT 1 muideM R5 DEI ecafruS yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C naV/raC 1 ecafruS DEI llamS R6 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 93 elbaT 93 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C 1 ecafruS DEI egraL R7 yawdaoR A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS kcurT 1 muideM R8 DEI ecafruS yawdaoR A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS naV/raC 1 ecafruS DEI llamS R9 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 A/N A/N 93 elbaT A/N A/N noitatsbuS ecafruS DEI egraL R02 yawdaoR erutcurtS noitalitneV kcurT 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 21 muideM R DEI ecafruS yawdaoR erutcurtS noitalitneV naV/raC 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT ecafruS DEI llamS R22 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 erutcurtS noitalitneV 3 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT ecafruS DEI egraL R32 yawdaoR 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT noitatS kcurT ecafruS DEI llamS R42 yawdaoR kcapkcaB 2 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT 93 elbaT noitatS ro knabtcuD desopxE kcapkcaB yawkcarT DEI llamS R52 tnempiuqe CEM 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT A/N kcapkcaB yawkcarT DEI llamS R62 2 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT noitatS Table 33. System hazard and threat directory for rail tunnels. Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... metsyS detegraT oiranecS taerhT ro drazaH .oN ro drazaH taerhT ot htaP tegraT lacitcaT eciveD yrevileD tegraT noitalitneV metsyS ytefaS efiL metsyS rewoP noitubirtsiD dnammoC lortnoC dna .smmoC eriF egraL R72 1 yraidnecnI yawkcarT niarT no eciveD latroP 4 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT eriF egraL R82 1 yraidnecnI yawkcarT niarT no eciveD noitacoL lennuT ynA lacitirC ot tnecajdA ytilicaF 5 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT suodrazaH R92 slairetaM 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT noitacoL lennuT ynA niarT no eciveD yawkcarT /losoreA/laiV yawkcarT R/B/C R03 no egakcaP niarT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT 43 elbaT stnapuccO noitatS/lennuT 31 riA lennuT R/B/C R ylppuS metsyS /losoreA/laiV egakcaP dna noitatS/lennuT aerA emulP egrahcsiD stnapuccO A/N A/N A/N A/N 04 elbaT riA lennuT R/B/C R23 ylppuS metsyS /losoreA /laiV egakcaP dna noitatS/lennuT aerA emulP egrahcsiD stnapuccO A/N A/N A/N A/N 04 elbaT rebyC R33 kcattA suriV latigiD lautriV edoC 4 elbaT A/N A/N A/N retneC C&C 1 A/N :setoN :snoitaiverbbA noitalitneV = .tneV snoitacinummoC = .smmoC lortnoC dna dnammoC = C&C lacigoloidaR/lacigoloiB/lacimehC = R/B/C lairetaM suodrazaH = taMzaH elbacilppA toN = A/N 1 43 naht eroM . 1 ( ruoh rep UTBM 1 ) Read the entire page →
From page 110... ... 2. Thickness of steel plates or panels, concrete panels, and shotcrete depends on size of IED or fire. Read the entire page →
From page 111... ... 2. Thickness of steel plates or panels, concrete panels, and shotcrete depends on size of IED or fire. Read the entire page →
From page 112... ... 2. Thickness of steel plates or panels, concrete panels, and shotcrete depends on size of IED or fire. Read the entire page →
From page 113... ... 2. Thickness of steel plates or panels, concrete panels, and shotcrete depends on size of IED or fire. Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... 2. Thickness of steel plates or panels, concrete panels, and shotcrete depends on size of IED or fire. Read the entire page →
From page 115... ... M ea su re s fo r an E le va te d Th re at L ev el Hazard or Threat Scenario Nos.: 14H-22H; 14T-24T; 14R-24R PV: insufficient perimeter protection of critical structure OV: insufficient surveillance of critical structure DP: total or partial loss of system function CM Type CM Functions and Descriptions Relative Effectiveness Order-ofMagnitude Cost P/Op Strategy Multiple-Benefit Potential CM # Lighting H L P DR Anti-Theft, Safety 1 Ventilation System H M P, Op M Safety 2 Fire Detection System M L P DT Safety 3 Fire Protection System H H P, Op M Safety 4 CCTV System or CCVE H M P, Op DT, I Traffic Surveillance 5 Security Awareness Training H L Op DT, M 6 Roving Patrols M L Op DR, DT, I Safety, Security 7 HazMat Restrictions L L Op DR Safety, Security 8 Access Controls (Bollards, Fences, Walls, Locks) H L P DR, DT Pedestrian and User Safety, AntiTrespassing 10 Employee Identification System H L P DR Work Hour Tracking 11 Intrusion Detection System H M P DT, I Anti-Trespassing 12 Evacuation Protocols L H Op M Applicable to Any Hazard 13 ser usae M m u mi ni M Full-Scale Emergency Response Exercises H L Op DT, I, M 19 Inspections (Personal/Vehicle) Read the entire page →
