Effects of Psychoactive Chemicals on Commercial Driver Health and Performance: Stimulants, Hypnotics, Nutritional, and Other Supplements (2011) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A - Additional Research on Chemicals Affecting Performance and Health
Appendix A - Additional Research on Chemicals Affecting Performance and Health
Pages 71-78
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From page 71... ...
Clayton (1976) explained why it is so difficult to reach firm conclusions about practical effects of prescribed psychotropic drugs on driving performance by citing differences in methodology, tasks used in testing, drug doses, and in choice of test participants.
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From page 72... ...
. NIDA lists street names for GHB as G, Georgia home boy, grievous bodily harm, and liquid ecstasy.
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From page 73... ...
Another antidepressant, paroxetine, a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, administered in the usual dose of 20 mg, had no effect on performance. Paroxetine at 40 mg did not affect road tracking but slightly impaired performance in some psychomotor tests in a persistent manner (Robbe and O'Hanlon 1995)
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From page 74... ...
Marijuana is normally considered to be a recreational drug in the form of dried tops and leaves of the cannabis sativa plant. NIDA lists street names for marijuana as blunt, dope, ganja, grass, herb, weed, joints, Mary Jane, pot, reefer, sinsemilla, and skunk; and for hashish, names such as boom, chronic, gangster, hash, hash oil, and hemp.
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From page 75... ...
(2005) reported the incidence of cannabis in motor vehicle crashes, until actual driving studies are performed that report blood concentrations in heavy chronic marijuana users, one can only speculate what the long-term effects might be (McBay 1997)
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From page 76... ...
The incidence of numbers of commercial drivers in the United States who participate in marijuana or hashish use is largely unknown. However, it is generally believed that because of enforced random urine screening for this and other illegal drugs, and the impending threat of losing one's job and livelihood, the rate of users in the transportation industry seems at least manageable from a safety standpoint [this observation is largely based on the personal experiences of the first author, G
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From page 77... ...
For herbal ephedra and ephedrine-containing food supplements, they found reports of increased risk of psychiatric, autonomic or gastrointestinal adverse events, and heart palpitations. Therapeutic doses of ephedrine can cause minor hand tremors, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, fear, anxiety, restlessness, and insomnia.
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From page 78... ...
observed that increased metabolic heat production was offset by increased heat dissipation and the internal body temperature change was not greater than during a control trial. They also found caffeine combined with ephedrine produced improvements in vigilance, performance of mental arithmetic in terms of both speed and accuracy, and reaction time.
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