Biologic Markers of Air-Pollution Stress and Damage in Forests (1989) / Chapter Skim
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Markers of Air Pollution in Forests: Nutrient Cycling
Markers of Air Pollution in Forests: Nutrient Cycling
Pages 133-142
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From page 133... ...
Decomposition may also be altered by increased acid input, trace metal deposition, or gaseous pollution; but, once again, many of these potential changes are very difficult to evaluate for lack of control sites. Acid deposition nearly always influences soil leaching rates to some degree.
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From page 134... ...
In the following discussion, we review very briefly the literature regarding effects of air pollution on various nutrient fluxes and contents in forest ecosystems, attempt to extract from that literature useful markers of air pollution on forest nutrient cycles, and make some recommendations as to general sampling protocols that may be useful in monitoring pollutant presence and effects on forest nutrient cycles. DEPOSITION AND CANOPY INTERACTIONS There has long been a concern over the effects of acid deposition on foliar leaching.
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From page 135... ...
showed that simulated acid rain applied to three northeastern soils enhanced or inhibited decomposition depending on the amount of acid applied and the amount of organic acid leached from soil samples. In another study, sulfuric acid applications to hardwood leaf packs generally stimulated the loss of litter, nutrients, and trace metals from the soil surface (Lee and Weber 1983~.
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From page 136... ...
SOIL LEACHING AND NUTRIENT EXPORT The effects of acid deposition on soil leaching and stream water export have been studied extensively, are reasonably well understood, and have been modeled (e.g., Reuss and Johnson 1986~. These effects can be estimated rather easily, even in the absence of control sites, given certain reasonable assumptions about background solution concentrations of SOT and NO3.
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From page 137... ...
but also as the total ionic concentration of soil solution increases. These equations also imply that, compared with leaching of the other major cation nutrients, K+ leaching from soils will be the least affected by acid deposition.
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From page 138... ...
Had such a program been implemented in the past, much of the current heated debate and often unsupported speculation concerning the effects of air pollution on soils would not exist. Furthermore, the existence of archived soil samples, with proper tests for sample storage effects, would allow measurement and remeasurement of currently unmonitored soil parameters that could be of importance in the future.
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From page 139... ...
1984. Effects of simulated acid precipitation on decomposition and leaching of organic carbon in forest soils.
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From page 140... ...
1985. Rates of mineral element leaching from leaves of mini plant species from a southern Appalachian forest succession subjected to simulated acid rain.
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From page 141... ...
1986. Available nitrogen and nitrogen cycling in forest soils exposed to simulated acid rain.
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From page 142... ...
1984. The impact of vitrification on soil acidification and cation leaching in red alder ecosystem.
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