From page 116... ... Cost of wall depends on height and length. M ea su re s fo r an E le va te d Th re at L ev el Hazard or Threat Scenario Nos.: 34H; 33T; 33R PV: insufficient or outdated electronic protection software OV: insufficient or outdated electronic protection software DP: lost or inappropriate traffic and MEC equipment control CM Type CM Functions and Descriptions Relative Effectiveness Order-ofMagnitude Cost P/Op Strategy MultipleBenefit Potential CM # Background Checks M L Op DR, DT 9 Anti-Virus Software H L P, Op I 15 Computer Firewalls H L P, Op I 16 Backup Manual Control of Systems H M P, Op M 17 ser usae M m u mi ni M Regularly Scheduled Data Backup H L Op M Protect Integrity of Data and Signals, Protect Investment in Digital Systems 18 Table 40. Read the entire page →
From page 117... ... For another example, Table 39 groups together scenarios 14H–22H from Table 31, 14T–24T from Table 32, and 14R–24R from Table 33. All of these scenarios have common physical vulnerabilities (i.e., insufficient perimeter protection of a critical facility) Read the entire page →
From page 118... ... concrete or chemical grouting; • Interior liner bolting or tie-backs; • Rip-rap over tunnel; • Precast concrete slab over tunnel; • Interior roof steel plates; • Interior roof panels; • Exterior roof steel plates; • Exterior roof concrete panels; • Bollards to control access; • Fencing to control access; • Concrete encasement of columns; • RFP wrapping of columns; • Steel jacketing of columns; • Redundant columns or walls; • Floodgates; and • Disperse functions (i.e., redundant systems) Read the entire page →
From page 119... ... Operational measures use personnel and are flexible, dynamic to the fluidity of a hazard or threat, and mobile. Operational measures can be elevated or downgraded to match the level of hazard or threat anticipated. Read the entire page →
From page 120... ... Strategic mitigation measures may also involve physically improving an asset so that it is impervious to the impact of the hazard or threat deployed. For example, reinforcing a tunnel with steel plates will make the tube better able to withstand a blast overpressure, fire, or derailed train. Read the entire page →
From page 121... ... 5.4 Countermeasure Descriptions The following sections describe in detail the countermeasures listed in the countermeasure guides. Since the continuous operation of a facility is a primary goal of a tunnel owner or operator, each of these mitigation measures should consider the effect that construction will have on operations. Read the entire page →
From page 122... ... Training Requirements None. Life Expectancy Infrastructure: 20+ years; Lamps: 24,000 hours. Read the entire page →
From page 123... ... Life Expectancy 10–20 years. Comments Costs vary widely by system size and utility work required. Read the entire page →
From page 124... ... Operation and Maintenance Typically requires private contractor for maintenance. Training Requirements Medium -- initial training of control center and maintenance staff, followed by annual incremental refreshers and/or updates. Read the entire page →
From page 125... ... Monitoring should be done by owner or operator's staff. Training Requirements Medium -- initial training of control center and maintenance staff required, followed by annual incremental refreshers and/or updates. Read the entire page →
From page 126... ... Life Expectancy 2–5 years. Comments Countermeasure Description Restriction or exclusion of materials in the tunnel system. Read the entire page →
From page 127... ... There are many types of personnel access control devices available, including key cards matched with employment records, verification codes entered manually against a stored database, and biometric devices that measure body features and match them to individuals. Location access control devices are designed and installed to prevent all physical access near a location or into a facility. Read the entire page →
From page 128... ... . Access control devices designed for a singular purpose and staff can be misapplied. Read the entire page →
From page 129... ... Life Expectancy 5–10 years. Comments Countermeasure Description Establishment of evacuation protocols that are well-known, exercised, and supported. Read the entire page →
