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11 Introduction
Pages 237-244

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From page 237...
... Recently, health care providers have asked for guidance in counseling pregnant women about the use of nutrient supplements with regard to their safety, efficacy, and appropriate dosage if used. In the past, several reports issued by expert Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)
From page 238...
... Although this statement was targeted toward the general population, it specifically mentions pregnant women: Healthy children and adults should obtain adequate nutrient intakes from dietary sources. Meeting nutrient needs by choosing a vanes of foods in moderation, rather than by supplementation, reduces the potential risk for both nutrient deficiencies and nutrient excesses.
From page 239...
... Approximately 92% of 7,825 married mothers* in the 1980 National Natality Survey reported taking vitamin supplements during pregnancy (K Keppel, National Center for Health Statistics, personal communication, 1988)
From page 240...
... = 1 ,ug of retinol, ~ ,ug ot ,~-carotene, or l~ ,ug OI Olner provitamin A carotenoids; whereas 1 IU is usually equated to 0.3 ,ug of retinol and to 0.6 ,ug of ,B-carotene. By calculation, 8,000 IU of vitamin A from vitamin supplements or cereal fortified with retinol equals 2,400 RE.
From page 241...
... National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicates that among females between 25 and 34 years of age, 26.4% of the whites and 15.5% of the blacks reported regular use of vitamin and mineral supplements (Block et al., 1988~. SCOPE OF REPORT The Subcommittee on Dietary Intake and Nutnent Supplements During Pregnancy was asked to review recent studies of dietary intake, supplement usage, laboratory indices reflecting nutrient intake, and nutrient requirements as a basis for developing conclusions and recommendations pertaining to the use of nutrient supplements during pregnancy.
From page 242...
... In addition, the subcommittee considered the use of such substances as street drugs, alcohol, and tobacco, which may have far-reaching consequences on the developing fetus and the family unit. It recognized the need to determine the nutritional implications of different forms of substance abuse and to develop realistic approaches to modifying food intake, recommending supplement use, or delivering nutrition services without losing sight of the importance of taking steps to modify the harmful practice.
From page 243...
... Report of the Committee on Dietary Allowances, Food and Nutrition Board, Division of Biological Sciences, Assembly of Life Sciences. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
From page 244...
... Report of the Subcommittee on the Tenth Edition of the RDAs, Food and Nutrition Board, Commission on Life Sciences. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.


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