From page 130... ... Life Expectancy 20–40 years. Comments Countermeasure Description Install software designed to thwart the introduction of malicious software code into the data network of the tunnel owner or operator. Read the entire page →
From page 131... ... This advance planning will ensure safe and continuous operation if the data connection is disabled or destroyed. Countermeasure 18: Regularly Scheduled Data Backup All data networks should be duplicated regularly to protect against loss of information. Read the entire page →
From page 132... ... Use Across entire data network. Category Minimum measures. Read the entire page →
From page 133... ... Training Requirements High -- each police officer or security guard placed at the portal needs to be highly trained to spot potential threats and to respond to confirmed threats. Life Expectancy Short-term duration, equal to elevated threat condition. Read the entire page →
From page 134... ... Training Requirements High -- each screener placed at the portal needs to be highly trained to spot potential hazards and threats and to respond to confirmed hazards and threats. Life Expectancy Short-term duration. Read the entire page →
From page 135... ... Life Expectancy 2–5 years. Comments Countermeasure Description Credential checks on each jobsite entrance. Read the entire page →
From page 136... ... Life Expectancy Short-term duration to match escalated threat level. Comments Countermeasure Description Establishment of restrictions for any vessel transiting the waterway above a tunnel footprint. Read the entire page →
From page 137... ... Training Requirements Medium -- supplemental training is required. Life Expectancy 5–10 years. Read the entire page →
From page 138... ... Training Requirements Medium -- supplemental training is required. Life Expectancy 5–10 years. Read the entire page →
From page 139... ... Constructability issues include the following: • Interior clearances for installation of concrete panels. • Work hours (weekdays, nighttime, and weekends) Read the entire page →
From page 140... ... See Figure 17. Constructability issues include the following: • Work hours (weekdays, nighttime, and weekends) Read the entire page →
From page 141... ... See Figure 19. Constructability issues include the following: • All work is conducted outside of the tunnel. Read the entire page →
From page 142... ... Constructability issues include the following: • Interior clearances for installation of steel plates. • Work hours (weekdays, nighttime, and weekends) Read the entire page →
From page 143... ... Constructability issues include the following: • Interior clearances for installation of concrete panels. • Work hours (weekdays, nighttime, and weekends) Read the entire page →
From page 144... ... See Figure 25. Constructability issues include the following: • All work is conducted outside of the tunnel. Read the entire page →
From page 145... ... Constructability issues include the following: • There must be sufficient property (width and depth) to accommodate the bollards. Read the entire page →
From page 146... ... Figure 25. Exterior roof concrete panels. Read the entire page →
From page 147... ... Constructability issues include the following: • There must be sufficient property to accommodate the fencing. • Depending on who owns the property, – Permits may be required, – Coordination with other agencies may be required, – Utility relocation and coordination may be required, and/or – Work hours may depend solely on the contractor's schedule. Read the entire page →
From page 148... ... See Figure 30. Constructability issues include the following: • Minor interior clearances for installation of steel jackets. Read the entire page →
From page 149... ... See Figure 34. Constructability issues include the following: • Environmental issues require permits and approval from responsible agencies. Read the entire page →
From page 150... ... 150 Figure 34. Bollards or fenders in the water. Read the entire page →
From page 151... ... , outage costs of highways or rail lines, and interruption of traffic and operations during construction. Although the relative effectiveness and order-of-magnitude cost ratings in the countermeasure guides are based on many years of engineering expertise and past project experience, the rating systems are Read the entire page →

From page 100...

... 2. Identify system types within your facility under "targeted system" (ventilation system, life safety system, power distribution, command and control, and communications)